ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÂÛÎÄ

Äúµ±Ç°µÄλÖãºÑ§ÊõÌà > ͼÊéµµ°¸Ñ§ÂÛÎÄ > ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÂÛÎÄ >

½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÓ¦ÓÃÓÚҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ½ÌѧÖеÄÎÊÌ⼰Ч¹û

À´Ô´£ºÒ½Ñ§½ÌÓýÑо¿Óëʵ¼ù ×÷Õߣº¸ð¾ü;ºÎÓÀÖ¾;
·¢²¼ÓÚ£º2018-12-24 ¹²7062×Ö

¡¡¡¡ÕªÒª£ºÒ©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÊÇҩѧרҵµÄ±ØÐ޿γÌ, Ö¼ÔÚÅàÑøѧÉúµÄÐÅÏ¢ËØÑø, ΪÆä½ñºóÆäËû¿Î³ÌµÄѧϰ¡¢¿ÆÑй¤×÷´òϼáʵµÄ»ù´¡¡£È»¶ø, ¸Ã¿Î³ÌÔÚ´«Í³µÄ½ÌѧģʽÉÏËù±©Â¶µÄÎÊÌâÔ½À´Ô½Ã÷ÏÔ, ÈçѧÉúȱ·¦Ñ§Ï°ÐËȤ, ½Ìѧ¹ÜÀíÄѶȴó, ʦÉúÖ®¼äȱ·¦»¥¶¯µÈ¡£Ëæ×ÅÖÇÄÜÊÖ»úµÄÆÕ¼°, Ô½À´Ô½¶àµÄÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP±»Ó¦Óõ½´óѧ½ÌѧÖÐ, ²¢ÇÒÈ¡µÃÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û¡£Ôڴ˱³¾°ÏÂ, ±ÊÕß½«Ä³½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÓ¦ÓÃÓÚҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ½ÌѧÖÐ, ½øÐÐÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍø»·¾³ÏµĻìºÏʽ½ÌѧºÍÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û¡£½á¹ûÏÔʾÕâÖÖ»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧ³É¹¦¿Ë·þÁËҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½ÌѧÖÐÒÔÍù´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ, ²úÉúÁË»ý¼«µÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û¡£

¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP; »ìºÏʽ½Ìѧ; ҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷; ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û

ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷

¡¡¡¡Application of Teaching Assistant APP in Pharmacy Literature Retrieval Teaching

¡¡¡¡GE Jun HE Yong-zhi HE Xin DENG Yan-ru REN Xiao-liang MOU Jia-jia

¡¡¡¡Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

¡¡¡¡Abstract£º

¡¡¡¡Pharmacy literature retrieval is a compulsory course for the students majoring in pharmacy.This course aims to develop student's information literacy, help them to learn other subjects and carry out scientific research work.However, some problems of this course in traditional teaching mode are more and more obvious, for instance, lack of interest in learning for students, difficult teaching management and lack of interaction between teachers and students.With the popularity of smart phones, more and more teaching assistant APP are applied to university teaching and have obtained good teaching results.In this context, we apply this APP to pharmacy literature retrieval teaching to carry out blended teaching mode and formative evaluation in the environment of mobile internet.The results show that this blended teaching mode successfully overcome the problems of pharmacy literature retrieval traditional teaching mode and obtain positive teaching achievement.

¡¡¡¡Keyword£º

¡¡¡¡Teaching assistant APP; blended teaching; pharmacy literature retrieval; formative evaluation;

¡¡¡¡×Ô1984Äê½ÌÓý²¿Ï´¹ØÓÚÔÚ¸ßУ¿ªÉèÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÓëÀûÓÿεļ¸µãÒâ¼ûµÄ֪ͨ¡· (004ºÅÎļþ) ºó, ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎÔÚÈ«¹ú¸÷´óרԺУ¿ªÕ¹, ÒÑÓÐÈýÊ®¶àÄêµÄ·¢Õ¹ÀúÊ·[1]¡£ÓÉÓÚÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎÊÇÒ»ÃÅʵ¼ùÐÔ½ÏÇ¿µÄ¿Î³Ì, Óëרҵ֪ʶÁªÏµÃÜÇÐ, ËùÒÔ¸÷¸ßУ¸÷רҵÔÚ³¤ÆڵĸĸïºÍÑݱäÖÐÐγÉÁË×Ô¼ºµÄÌØÉ«[2]¡£Ôڴ˱³¾°ÏÂ, ¸÷¸ßµÈҽҩԺУΪÁËÇ¿»¯Ò©Ñ§È˲ŵÄÐÅÏ¢ËØÑø, ÅàÑøÆä·ÖÎöºÍÀûÓÃҩѧÎÄÏ×µÄÄÜÁ¦, ʹËûÃÇÔÚ½«À´µÄ¹¤×÷ÖÐÄܳä·ÖÀûÓÃҩѧÐÅÏ¢×ÊÔ´, ΪÆä·¢Õ¹·þÎñ, ½«Ò©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷×÷ΪһÃűØÐ޿γ̿ªÉè[3]¡£

¡¡¡¡Ä¿Ç°, ÎÒ¹úÕþ¸®ÔÚ´óÁ¦³«µ¼“»¥ÁªÍø+”Ðж¯¼Æ»®, Ä¿µÄÊǽ«»¥ÁªÍøÓ봫ͳÐÐÒµÏà½áºÏ, ´Ù½ø¸÷Ðи÷ÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£ÓÉ´Ë, ±ÊÕßÈÏΪ½ÌÓýÐÐÒµÓëÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøÉî¶ÈÈÚºÏ, ½èÖúÓÚÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøµÄÏȽøÉú²úÁ¦, ¸Ä¸ïÏÖÓнÌѧÀíÄî, ´´Ð½Ìѧ·½·¨, ÒѳÉΪÐÅÏ¢»¯Éç»á±³¾°ÏµıØÈ»·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÔÚÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøʱ´ú, Óû§¿ÉËæʱËæµØµ÷ÓÃÔƶ˷þÎñÆ÷µÄ×ÊÔ´ºÍ´æ´¢¿Õ¼ä¡£Òò´Ë, »ùÓÚ“Ôƶ˔µÄ½Ìѧ»î¶¯½«²»ÔÙÊܵ½Ê±¼ä¡¢½Ìѧ³¡µØµÈ»·¾³ÒòËصÄÏÞÖÆ¡£»ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄËùÓнÌѧ»î¶¯¶¼ÊÇÔÚ“Ôƶ˔½øÐеÄ, ½â¾öÁ˽Ìѧ»î¶¯¿çƽ̨¿çµØµãµÄ¹ÜÀíÎÊÌâ, ÀýÈçÓû§¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÖÇÄÜÊÖ»ú¡¢Æ½°åµçÄÔ¡¢Ì¨Ê½µçÄÔµÈÉ豸²Î¼ÓAPPÄڵİà¿Î»î¶¯, ²¢ÇÒ¶ÔWindows, Mac, Android, iOSµÈ²Ù×÷ϵͳ¾ß±¸Á¼ºÃµÄ¼æÈÝÐÔ, ÇáËÉʵÏÖÁË“Ôƶ˔½Ìѧ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÔÚ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPµÄ°ïÖúÏÂ, ÒÀÍÐÖÇÄÜÊÖ»ú»òƽ°åµçÄÔµÈÒƶ¯É豸Ϊ½ÌʦÌṩ¿ÎÌùÜÀí¡¢×ÊÔ´ÍÆËͺͽÌѧÆÀ¼ÛµÈ·þÎñ, ΪѧÉúÌṩ¿Î³Ì¶©ÔÄ¡¢ÏûÏ¢ÌáÐÑ¡¢¸öÐÔ»¯Ñ§Ï°×ÊÔ´¡¢ÌÖÂÛ½»Á÷µÈ·þÎñ, Ò»¾­ÍƹãʹÓúó±ãÊܵ½Á˹ã´óʦÉúµÄºÃÆÀ[4]¡£±¾ÎĽ«¸ÃÀàAPPÓ¦Óõ½Ò©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ½ÌѧÖÐ, Õë¶ÔҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½ÌѧÖдæÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ, ÔËÓÃÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøÓ봫ͳ½ÌѧÏà½áºÏµÄ»ìºÏ½Ìѧģʽ½øÐÐÁËÓÐÒæµÄ̽Ë÷¡£

¡¡¡¡1 ҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½ÌѧÖдæÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ

¡¡¡¡1.1 ѧÉú¶Ô±¾¿Î³Ìȱ·¦ÐËȤ, ѧϰ»ý¼«ÐÔ²»¸ß

¡¡¡¡“ÖªÖ®Õß, ²»ÈçºÃÖ®Õß”, ÐËȤÊÇ×îºÃµÄÀÏʦ¡£±ÊÕß¾­µ÷²é·¢ÏÖ, ѧÉúÔÚѧϰҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ʱ, ÆÕ±éȱ·¦ÐËȤ, ѧϰ»ý¼«ÐÔ²»¸ß¡£Ôì³ÉÉÏÊöÏÖÏóÖ÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÁ½·½ÃæÎÊÌâÒýÆðµÄ¡£Ò»·½Ãæ, ѧÉú¶Ô±¾¿Î³ÌµÄÖØÊӶȲ»¹», ÐÅÏ¢Òâʶµ­±¡¡£Ëæ×Å»¥ÁªÍøµÄÆÕ¼°, ´óѧÉú¸üÇãÏòÓÚÍøÉÏÔĶÁ, µ½Í¼Êé¹Ý²éÔÄÊé¼®µÄÈËÊýÔ½À´Ô½ÉÙ¡£Ðí¶àѧÉúÔÚѧϰҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î³ÌÇ°, ºÁÎÞ¼ìË÷¾­Àú, ȱÉÙ¶ÔÎÄÏ×ÐèÇóµÄ˼¿¼¡¢·ÖÎö¡¢ÅжϺÍɸѡµÄÒâʶ, ¶ÔͼÊé¹ÝµÄÎÄÏ×ÐÅÏ¢×ÊԴȱ·¦¾ßÌ塢ϵͳµÄÁ˽â, ´ÓÖ÷¹ÛÉϲ¢Ã»ÓнÓÊÜÈÏ¿ÉҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄÖØÒªÐÔ, µ¼ÖÂÆäѧϰ»ý¼«ÐÔ²»¸ß[5]¡£ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ, ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î³ÌµÄ½²ÊÚÄÚÈݳéÏó·±ÔÓ, ѧÉúÄÑÒÔÀí½â, ¸Ðµ½¿ÝÔ﷦ζ, ÈÝÒײúÉúÑáѧÇéÐ÷Ò²ÊÇÔì³ÉѧÉú¶Ô±¾¿Î³Ìȱ·¦ÐËȤ, ѧϰ»ý¼«ÐÔ²»¸ßµÄÔ­ÒòÖ®Ò»¡£

¡¡¡¡1.2 ºÏ°àÉϿε¼Ö½Ìѧ¹ÜÀíÄѶȼӴó

¡¡¡¡½üÄêÀ´, Ëæ×ÅҩѧԺУÈËÊýÀ©ÕкÍѧУ¶ÔÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄÖØÊÓ, ҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄѧÉúÈËÊýºÍѧʱÖðÄêÔö¶à, ½ÌѧÈÎÎñÔ½À´Ô½ÖØ, ÔÚʦ×ÊÁ¦Á¿ÓÐÏÞµÄÇé¿öÏÂ, Ðí¶àԺУ¶¼²ÉÓúϰàÉÏ¿ÎÐÎʽ¡£µ«ÊǺϰàÉÏ¿ÎÒòÈËÊý½Ï¶à, ´æÔÚ×ÅÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâ, ÀýÈç½ÌʦÄÑÒÔ×öµ½Òò²ÄÊ©½Ì, ½Ìѧ»î¶¯ÄÑÒÔ×éÖ¯, Ôö¼Ó¿ÎÌÿ¼ÇÚµÄÄѶÈ, ½Ìʦ¹¤×÷Á¿¼Ó´ó, ½ÌѧЧ¹ûÈõ»¯µÈ, ¼Ó´óÁ˽Ìѧ¹ÜÀíµÄÄѶÈ, Ó°ÏìҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ½ÌѧÖÊÁ¿[6]¡£

¡¡¡¡1.3 ´«Í³µÄÌîѼʽ½Ìѧ, ѧÉú±»¶¯Ñ§Ï°, ûÓÐʵÏÖ»¥¶¯

¡¡¡¡Ò©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎÒÔÀíÂÛ½ÌѧΪÖ÷, ¸¨ÒÔÒ»¶¨Ñ§Ê±µÄʵϰ, ÀíÂÛ½ÌѧÒÔ¿ÎÌý²ÊÚ¡¢Ê¾·¶ÎªÖ÷, ʵϰÒÔ¶ÔÀíÂÛ½ÌѧÄÚÈݵÄÑé֤ΪĿµÄ¡£ÔÚ¿ÎÌýÌѧÖÐ, ÈÔȻͣÁôÔÚ´«Í³µÄ½ÌѧģʽÖÐ, ¼´ÒÔ½Ìʦ½²ÊÚΪÖ÷, ²ÉÈ¡ÌîѼʽ¡¢×¢ÈëʽµÄ·½·¨, ÖعàÊäÇụ¶¯, ÖؼÇÒäÇá˼¿¼, ûÓÐ×öµ½ÒÔѧÉúΪÖÐÐÄ[7]¡£

¡¡¡¡1.4 ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼ÛÄÑÒԹ᳹

¡¡¡¡Ò»·½Ãæ, ÓÉÓÚѧÉúÈËÊý½Ï¶à, ½ÌʦÄÑÒÔ½«ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û¸²¸Çµ½È«²¿Ñ§Éú, ûÓÐʱ¼ä¡¢¾«Á¦¸ßÖÊÁ¿µØÈ¥Íê³ÉÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û·½°¸Éè¼ÆµÄ¸÷Öֻ, ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ, ÓÉÓÚÊÜ´«Í³½ÌÓýģʽºÍ¿¼ÊÔÎÄ»¯µÄÓ°Ïì, ʦÉú¶ÔÖÕ½áÐÔÆÀ¼Û»¹ÓйßÐÔ˼ά, ´ÓÖ÷¹ÛÒâʶÉÏ»¹Ã»ÓÐÍêÈ«½ÓÊÜÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û, µ¼ÖÂÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼ÛÔÚҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½ÌѧÖÐÄÑÒԹ᳹¡£

¡¡¡¡2 »ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPƽ̨µÄ»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧģʽ

¡¡¡¡±ÊÕßÒÔҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ½ÌѧΪÀý, ½éÉÜ»ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPƽ̨µÄ»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧģʽ (ͼ1) ¡£

¡¡¡¡Í¼1 »ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPƽ̨µÄҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧ

¡¡¡¡2.1 ¿ÎÇ°½Ìѧ»î¶¯µÄ¹¹½¨

¡¡¡¡´´½¨°à¿Î¡£ÔÚ¿ª¿ÎÇ°Ò»ÖÜ֪ͨѧÉú°²×°½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP, ÈÃѧÉúÌáÇ°ÊìϤ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPµÄʹÓá£ÊäÈëÕË»§ÐÅϢʱ½ÌʦºÍѧÉú¶¼ÊäÈëÐÕÃûºÍ¹¤ºÅ¡¢Ñ§ºÅµÈÕæʵÐÅÏ¢, ½ûֹʹÓÃêdzÆ, ·½±ãÒÔºóµÄ½Ìѧ¹ÜÀí¡£

¡¡¡¡¿ÎÇ°·¢²¼Í¨Öª, ÍÆËÍ×ÊÔ´, ѧÉú½øÐÐԤϰ¡£µÈµ½Ñ§ÉúÈ«²¿¼ÓÈëÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÄÚ´´½¨µÄҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÔÆ°à¿Îºó, ±¾Ñ§ÆڵĽÌѧ»î¶¯Õýʽ¿ªÊ¼¡£Ê×ÏÈ, ÔÚÏûÏ¢¹¦ÄÜÖеİà¿Î֪ͨ°æ¿é, ·¢²¼±¾°à¿ÎµÄµÚÒ»´Î֪ͨ, ÌáÐÑѧÉú±¾¿Î³ÌµÄÉÏ¿Îʱ¼äºÍ½ÌÊÒÇé¿ö¡£Æä´Î, ÔÚ×ÊÔ´¹¦ÄÜÖÐ, ·¢²¼Ò»Ð©ÓëÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷Ïà¹ØµÄ΢¿ÎµÈÊÓƵ×ÊÁÏ, ²©¿Í¡¢ÐÂÎÅ¡¢Ìû×ÓµÈÍøÒ³Á´½Ó, ץסѧÉúµÄºÃÆæÐÄ, ʹѧÉú¶Ô±¾¿Î³Ì²úÉúŨºñµÄÐËȤ¡£½ÓÏÂÀ´, Ôڻ¹¦ÄÜÖд´½¨µ÷²éÎʾí, ×é֯ѧÉú²Î¼Óµ÷²éÎʾí, ¶ÔѧÉúµÄÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷»ù´¡½øÐÐÃþµ×µ÷²é, Ã÷ȷѧÇé, Ìá¸ßÊڿεÄÕë¶ÔÐÔºÍʵЧÐÔ¡£×îºó, ½«½ÌʦÊÚ¿ÎËùÓõÄPPT¿Î¼þÉÏ´«µ½×ÊÔ´¹¦ÄÜÖÐ, ʹѧÉúÄܹ»ÔÚÉÏ¿ÎÇ°ÌáǰԤϰÉÏ¿ÎËù½²µÄÄÚÈÝ, Ìá¸ßѧϰЧÂÊ¡£×÷Ϊ½Ìʦ, ¸ÃAPP¿ÉÒÔÏòÆä·´À¡Ñ§ÉúÊÇ·ñÀûÓÃÁË·¢²¼µÄÏà¹Ø×ÊÔ´, ÕâÑù, ½Ìʦ¿ÉÒÔ¶Ôδ²ÎÓë¿ÎÇ°»î¶¯µÄѧÉú×ö³öÌáÐÑ¡£´ËÍâ, ͨ¹ý¸ÃAPP»¹¿ÉÒÔÖ¸¶¨Ò»ÃûѧÉúΪÖú½Ì, Öú½Ì¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ½ÌʦµÄ²¿·ÖȨÏÞ, ×÷ΪÊڿνÌʦµÄÖúÊÖ·½±ã½Ìѧ¹ÜÀí¡£

¡¡¡¡2.2 ¿ÎÌýÌѧ»î¶¯µÄ¹¹½¨

¡¡¡¡¿¼ÇÚ¡£´«Í³µÄ¿ÎÌÃÇ©µ½, ½Ìʦ¶¼ÊÇͨ¹ýѧÉúµÄ»¨Ãû²á½øÐеãÃû¡£¶ÔÓÚÈËÊý½Ï´óµÄ°à¼¶, Èç¹û¶ÔËùÓÐѧÉú¶¼½øÐеãÃû, Ôò»áÕ¼Óùý¶àµÄ¿ÎÌÃÊÚ¿Îʱ¼ä, ¶øÈç¹ûËæ»úµãÃûµÄ»°, Ôò»á©µôһЩÌӿεÄѧÉú¡£±ÊÕßͨ¹ý½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPµÄÇ©µ½¹¦ÄÜ, ÇáËɽâ¾öÁËÉÏÊöÎÊÌâ, ¼´Ê¹°à¼¶ÓÐÉÏ°ÙÈ˵ĹæÄ£, Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ¼¸ÃëµÄʱ¼äÀïÍê³ÉȫԱǩµ½¡£´ËÍâ, Ëæ»úѡȡѧÉúµ½ºÚ°åÉÏÉèÖñ¾ÌÿεÄÇ©µ½ÃÜÂë, Ôö¼ÓÇ©µ½»î¶¯µÄȤζÐÔ;½èÖúAPPµÄ³öÇÚÂÊ·´À¡¹¦ÄÜ, Öصã¹Ø×¢ÓÐȱÇÚÐÐΪµÄѧÉúµÈ¡£Í¨¹ýÉÏÊöÊÖ¶Î, ³öÇÚÂÊÓÉ90%Ìá¸ßµ½99%, ÌÓ¿ÎÏÖÏ󱻶žø¡£

¡¡¡¡“Í·ÄԷ籩»î¶¯”, ¿ÎÌÃÉϽ»Á÷ÌÖÂÛ, ÉÀí½â¡£¾­¹ý½ÌʦµÄ½²½â, ѧÉú¶ÔÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷µÄ¸ÅÄîÓÐÁ˳õ²½Á˽â, ΪÁËÈÃѧÉú¼ÓÉîÓ¡Ïó, ±ÊÕßͨ¹ýAPPµÄ“Í·ÄԷ籩»î¶¯”, ÈÃѧÉú¶¯ÄԽ»ÓÏëÏó, ¾ÙÀý˵Ã÷ÎÒÃÇÔÚÈÕ³£Éú»îÖж¼ÓÐÄÄЩ·½ÃæÓõ½Á˼ìË÷µÄ֪ʶ¡£¾ßÌåÈçÏÂ:½«Ñ§Éú·Ö³ÉÈô¸ÉС×é, ¸÷С×éÓÉѧÉúÍƾÙÒ»Ãû×鳤¸ºÔðÖ÷³ÖС×é»î¶¯, ¸÷С×éΧÈƽÌʦÉèÖõÄÖ÷Ìâ“ÎÒÃÇÔÚÈÕ³£Éú»îÖж¼ÓÐÄÄЩ·½ÃæÓõ½Á˼ìË÷µÄ֪ʶ”½øÐÐÌÖÂÛ½»Á÷, È»ºóÓɸ÷С×é×鳤×ܽá×éÔ±µÄ¹Ûµã²¢Í¨¹ýAPPÌύС×鱨¸æ, ¸÷¸öС×éÔÙ½øÐл¥ÆÀ, ×îºó½ÌʦÓÐÕë¶ÔÐÔµØ×ö×ܽá, ¶Ô±íÏÖ»îÔ¾µÄС×铵ãÔÞ”²¢¸øÓè¾­ÑéÖµµÄ¹ÄÀø¡£Í¨¹ý“Í·ÄԷ籩»î¶¯”µÄÖ÷ÌâÐÔÌÖÂÛ, ѧÉúÌå»áµ½¼ìË÷µÄ֪ʶÔÚÎÒÃǵÄÈÕ³£Éú»îÖо­³£»áÓõ½, ²¢²»Ö»¾ÖÏÞÓÚ¿ÆÑй¤×÷ÖÐ, ¼ÓÉîÁ˶ÔÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷֪ʶÖØÒªÐÔµÄÈÏʶ, ²úÉúÁËѧϰҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿ÎµÄ¶¯Á¦, ¿ÎÌÃÆø·Õ»îÔ¾, ʦÉúÖ®¼ä¡¢Ñ§Éú֮ǰ½øÐÐÁËÁ¼ÐԵĻ¥¶¯[8]¡£

¡¡¡¡“²âÊÔ”»î¶¯, ¹®¹Ìѧϰ¡£ÔÚÀíÂÛ֪ʶ½²½âÍêºó, ±ÊÕßͨ¹ý½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÌí¼Ó“²âÊÔ”»î¶¯, ÔÚ“²âÊÔ”Öе¼ÈëËæÌòâÑé, °üº¬5µÀµ¥Ñ¡Ìâ, 5µÀ¶àÑ¡ÌâºÍ5µÀÅжÏÌâ, µ¥Ñ¡ºÍÅжÏÿÌâ1·Ö, ¶àÑ¡ÌâÿÌâ2·Ö¡£×÷Ϊ½Ìʦ, ÓÐȨÏÞ¶Ô“²âÊÔ”»î¶¯½øÐб༭, ÉèÖòâÊÔʱ¼äΪ15·ÖÖÓ, ÌâÄ¿ÂÒÐò, ·ÀÖ¹»¥ÏàÖ®¼ä³­Ï®, ²âÊԻ½áÊøºó¿ÉÒԲ鿴ÕýÈ·´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö, ½«¸Ã´Î»î¶¯µÄ¾­ÑéÖµÉèÖÃΪ10, ¸ù¾ÝѧÉúµÄµÃ·ÖÇé¿ö»ñÈ¡ÏàÓ¦µÄ¾­ÑéÖµ¡£15·ÖÖÓ“²âÊÔ”»î¶¯½áÊøºó, APP»á×Ô¶¯Éú³É½á¹û·ÖÎö, ¶ÔÈ«°àѧÉúµÄ³É¼¨°´·ÖÊý´Ó¸ßµ½µÍ¡¢ÓÃʱ´Ó¿ìµ½Âý½øÐÐÅÅÐò, ÒÔҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷»ù´¡Õâ½Ú¿ÎΪÀý, È«°à86ÃûѧÉúµÄƽ¾ù´ðÌâʱ¼äΪ10·ÖÖÓ, ƽ¾ù·ÖÊýΪ15·Ö, ´ËÍâAPP»¹»á¸æÖª½Ìʦ15µÀ²âÑéÌâÿÌâµÄÕýÈ·ÂÊ, ½á¹ûÏÔʾÔÚ¶àÑ¡ÌâÖÐ, ѧÉú¶ÔÒ»´ÎÎÄÏס¢¶þ´ÎÎÄÏס¢Èý´ÎÎÄÏ×ÈýÕßµÄÇø·ÖÈÝÒײúÉú»ìÏý, ÕýÈ·ÂʽöΪ18%, Òò´Ë±ÊÕßÔÚÖ®ºóµÄ´ð°¸½²½âʱ, Õë¶ÔÕⲿ·ÖÄÚÈݽøÐÐÁËÓÐÕë¶ÔÐԵĽ²½â¡£¿É¼û, ½«½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÓ¦Óõ½Ò©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷µÄ½ÌѧÖÐ, ³ä·Ö·¢»ÓÁËÖÇÄÜÊÖ»úµÄ±ã½ÝÐÔ¡£

¡¡¡¡2.3 ¿Îºó½Ìѧ»î¶¯µÄ¹¹½¨

¡¡¡¡´ðÒÉÓëÌÖÂÛ:Ôڿκó, ±ÊÕßÔڻ¹¦ÄÜÖÐÌí¼Ó“´ðÒÉ/ÌÖÂۻ”, ¸Ã»î¶¯ÀàËÆÓÚ΢ÐÅȺÓëQQȺ, ѧÉú¿ÉÒÔÔڸûÖÐ×ÔÓÉÌÖÂÛÌý¿Îʱ²úÉúµÄÎÊÌâ, ½Ìʦ¿ÉÒÔÕë¶ÔѧÉúµÄÎÊÌâ½øÐдðÒÉ, ÓÐÀàËÆÒÉÎʵÄѧÉú¶¼¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½Ê¦ÉúµÄÌÖÂۺʹðÒÉ, ÓÐÀûÓÚѧÉú¶ÔÊÚ¿ÎÄÚÈݵÄÏû»¯ÎüÊÕ¡£´ËÍâ, ±ÊÕßÔڻ¹¦ÄÜÖÐÌí¼Ó“×÷Òµ/ÈÎÎñС×é»î¶¯”, ²ÉȡѧÉú×ÔÓÉ×éºÏÐÎʽ½«Ñ§Éú4ÈË»®·ÖΪһ¸öС×é, ÒÔС×éΪµ¥Î»ÔڿκóÍê³É½Ìʦ²¼ÖõÄ×÷Òµ²¢Ìá½»¡£ÀýÈç, ÔÚ½²½â¼ìË÷;¾¶ÕâÒ»Õ½ÚÄÚÈݺó, ÒªÇóѧÉúС×éÿ×éÑ¡ÔñÒ»¸ö¼ìË÷;¾¶, ÔÚCNKIÊý¾Ý¿âÖмìË÷Ïà¹ØҩѧÎÄÏ×, ½«¼ìË÷½á¹ûµÄ±¨¸æͨ¹ý½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÌá½»¸ø½Ìʦ, ½Ìʦ¿ÉÒÔ¼°Ê±ÅúÔÄѧÉúµÄ×÷Òµ, ¶ÔѧÉú¼¯Öб©Â¶µÄÎÊÌâ, ÔÚϽڿÎÖнøÐÐÖص㽲½â, ½ÌʦµÄ½Ìѧ¹ÜÀíÄÜÁ¦µÃµ½¼ÓÇ¿, ½ÌѧÖÊÁ¿Ìá¸ß¡£

¡¡¡¡¿Î³ÌȦÍØ¿íÁËʦÉúµÄ֪ʶÊÓÒ°:ÔÚÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøʱ´ú, ÍøÂçÉç½»¶Ô´óѧÉú²úÉúÁ˾޴óµÄÎüÒýÁ¦¡£Ëùν“ÎïÒÔÀà¾Û, ÈËÒÔȺ·Ö”, ΢ÐÅÅóÓÑȦ¡¢QQ¿Õ¼ä¡¢Î¢²©¡¢ÈËÈËÍøµÈÓÉÊìÈ˹Øϵ¡¢¹¤×÷¹ØϵÓëÐËȤ°®ºÃÁªÏµÔÚÒ»Æð¹¹½¨µÄÍøÂçÉ罻ƽ̨ÔÚ´óѧÉúµÄÉú»îÖÐÕ¼ÓÐÖØÒªµØλ¡£ÔÚÕâЩƽ̨ÉÏ, ´óѧÉú»¥Ïàת·¢ÓÐȤ»òÓÐÒâÒåµÄÎÄÕÂ, ·ÖÏí×Ô¼ºµÄÉú»î¸ÐÎò, »ñÈ¡¸÷ÖÖ¸÷ÑùµÄÓÐÓÃÐÅÏ¢, “µãÔÞ”“ÆÀÂÛ”“ת·¢”“ͶƱ”µÈ³ÉΪ´óѧÉúµÄÒ»ÖÖʱÉС£»ùÓÚÍøÂçÉç½»ÉÏÊöµÄÓÅÊÆ, ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÄÚÖÃÓпγÌȦ¹¦ÄÜ, Ôڸù¦ÄÜÏÂ, ½ÌʦºÍѧÉú¿ÉÒÔ´´½¨»ò¼ÓÈëÏà¹Ø¿Î³ÌµÄ¿Î³ÌȦ, ¿Î³ÌȦÄڵijÉÔ±À´×ÔÈ«¹ú¸÷µØ¸ßУµÄ½ÌʦºÍѧÉú, ´ó¼Ò»¥ÏàÖ®¼ä¿ÉÒÔ·ÖÏíÓÐÓõÄѧϰ×ÊÁÏ¡¢»î¶¯¡¢×÷Òµ½á¹ûµÈ, ÍØ¿íÁËʦÉúµÄ֪ʶÊÓÒ°¡£

¡¡¡¡3 È¡µÃµÄ½Ìѧ³ÉЧ

¡¡¡¡3.1 ¼ÓǿʦÉú»¥¶¯, ÌáÉýѧϰÐËȤ

¡¡¡¡ÔÚ¿ÎÇ°½Ìѧ»î¶¯ÖÐ, ÎÒÃÇͨ¹ý½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPµÄ×ÊÔ´·ÖÏí¹¦ÄÜ, ÌáÇ°·¢²¼±¾ÌÿεĿμþ, ½èÖúÓڿμþ¿ÉÒÔÈÃѧÉú¿ÎǰԤϰ±¾ÌÿεÄÄÚÈÝ¡£Ñ§ÉúԤϰºó´ø×ÅÒÉÎÊÀ´Ìý¿Î, ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÆäÌá¸ßѧϰ֪ʶµÄÕë¶ÔÐÔ¡£ÔÚ¿ÎÉϽÌѧ»î¶¯ÖÐ, ͨ¹ý“Í·ÄԷ籩”, ´ó¼ÒΧÈÆÒ»¸öÖ÷ÌâÀ´¸÷Ê㼺¼û, ѧÉú¶ÀÁ¢Ë¼¿¼¡¢¶ÀÁ¢·¢ÑÔ, ¼È¶ÍÁ¶ÁË˼±æÄÜÁ¦ÓÖ¼ÓÉîÁ˶Ô֪ʶµãµÄÀí½â¡£´ËÍâ, ¿ÎÉϽèÖúÓÚ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄС²âÑé, ¾ÍÏñÊÇСÓÎÏ·Ò»Ñù, ѧÉú²ÎÓëµÄ»ý¼«ÐԷdz£¸ß, ¹®¹ÌÁ˶Ô֪ʶµãµÄÎüÊÕ¡£Ôڿκó½Ìѧ»î¶¯ÖÐ, ÎÒÃǽ«ÓëÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷Ïà¹ØµÄÐÂÎÅ¡¢²©¿Í¡¢ÊÓƵµÈ×ÊÁÏͨ¹ý¸ÃAPPÍÆË͸øѧÉú, ͨ¹ý¹ã·º½Ó´¥ÕâЩ¿ÎÍâ×ÊÁÏ, ѧÉú¶ÔҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÕâÃÅ¿ÎÓÐÁ˸üΪϵͳµÄÈÏʶ¡£×îºó, ѧÉúͨ¹ý½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPµÄ¿Î³ÌȦ¹¦ÄÜ, ÓëÀÏʦ¡¢Í¬Ñ§Ò»Æð¹µÍ¨½»Á÷±¾ÃſεÄѧϰÐĵÃ, ÍØ¿íÁËÆä֪ʶÊÓÒ°¡£¾­¹ýÎʾíµ÷²é, ѧÉúÆÕ±é¾õµÃÕâÖÖ»ùÓÚ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄ»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧ, ÔöÇ¿ÁËÆä¶ÔÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÄÜÁ¦µÄÖØÊÓ, ʦÉú»¥¶¯¸ü½ôÃÜ, ѧϰ¹ý³Ì±äµÃÉú¶¯Á¢Ìå, ÌáÉýÁËÆä¶Ô±¾Ãſγ̵ÄѧϰÐËȤ¡£

¡¡¡¡3.2 ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÄÜÁ¦Ìá¸ß

¡¡¡¡Ò©Ñ§ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÊÇÒ»ÃÅʵ¼ùÐÔºÜÇ¿µÄ¿Î³Ì, ѧÉúÔÚ¿ÎÉÏѧµ½µÄÀíÂÛ֪ʶ±ØÐ뾡¿ì¼ÓÒÔÓ¦ÓÃʵ¼ù²ÅÄÜ´ïµ½½ÌѧĿµÄ[9]¡£ÓÉÓÚÌõ¼þËùÏÞ, ±ÊÕßËùÔÚ²¿ÃÅĿǰûÓÐרÃÅÓÃÓÚÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷µÄ¼ÆËã»úÍøÂç¼ìË÷ÊÒ, ѧÉú¶¼ÊÇÔÚÀíÂۿκó×ÔÐе½Í¼Êé¹Ý»òËÞÉá½øÐÐÉÏ»ú²Ù×÷ʵ¼ù, ÈÔÈ»²»ÄÜÊìÁ·ÔËÓüÆËã»úÍøÂç¼ìË÷¹¤¾ß¡£±ÊÕß¾­¹ýµ÷Ñз¢ÏÖ, Ëæ×ÅÖÇÄÜÊÖ»úµÄÆÕ¼°, Ä¿Ç°³£¼ûµÄ¼ìË÷¹¤¾ß¶¼·¢²¼ÁËÊÖ»ú¼ìË÷¹¤¾ßAPP, ½áºÏÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP, ÎÒÃÇͨ¹ýÔÚ¿ÎÌÃÉÏ´´½¨×÷Òµ/С×éÈÎÎñ»î¶¯, ½ÌʦÔÚ½²½âÀíÂÛ֪ʶµãºóÂíÉϲ¼ÖöÔÓ¦µÄ¼ìË÷ÈÎÎñ, ѧÉúͨ¹ýAPP¼ìË÷¹¤¾ß½øÐмìË÷, ½«¼ìË÷±¨¸æͨ¹ýÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP½øÐÐÌá½», ½ÌʦÔÙ¶ÔѧÉúÌá½»µÄ¼ìË÷×÷Òµ½øÐеãÆÀ, ¿ÎºóѧÉúÔÙÉÏ»ú²Ù×÷½øÐй®¹Ìѧϰ¡£Í¨¹ýÉÏÊöÊÖ¶Î, ÎÒÃÇÀûÓýÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÒýµ¼Ñ§Éú³ä·ÖÍÚ¾òÒƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøµÄÓÅÊÆ, ÀíÂÛÓëʵ¼ùÏà½áºÏ, ´ÓѧÉú¼ìË÷×÷ÒµµÄ·´À¡À´¿´, ѧÉúÁé»îÕÆÎÕÁ˸÷ÖÖ¼ìË÷;¾¶µÄÔËÓÃ, ÎÄÏײéÈ«ÂÊÌá¸ß10%, ¼ìË÷ÄÜÁ¦µÃµ½Ìá¸ß¡£

¡¡¡¡3.3 Ç¿»¯½Ìѧ¹ÜÀí, ±ãÓÚ¿ªÕ¹ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û

¡¡¡¡ÔÚÖƶ¨¿¼ºË·½°¸ÉÏ, ÎÒÃǽ«±¾Ãſγ̵ijɼ¨·ÖΪÆÚÄ©³É¼¨ºÍƽʱ³É¼¨Á½²¿·Ö, ÆÚÄ©³É¼¨Õ¼60%, ÆÚÖгɼ¨Õ¼40%, ÆÚÖгɼ¨ÒÔÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û·½Ê½½øÐп¼ºË¡£Ï£Íûͨ¹ýÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼ÛÅàÑøѧÉú·ÖÎö¡¢½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦, Ìá¸ßѧÉúµÄѧϰЧÂÊ, ¼°Ê±·´À¡½ÌѧЧ¹û, ´Ùʹ½Ìʦ¸Ä½ø½Ìѧ·½·¨, º»Êµ½Ìѧ¹ÜÀíÄÜÁ¦¡£¾¡¹ÜÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û¾ß±¸Ðí¶àÓŵã, µ«ÊÇÔÚ¾ßÌåµÄʵʩ¹ý³ÌÖÐ, ½ÌʦÄÑÃâÒò¹¤×÷Á¿Ì«´óÎÞ·¨±£Öʱ£Á¿Íê³ÉÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û¹¤×÷, ´Ó¶øʹÆÀ¼ÛÁ÷ÓÚÐÎʽ[10]¡£ÎÒÃÇͨ¹ý»ùÓÚ½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄ»ìºÏʽ½ÌѧºÜºÃµØ½â¾öÁËÉÏÊöÎÊÌâ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÎÒÃǽ«ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û·½°¸·ÖΪ:³öÇÚ¡¢¿ÎÌñíÏÖ¡¢ËæÌòâÑé¡¢¿Îºó×÷ÒµËĸö²¿·Ö, ÿ¸ö²¿·Öռƽʱ³É¼¨µÄ25%¡£»ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄ½Ìѧ»î¶¯Óëƽʱ³É¼¨µÄËĸö²¿·ÖÏà¶ÔÓ¦¡£×÷ΪÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼ÛµÄÒ»ÖÖÁ¿»¯²Î¿¼, APP»á¸ù¾ÝѧÉúµÄ²ÎÓë³Ì¶ÈÓëѧϰ±íÏÖÉú³É¾­ÑéÖµ, ½«Ñ§ÉúµÄѧϰЧ¹û¿Í¹Û¹«Õý¡¢¼òÃ÷Ö±½ÓµØÌåÏÖ³öÀ´¡£´ËÍâ, ÔÚÕû¸ö½Ìѧ¹ý³ÌÖÐ, ¸ÃAPP¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯Éú³É²¢µ¼³öEXCEL¸ñʽµÄÊý¾Ý»ã×ܱ¨¸æ, ÆäÖаüº¬ÓÐÈ«ÌåѧÉúµÄ¿¼ÇÚÇé¿ö¡¢²âÊԳɼ¨¡¢×÷ÒµÇé¿ö¡¢×ÊԴѧϰÇé¿öµÈÏà¹ØÊý¾Ý, °ïÖú½Ìʦ½øÐÐѧÇé·ÖÎö, ¸Ä½ø½Ìѧ·½·¨, ·¢»ÓÁËÐÅÏ¢»¯½ÌѧµÄ±ã½ÝÐÔ, ÓÐÖúÓڿγ̵ĽÌѧ¹ÜÀí¡£

¡¡¡¡×ÛÉÏËùÊö, ÔÚҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷µÄ½ÌѧÖÐ, »ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹»ìºÏʽ½Ìѧ, ¹¹½¨¿ÎÇ°¡¢¿ÎÉÏ¡¢¿Îºó½Ìѧ»î¶¯, Ìá¸ßÁËѧÉúµÄѧϰÐËȤºÍÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÄÜÁ¦, Ç¿»¯Á˽Ìѧ¹ÜÀí, ÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼ÛµÃÒԹ᳹, ÊÕµ½ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û (ͼ2) ¡£

¡¡¡¡Í¼2 »ùÓÚÊÖ»ú½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPP¿ªÕ¹µÄ»ìºÏʽ½ÌѧµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û

¡¡¡¡4 ½áÓï

¡¡¡¡ÔÚCNKIÊý¾Ý¿âÖмìË÷ÒÔ“½ÌѧAPP”ΪÖ÷ÌâµÄÎÄÏ×ÊýÁ¿, 2015ÄêΪ22ƪ, 2016Äê74ƪ, 2017ÄêÉÏÉýΪ133ƪ, ¿É¼û½ÌѧÖúÊÖÀàAPPÒ»¾­ÍƹãʹÓÃ, ÒÑÊܵ½Ô½À´Ô½¶àµÄ¹Ø×¢¡£µ«Ò²Ó¦¿´µ½, »ùÓÚ¸ÃÀàAPP½øÐеÄÐÅÏ¢»¯½ÌѧҲ´æÔÚ×ÅһЩÉдý½â¾öµÄÎÊÌâ, ÀýÈç:ÕâÖÖÐÅÏ¢»¯½Ìѧ¶Ô½ÌʦµÄÐÅÏ¢ËØÑøÌá³ö½Ï¸ßµÄÒªÇó, ½ÌʦÐèҪת±ä¹ÌÓÐ˼ά·½Ê½, ´Ó¹ÛÄîÉϽÓÊÜÕâÖÖ´´Ð½Ìѧģʽ;ÕâÖÖÐÅÏ¢»¯½Ìѧ¶ÔѧУµÄÍøÂç»·¾³ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÒªÇó, ÓÐʱһЩ×ÊÔ´ÎļþµÄ´æ´¢Ìå»ý½Ï´ó, ÐèÒªÔÚÓÐÃâ·ÑWi-FiµÄ³¡¾°Ï½øÐÐ, Èç¹û½ÌÊÒµÄÊÖ»úÐźŲ»ºÃ, Ò²»áÓ°ÏìÊڿεÄÕý³£½øÐÐ;ÕâÖÖÐÅÏ¢»¯½ÌѧÔÚÉϿιý³ÌÖÐÒªÇóѧÉúʹÓÃÖÇÄÜÊÖ»ú, ÕâÑù»áµ¼Ö¸ö±ðѧÉú͵͵ʹÓÃÊÖ»úÍæÓÎÏ·¡¢ÁÄÌìµÈ, Ó°Ïìѧϰ[11]¡£Òò´Ë, ΪÁË´ïµ½×î¼ÑµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û, Ð轫ÕâÖÖÐÅÏ¢»¯½ÌѧºÍ´«Í³½Ìѧ½áºÏÔÚÒ»Æð, ·¢»Ó¶þÕßµÄÓÅÊÆ, È¡³¤²¹¶Ì, ÐγÉÌØÉ«µÄ»ìºÏ½Ìѧģʽ, ʹѧÉúѧϰÐËȤ¸ßÕÇ, ʹѧÇ鼰ʱ׼ȷ·´À¡¸ø½Ìʦ, ʹ½ÌʦÓëѧÉúÐγÉÁ¼ÐÔ»¥¶¯, ÕâÑù±Ø½«ÊÕµ½Á¼ºÃµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û¡£

¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
¡¡¡¡[1]¸ð¾´Ãñ.ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î¿ªÉè30ÄêµÄ»Ø¹Ë[J].´óѧͼÊé¹Ýѧ±¨, 2014 (4) :98-102.
¡¡¡¡[2]ãÆС·É, ÄþÆôÀ¼, Ö£·¼, µÈ.ҽѧÉúרҵÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¼°ÔĶÁ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦µ÷ÑÐÓëÌáÉý·½·¨Ì½ÌÖ[J].ҽѧ½ÌÓýÑо¿Óëʵ¼ù, 2018 (1) :24-27.
¡¡¡¡[3]ÕÔÆôîì, ÊæÀÖÐÂ, µËÑãÈç, µÈ.ҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î³Ì½Ìѧ̽ÌÖ[J].ÖйúÖÐÒ½Ò©ÏÖ´úÔ¶³Ì½ÌÓý, 2013, 11 (13) :64-66.
¡¡¡¡[4]ÃÏæÃæÃ.¹ØÓÚÀ¶Ä«ÔÆ°à¿ÎÔÚ½Ìѧ¹ý³ÌÖÐÓ¦Óõļ¸µã˼¿¼[J].ÑÇÌ«½ÌÓý, 2016 (15) :114.
¡¡¡¡[5]Ù¡ÑÒ, ±ÏÓñÏÀ, ÐìÓ±·å.ҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½ÌѧÏÖ×´·ÖÎö¼°¸Ä¸ï²ßÂÔ[J].¿Æ¼¼Ç鱨¿ª·¢Óë¾­¼Ã, 2008 (30) :73-74.
¡¡¡¡[6]¸ðÌÎ.ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷½ÌѧÏÖ×´µÄµ÷ÑÐÓë˼¿¼[J].ҩѧ½ÌÓý, 2011 (5) :60-62.
¡¡¡¡[7]ÍõÓÀ¾ü, ´ÞÊçÕê, Öܼһª.½ôÃÜÁªÏµÊµ¼ÊÌá¸ßҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷¿Î½Ìѧˮƽ[J].ÖÐÄÏҩѧ, 2016 (10) :1146-1148.
¡¡¡¡[8]ËïÁá, Óڹ㻪, ÕÅСÃÉ, µÈ.Òƶ¯»¥ÁªÍøÂç»·¾³ÏµĸöÐÔ»¯Ñ§Ï°½ÌѧģʽÑо¿[J].ҩѧ½ÌÓý, 2017 (2) :57-59.
¡¡¡¡[9]Ìï·çϼ, ÕÔÀöÓ¢, ÕÅÃ÷, µÈ.µØ·½ÔºÐ£ÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÓëÂÛÎÄд×÷¿Î³Ì½ÌѧģʽµÄ̽ÌÖ[J].½ÌÓý¹Û²ì (ÉÏ°ëÔÂ) , 2017, 6 (1) :106-108.
¡¡¡¡[10]ÕԵ³É.½ÌѧÖеÄÐγÉÐÔÆÀ¼Û:ÊÇʲô¼°ÈçºÎÍƽø[J].½ÌÓý¿ÆѧÑо¿, 2013 (3) :47-51.
¡¡¡¡[11]ÕÅ´Ï.À¶Ä«ÔÆ°à¿Îƽ̨ÔÚ¸ßÖ°ÄÚ¿Æ»¤Àí¿ÎÌýÌѧ»·½ÚÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ[J].µ±´ú½ÌÓýʵ¼ùÓë½ÌѧÑо¿, 2017 (9) :25-26.

Ô­Îijö´¦£º¸ð¾ü,ºÎÓÀÖ¾,ºÎÐÂ,µËÑãÈç,ÈÎÏþÁÁ,IJ¼Ñ¼Ñ.½ÌѧÖúÊÖAPPÔÚҩѧÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷½ÌѧÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ[J].ҽѧ½ÌÓýÑо¿Óëʵ¼ù,2018,26(06):926-929+961.
Ïà¹ØÄÚÈÝÍƼö
Ïà¹Ø±êÇ©£º
·µ»Ø£ºÎÄÏ×¼ìË÷ÂÛÎÄ