物理教学论文

您当前的位置:学术堂 > 物理论文 > 物理教学论文 >

原子核结构与转动原子核研究历史(4)

来源:学术堂 作者:原来是喵
发布于:2016-11-05 共13737字
  5小结
  
  由于篇幅所限,还有许多重要进展没有展开介绍。例如,关于超重原子核和新核素的研究, Thoen-nessen制作了一个表格,针对不同国家和个人在合成新元素和新核素的贡献,给了一个排名。美国发现1316个原子核,高居榜首。中国排名12,一共发现27个原子核[71].关于奇特原子核的研究,本专辑中龙文辉[72]和孙亭亭[18]等人的文章会有涉及。
  
  作为原子核物理中的协变密度泛函理论讲习班,这里介绍的核物理面临的主要问题,都应该有解决相应问题的的思路或结果。同时,协变密度泛函理论本身也应该不断发展和完善。李剑[73]介绍了协变密度泛函理论对原子核磁矩的研究。龙炳蔚[74]介绍了手征核力,未来手征核力与协变密度泛函理论结合是核物理重要发展趋势。关于原子核激发性质的研究,可以参见吴华等人[75],房栋梁[76],王章银等人[77]的文章。关于核物质的研究,包括n-p对关联,对称能,奇异夸克,温度效应等,孙保元[78],董建敏[79],尚新乐[80],夏铖君[81],刘朗[82]等人都会在本专辑中对相关专题进行介绍。同时,利用协变密度泛函理论,张炜对如何解决“镭之谜”进行了探索[83].
  
  2015年是中子晕现象发现30周年,意大利于7月20日,在比萨针对本科生举办了一个讲习班,题目是Re-writing Nuclear Physics textbooks: 30 years ofradioactive ion beam physics.具体内容可以参见网页:http://exotic2015.df.unipi.it.既然放射性核束物理能够重新改写核物理教科书,这方面的进展和成就自然不少,感兴趣的同事和同学可以关注一下。
  
  参考文献:
  1 Meng J, Guo J Y, Li J, et al. Covariant density functional theory in nuclear physics (in Chinese)。 Prog Phys, 2011, 31: 199–336 [孟杰,郭建友,李剑,等。原子核物理中的协变密度泛函理论。物理学进展, 2011, 31: 199–336]
  2 The Nuclear Structure division of Chinese Nuclear Physics Society. Nuclear structure physics in China for the last two decades (in Chinese)。 HighEnerg Phys Nucl Phys, 2006, 30: 1–13 [中国核物理学会核结构专业委员会。核结构研究的几个里程碑与中国核结构研究20年。高能物理与核物理, 2006, 30, Supp. II: 1–13]
  3 Meng J, Toki H, Zhou S G, et al. Relativistic continuum Hartree Bogoliubov theory for ground-state properties of exotic nuclei. Prog Part NuclPhys, 2006, 57: 470–563
  4 Liang H Z, Meng J, Zhou S G. Hidden pseudospin and spin symmetries and their origins in atomic nuclei. Phys Rep, 2015, 570: 1–84
  5 Rutherford E. The scattering ofαandβparticles by matter and the structure of the atom. Phil Mag, 1911, 21: 669–688
  6 Chadwick J. Possible existent of the neutron. Nature, 1932, 129: 312
  7 von Weizsaecker C F. Zur Theorie der Kernmassen. Zeitschrift für Physik (in German), 1935, 96: 431–458
  8 Li B A, Chen L W, Ko C M. Recent progress and new challenges in isospin physics with heavy-ion reactions. Phys Rep, 2008, 464: 113–281
  9 Wanga N, Liu M, Wu X Z, et al. Surface diffuseness correction in global mass formula. Phys Lett B, 2014, 734: 215–219
  10 Zeng J Y. Radius of nuclear charge distribution and nuclear binding energy. Acta Phys Sin, 1957, 13: 357–364
  11 Zhang S Q, Meng J, Zhou S G, et al. Isospin and Z1/3-dependence of the nuclear charge radii. Eur Phys J A, 2002, 13: 285–289
  12 Goeppert-Mayer M. On closed shells in nuclei. II. Phys Rev, 1949, 75: 1969–1970
  13 Haxel O, Jensen J H D, Suess H E. On the “magic numbers” in nuclear structure. Phys Rev, 1949, 75: 1766
  14 Nilsson S G. Binding states of individual nucleons in strongly deformed nuclei. Dan Mat Fys Medd, 1955, 29: 1–69
  15 Arima A, Harvey M, Shimizu K. Pseudo LS coupling and pseudo SU3coupling schemes. Phys Lett B, 1969, 30: 517–522
  16 Hecht K, Adler A. Generalized seniority for favored J   0 pairs in mixed configurations. Nucl Phys A, 1969, 137: 129–143
  17 Li D P, Guo J Y. Progress on relativistic symmetries by similarity renormalization group (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46:012005 [李冬鹏,郭建友。类重整化群方法研究相对论对称性的进展。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012005]
  18 Sun T T. Green's function method in covariant density functional theory (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012006 [孙亭亭。格林函数协变密度泛函理论及其应用。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012006]
  19 Liu Q, Shi M, Guo J Y. Progress in research of the complex scaling method (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012007 [刘泉,仕敏,郭建友。复标度方法研究共振态的进展。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012007]
  20 Meng J, Sugawara-Tanabe K, Yamaji S, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in relativistic mean field theory. Phys Rev C, 1998, 58: R628–R631
  21 Meng J, Sugawara-Tanabe K, Yamaji S, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in Zr and Sn isotopes from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line. PhysRev C, 1999, 59: 154–163
  22 Chen T S, L ¨u H F, Meng J, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in relativistic framework with harmonic oscillator potential and Woods-Saxon potential.Chin Phys Lett, 2003, 20: 358–361
  23 Zhou S G, Meng J, Ring P. Spin symmetry in the antinucleon spectrum. Phys Rev Lett, 2003, 91: 262501
  24 L ¨u B N, Zhao E G, Zhou S G, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in single particle resonant states. Phys Rev Lett, 2012, 109: 072501
  25 Long W H, Sagawa H, Meng J, et al. Pseudo-spin symmetry in density-dependent relativistic Hartree-Fock theory. Phys Lett B, 2006, 639:242–247
  26 Guo J Y, Chen S W, Niu Z M, et al. Probing the symmetries of the Dirac Hamiltonian with axially deformed scalar and vector potentials bysimilarity renormalization group. Phys Rev Lett, 2014, 112: 062502
  27 Liang H Z, Shen S H, Zhao P W, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in supersymmetric quantum mechanics: Schr ¨odinger equations. Phys Rev C, 2013,87: 014334
  28 Shen S H, Liang H Z, Zhao P W, et al. Pseudospin symmetry in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. II. Spin-orbit effects. Phys Rev C, 2013,88: 024311
  29 Zhou S G. Single particle states in the Fermi sea and Dirac sea in Spherical Nuclei (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012003 [周善贵。费米海与狄拉克海中的单粒子态-从球形核狄拉克方程说起。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012003]
  30 Zhou S G, Meng J, and Ring P. Spherical relativistic Hartree theory in a Woods-Saxon basis. Phys Rev C, 2003, 68: 034323
  31 Yang L M, Yu M. Lectures on Nuclear Theory (in Chinese)。 Beijing: Peking University Press, 2004 [杨立铭,于敏。原子核理论讲义(重排本)。北京:北京大学出版社, 2004]
  32 Bethe H A. Nuclear many-body problem. Phys Rev, 1956, 103: 1353–1390
  33 Brueckner K A, Levinson C A, Mahmoud H M. Two-body forces and nuclear saturation. I. Central forces. Phys Rev, 1954, 95: 217–228
  34 Fujita J, Miyazawa H. Pion theory of three-body forces. Prog Theor Phys, 1957, 17: 360–365
  35 Skyrme T. The effective nuclear potential. Nucl Phys, 1959, 9: 615–634
  36 Arima A, Horie H. Configuration mixing and magnetic moments of nuclei. Prog Theor Phys, 1954, 12: 623–641
  37 Duerr H P. Relativistic effects in nuclear forces. Phys Rev, 1956, 103: 469–480
  38 Bohr A, Mottelson B, Pines D. Possible analogy between the excitation spectra of nuclei and those of the superconducting metallic state. PhysRev, 1958, 110: 936–938
  39 Bohr A, Mottelson B. Nuclear structure. Volume II. Nuclear deformations, 1975
  40 Wu C S, Zeng J Y. New expressions for the collective excitation spectra in even-even nuclei. Commun Theor Phys, 1987, 8: 51–74
  41 Holmberg P, Lipas P O. A new formula for rotational energies. Nucl Phys, 1967, A117: 552–560
  42 Mallmann C. System of levels in even-even nuclei. Phys Rev Lett, 1959, 2: 507–509
  43 Meng J, Wu C S, Zeng J Y. Deviation of the SUq(2) prediction from observations in even-even deformed nuclei. Phys Rev C, 1991, 44: 2545–2551
  44 Zeng J Y, Meng J, Wu C S, et al. Spin determination and quantized alignment in the superdeformed bands in152Dy,151Tb, and150Gd. Phys RevC, 1991, 44: R1745–R1748
  45 Johnson A, Ryde H, Sztarkier J. Evidence for a “singularity” in the nuclear rotational band structure. Phys Lett B, 1971, 34: 605–608
  46 Mottelson B R, Valatin J G. Effect of nuclear rotation on the pairing correlation. Phys Rev Lett, 1960, 5: 511–512
  47 Stephens F S, Simon R S. Coriolis effects in the yrast states. Nucl Phys A, 1972, 183: 257–284
  48 Neergd K, Pashkevich V, Frauendorf S. Shell energies of rapidly rotating nuclei. Nucl Phys A, 1976, 262: 61–90
  49 Andersson G, Larsson S, Leander G, et al. Nuclear shell structure at very high angular momentum. Nucl Phys A, 1976, 268: 205–256
  50 Twin P, Nyako B, Nelson A, et al. Observation of a discrete-line superdeformed band up to 60 h in152Dy. Phys Rev Lett, 1986, 57: 811–814
  51 Frauendorf S, Meng J, Reif J. Tilted cranking. In: Deleplanque M A, ed. Proceedings of the Conference on Physics From Largeγ-Ray DetectorArrays. Berkeley: University of California, 1994. II- LBL35687: 52
  52 Madokoro H, Meng J, Matsuzaki M, et al. Relativistic mean field description for the shears band mechanism in84Rb. Phys Rev C, 2000, 62:061301
  53 Peng J, Meng J, Ring P, et al. Covariant density functional theory for magnetic rotation. Phys Rev C, 2008, 78: 024313
  54 Zhao P W, Li Z P, Yao J M, et al. New parametrization for the nuclear covariant energy density functional with a point-coupling interaction. PhysRev C, 2010, 82: 054319
  55 Zhao P W, Zhang S Q, Peng J, et al. Novel structure for magnetic rotation bands in60Ni. Phys Lett B, 2011, 699: 181–186
  56 Zhao P W, Peng J, Liang H Z, et al. Antimagnetic rotation band in nuclei: A microscopic description. Phys Rev Lett, 2011, 107: 122501
  57 Meng J, Peng J, Zhang S Q, et al. Progress on tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory for nuclear magnetic and antimagneticrotation. Front Phys, 2013, 8: 55–79
  58 Wang S Y. Several interesting phenomena on high-spin states: Electric rotation, stapler band, shear band and pseudospin partner bands (in Chinese)。Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012011 [王守宇。原子核高自旋态中几个感兴趣的物理现象:从电转动带到订书机带再到剪刀带,赝自旋双带。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012011]
  59 Xu W Q, Peng J. Progress on microcosmic investigation for magnetic and antimagnetic rotation (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016,46: 012012 [徐文强,彭婧。原子核磁转动和反磁转动的微观研究。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012012]
  60 Qi B, Jia H. Chiral rotational model with multi-quasi-particle configuration (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012014 [亓斌,贾慧。多准粒子组态的手征转动模型。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012014]
  61 Frauendorf S, Meng J. Tilted rotation of triaxial nuclei. Nucl Phys A, 1997, 617: 131–147
  62 Starosta K, Koike T, Chiara C J, et al. Chiral doublet structures in odd-odd N=75 isotones: Chiral vibrations. Phys Rev Lett, 2001, 86: 971–974
  63 Wang S Y, Qi B, Liu L, et al. The first candidate for chiral nuclei in the mass region:80Br. Phys Lett B, 2011, 703: 40–45
  64 Li X F, Ma Y J, Liu Y Z, et al. Search for the chiral band in the N =71 odd-odd nucleus126Cs. Chin Phys Lett, 2002, 19: 1779–1781
  65 Wang S Y, Liu Y Z, Komatsubara T, et al. Candidate chiral doublet bands in the odd-odd nucleus126Cs. Phys Rev C, 2006, 74: 017302
  66 Meng J, Peng J, Zhang S Q, et al. Possible existence of multiple chiral doublets in106Rh. Phys Rev C, 2006, 73: 037303
  67 Ayangeakaa A D, Garg U, Anthony M D, et al. Evidence for multiple chiral doublet bands in133Ce. Phys Rev Lett, 2013, 110: 172504
  68 Lieder E O, Lieder R M, Bark R A, et al. Resolution of chiral conundrum in106Ag: Doppler-shift lifetime investigation. Phys Rev Lett, 2014,112: 202502
  69 Kuti I, Chen Q B, Timar J, et al. Multiple chiral doublet bands of identical configuration in103Rh. Phys Rev Lett, 2014, 113: 032501
  70 Chen Q B. Collective model of chiral and wobbling modes in nuclei (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012013 [陈启博。原子核手征对称性和摇摆运动的集体模型。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012013]
  71 Thoennessen M. 2014 update of the discoveries of nuclides. Int J Mod Phys E, 2015, 24: 1530002
  72 Long W H, Yang S, Li J J. Pairing phase transition within finite-temperature relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012009 [龙文辉,杨申,李佳杰。基于有限温相对论Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov理论的对相变研究。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012009]
  73 Li J. Nuclear magnetic moments in covariant density functional theory (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012008 [李剑。协变密度泛函理论对原子核磁矩的研究。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012008]
  74 Long B W. An brief introduction to chiral nuclear forces (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012004 [龙炳蔚。手征核力简介。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012004]
  75 Wu H, Bai C L, Song Z Q. Spin-isospin collective excited states of nuclei and relevant physics quantities (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron,2016, 46: 012015 [吴华,白春林,宋曾强。原子核自旋同位旋集体激发态和相关物理量。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016,46: 012015]
  76 Fang D L. Recent results on double beta decay nuclear matrix elements on150Nd (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012016 [房栋梁。最新150Nd双贝塔衰变核矩阵元。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012016]
  77 Wang Z Y, Niu Z M. Nuclearβ-decay half-lives based on the relativistic quasiparticle random phase approximation (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-PhysMech Astron, 2016, 46: 012017 [王章银,牛中明。相对论准粒子无规相位近似对原子核 β衰变寿命的研究。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012017]
  78 Sun B Y. Symmetry energy of nuclear matter in relativistic Hartree-Fock theory (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012018 [孙保元。相对论Hartree-Fock理论中的核物质对称能。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012018]
  79 Dong J M, Zong Y Y. Neutron skin thickness and symmetry energy of nuclear matter (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012019[董建敏,宗瑶瑶。208Pb中子皮厚度与核物质对称能。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012019]
  80 Shang X L. Neutron-proton pair correlations in asymmetric nuclear matter (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012020 [尚新乐。非对称核物质中的中子-质子对关联。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012020 ]
  81 Xia C J. Strange quark matter: From strangelets to strange stars (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012021 [夏铖君。奇异夸克物质:从奇异子到奇异星。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012021]
  82 Liu L. Pairing correlations in hot nuclei (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016, 46: 012010 [刘朗。热原子核中的对关联。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012010]
  83 Zhang W, Chen X M. Exploring the “Ra puzzle” based on the covariant density functional theory (in Chinese)。 Sci Sin-Phys Mech Astron, 2016,46: 012022 [张炜,陈小敏。基于协变密度泛函理论的“镭之谜”探索。中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学, 2016, 46: 012022]
相关内容推荐
相关标签:物理学史论文
返回:物理教学论文