¡¡¡¡Õª Òª£º¡¡Î¬¼×ËáÊǶ¯ÎïÌåÄÚάÉúËØAµÄ´úлÖмä²úÎï, ÔÚ¼¹×µ¶¯ÎïÉú³¤·¢Óý, ÓÈÆäÊÇÅßÌ¥·¢Óý¹ý³ÌÖÐÓÐÖØÒª×÷Óá£Ñо¿ÁËά¼×ËáÔÚ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿¼°²»Í¬ÅßÌ¥·¢Óýʱ¼äµã¶Ô¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì, ²¢Í¨¹ý¼ì²âCyp26b1»ùÒòµÄ±í´ïˮƽ³õ²½Ì½¾¿ÁËά¼×ËáÖ»û×÷ÓõĻúÖÆ¡£½á¹ûÏÔʾ, ά¼×Ëáµ¼ÖµĹÇ÷ÀÖ»û³Ì¶ÈÓë¼ÁÁ¿³ÊÒÀÀµ¹Øϵ;ÔÐÆÚÄÚά¼×Ëᱩ¶ʱ¼ä²»Í¬, Ö»û²¿Î»Ò²²»Í¬;ά¼×ËáÄܹ»ÒýÆðÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒòµÄ±í´ïϽµ¡£Î¬¼×Ëᱩ¶¿Éµ¼Ö¹Ç÷À·¢Óý»ûÐÎ, ÕâÒ»×÷ÓÿÉÄÜÊÇͨ¹ýCyp26b1»ùÒòµÄ±í´ï±ä»¯ÒýÆðµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º¡¡Î¬¼×Ëá; Ì¥Êó; Ö»ûÐÔ; Cyp26b1»ùÒò;
¡¡¡¡Abstract£º¡¡Retinoic acid is a metabolic intermediate of vitamin A in animals. It plays an important role in the growth and development of vertebrates, especially in embryonic development. In this study, the effects of retinoic acid on skeletal development at different doses and different embryonic time were studied. The expression level of Cyp26 b1 gene was further detected to explore the mechanism of teratogenicity. The results showed that the degree of teratogenicity of skeletons was dose-dependent, and the teratogenic sites of skeletons varied with exposure time. Retinoic acid could cause decrease of the expression level of Cyp26 b1 gene. Retinoic acid can lead to skeletal malformation, which may be caused by the expression changes of Cyp26 b1 gene.
¡¡¡¡Keyword£º¡¡retinoic acid; fetal rat; teratogenicity; Cyp26b1 gene;
¡¡¡¡Î¬ÉúËØA (vitamin A) ÓÖ³ÆÊӻƴ¼, ÊǼ¹×µ¶¯ÎïÅß̥ʱÆÚϸ°ûÔöÖ³¡¢Éú³¤ºÍ·Ö»¯µÄÖØÒªÐźŷÖ×Ó¡£¶¯Îïͨ¹ýʳÎïÉãÈëάÉúËØA, ²¢¾¹ýÁ½²½ÍÑÇâÑõ»¯ÎªÎ¬¼×Ëá (retinoic acid, RA) , ά¼×ËáÔÚÉúÎïÌåÄÚÒ칹øµÄ×÷ÓÃÏÂÒÔÈ«·´Ê½Î¬¼×Ëá (alltrans retinoic acid, ATRA) ºÍ˳ʽά¼×Ëá (cis-retinoic acid, cis-RA) µÄÐÎʽ´æÔÚ[1,2]¡£Ñо¿±íÃ÷, È«·´Ê½Î¬¼×ËáÄܹ»ÓÕµ¼³É¹Çϸ°û¡¢¹ÇËè»ùÖÊϸ°û¡¢¸Éϸ°ûµÈϸ°ûµÄ·Ö»¯ÒÔ¼°¹Ç´úлÏà¹Ø»ùÒòµÄ±í´ï, ²ÎÓë¹Ç÷ÀµÄ·¢ÓýÓë´úл[3]¡£µ±Æäȱ·¦Ê±, Ëü»áÆÆ»µ³É¹Çϸ°ûÓëÆƹÇϸ°ûÖ®¼äµÄƽºâ, ÒýÆð¹ÇÖÊÔöÖ³»ò¹ÇÖʲ»ÎüÊÕ, Ôи¾Èç¹ûȱ·¦Î¬¼×Ëá»áÖ±½ÓÓ°ÏìÌ¥¶ù·¢Óý, ÉõÖÁ·¢ÉúËÀÌ¥[4]¡£È»¶øÔÚ1953Äê, Cohlan[5]±¨µÀÁËÔÐÊóÉãÈë¹ý¶àάÉúËØAµ¼ÖÂÌ¥Êó¶ÄԵȶàÖÖ»ûÐΡ£ËæºóµÄʵÑéÑо¿Ò²Ö¤Êµ, ¹ýÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¶Ô¼¹×µ¶¯ÎïÒÔ¼°Ì¥¶ùÓÐÖ»û×÷ÓÃ[6,7,8]¡£ÒÑÓÐÑо¿·¢ÏÖ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¶ÔСÊóÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»ûЧ¹û²»Í¬[9,10]¡£È»¶ø¹ØÓÚ²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚά¼×ËáÓÕµ¼µÄÌ¥Êó»ûÐεĻúÀíÑо¿½ÏÉÙ, ÇÒ²»Í¬µÄѧÕ߶ÔÓÚά¼×ËáÒýÆð¹Ç÷À»ûÐεĴúл»úÀí¹Ûµã²»¾¡Ò»ÖÂ, Òò´Ë±¾ÎÄ̽¾¿Á˲»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿¡¢²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚά¼×Ëá¶ÔСÊóÅßÌ¥Éú³¤·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì, ²¢ÊÔͼ´Ó»ùÒò²ãÃæ³õ²½Ì½¾¿Î¬¼×ËáµÄÖ»û»úÀí¡£
¡¡¡¡1¡¢ ²ÄÁÏÓë·½·¨
¡¡¡¡1.1¡¢ ʵÑ鶯Îï
¡¡¡¡ICRСÊó¹ºÓÚÕã½Ê¡ÊµÑ鶯ÎïÖÐÐÄ, ¾ËÇÑø¹Û²ì3 dºóÓÃÓÚʵÑé;ʵÑ鶯ÎïʵÑé³ÌÐò°´±¾Ð£ÊµÑ鶯ÎïÂ×Àí¹æ·¶ (2013051201) Ö´ÐС£
¡¡¡¡1.2¡¢ Ö÷ÒªÊÔ¼ÁÓëÒÇÆ÷
¡¡¡¡È«·´Ê½Î¬¼×ËṺÓÚÉϺ£µÚÁùÖÆÒ©³§, ÅúºÅ 01007;°¢ÀûÐÂÀ¶¡¢ÜçËغ칺ÓÚAmresco¹«Ë¾; RNAÌáÈ¡ÊÔ¼ÁºÐ¡¢·´×ªÂ¼ÊÔ¼ÁºÐ¡¢RT-PCRÊÔ¼ÁºÐ¹ºÓÚBio-Rad¹«Ë¾;éÏéÓ͹ºÓÚÖÐÁ¸¼¯ÍÅ;¸ÊÓÍ¡¢±ûͪµÈ¹ºÓÚ¹úÒ©¼¯ÍÅ, ·ÖÎö´¿¡£
¡¡¡¡Ö÷ÒªÒÇÆ÷:ÌåʽÏÔ΢¾µ (Nikon, ÈÕ±¾) ;̨ʽ¸ßËÙµÍÎÂÀëÐÄ»ú (Sigma, µÂ¹ú) ;Ó«¹â¶¨Á¿PCRÒÇ (Bio-Rad, ÃÀ¹ú) ¡£
¡¡¡¡1.3 ¡¢·½·¨
¡¡¡¡1.3.1¡¢ ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃ
¡¡¡¡¢Ù²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»û×÷Óá£È¡ÔÐÊó16Ö», Ëæ»ú·Ö³É4×é, ÉèÖÃ3¸öʵÑé×é (ATRA-éÏéÓÍÐüÒº, ¹àθ) ºÍ1¸öÈܼÁ¶ÔÕÕ×é (éÏéÓÍ, ¹àθ) ¡£ÊµÑé×éÔÚСÊóÈÑÉï11.5 d ·Ö±ð¹àθ10 mg/kg¡¢50 mg/kgºÍ100 mg/kgµÄATRA-éÏéÓÍÐüÒº¡£ÔÚ»³ÔÐ18.5 d, Æʸ¹, È¡³öÅßÌ¥, Ⱦɫ²¢²â¶¨Ïà¹ØÖ¸±ê¡£
¡¡¡¡¢Úά¼×Ëá¶Ô²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚµÄСÊóÅßÌ¥µÄÖ»û×÷Óá£È¡ÔÐÊó16Ö», Ëæ»ú·Ö³É4×é, ÉèÖÃ3¸öʵÑé×é (ATRA-éÏéÓÍÐüÒº, ¹àθ) ºÍ1¸öÈܼÁ¶ÔÕÕ×é (éÏéÓÍ, ¹àθ) ¡£ÊµÑé×é·Ö±ðÔÚСÊó»³ÔеÄ7.5 d¡¢11.5 d ºÍ 15.5 d ÒÔ50 mg/kgµÄ¼ÁÁ¿¹àθATRA-éÏéÓÍÐüÒº¡£ÔÚ»³ÔÐ18.5 d, Æʸ¹, È¡³öÅßÌ¥, Ⱦɫ²¢²â¶¨Ïà¹ØÖ¸±ê¡£
¡¡¡¡1.3.2¡¢ Ì¥Êó¹Ç÷ÀȾɫ
¡¡¡¡È¡Ì¥Êó, 95%¾Æ¾«¹Ì¶¨45 min, È¥³ýÈ«ÉíƤ·ô¡¢Æ¤ÏÂÖ¬·¾¡¢ÄÚÔà, ÖØÐÂÖÃÓÚ95%¾Æ¾«Öй̶¨36 h¡£È»ºóÖÃÓÚ±ûͪÖÐÍÑÖ¬36 h, ½«ÍÑÖ¬ºóµÄ±ê±¾·Ö±ðÖÃÓÚ0.017%ÜçËغ졢0.025%°¢ÀûÐÂÀ¶ÖÐ, 37¡æ¸÷Ⱦɫ1 d¡£½«È¾É«ºóµÄ¹Ç÷ÀÖÃÓÚ20%¸ÊÓÍÖÐƽºâ1 h, ÔÙÖÃÓÚ20%¸ÊÓÍÓë1% KOH»ìºÏµÄ͸Ã÷ÒºÖÐ͸Ã÷3 d¡£±ê±¾±£´æÓÚ20%¸ÊÓÍÖÐ[11,12], ÌåʽÏÔ΢¾µÏ¹۲ì¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýÇé¿ö, ²âÁ¿¹Ç÷À³¤¶È¡£
¡¡¡¡1.3.3¡¢ Ì¥ÊóµÄRNAÌáÈ¡ÓëRT-PCR
¡¡¡¡°´ÕÕÊÔ¼ÁºÐÌáÈ¡Ì¥Êó×ÜRNA, Äæת¼ºÏ³ÉcDNA, ÒÔcDNAΪģ°å½øÐÐÓ«¹â¶¨Á¿À©Ôö¡£PCRµÄ·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þ:95¡æÔ¤±äÐÔ3 min;95¡æ±äÐÔ30 s, 55¡æÍË»ð30 s, 72¡æÑÓÉì40 s, 40¸öÑ»·¡£ÒÔGAPDH (ÉÏÓÎÒýÎï:5′-ACAGCAACAGGGTGGTGGAC-3′, ÏÂÓÎÒýÎï:5′-TTTGAGGGTGCAGCGAACTT-3′) ΪÄڲλùÒò, ·ÖÎöCyp26b1 (ÉÏÓÎÒýÎï:5′-CTGGCTGCTACAGGGTTCTG-3′, ÏÂÓÎÒýÎï:5′-CTCGCCCATGAGGATCTTGC-3′) »ùÒòµÄ±í´ïˮƽ¡£
¡¡¡¡1.3.4¡¢ ͳ¼Æѧ´¦Àí
¡¡¡¡²ÉÓÃSPSS 21.0Èí¼þ½øÐÐÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö, ʵÑé½á¹ûÓÃx¡¥±sx¡¥±s±íʾ, ²ÉÓõ¥ÒòËØ·½²î·ÖÎö, P<0.05¾ßÓÐͳ¼Æѧ²îÒì¡£
¡¡¡¡2¡¢ ½á¹ûÓë·ÖÎö
¡¡¡¡2.1¡¢ ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡2.1.1¡¢ ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«³¤¹Ç·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡ÓÉͼ1¿É¼û, ÔÚ»³ÔеÚ11.5 d¹àθ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¶ÔСÊóÌåÄÚÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃÖ÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚËÄÖ«¹Ç÷ÀÉÏ¡£Ì¥ÊóËÄÖ«³¤¹Ç¾ùÆÕ±é¶ÌÓÚ¶ÔÕÕ×é, ²¢ÇÒËæά¼×Ëá¼ÁÁ¿µÄÉý¸ß²»¶ÏËõ¶Ì (ͼ1A) , Õâ˵Ã÷ά¼×Ëá¶ÔСÊóËÄÖ«¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýÓÐÒÖÖÆ×÷Óᣲ¢ÇÒά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥Ê󳤹ǵijɹDz¿·ÖÒÖÖÆÓ°ÏìÓÈΪ¾çÁÒ, Ëæ×Åά¼×Ëá¼ÁÁ¿µÄÉý¸ß, ËÄÖ«³¤¹ÇµÄ³É¹Ç²¿·ÖËõ¶ÌÃ÷ÏÔ (ͼ1A¡¢B) ¡£ÔÚά¼×Ëá×÷ÓÃÏÂ, СÊóµÄèã¹Ç¡¢³ß¹Ç¡¢¹É¹Ç¡¢ëֹǡ¢ëè¹Ç¾ù±íÏÖ³ö³É¹Ç¹Ç»¯È±Ê§ (ͼ1B¡¢C) , Õâ±íÃ÷ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄÒÖÖÆ×÷ÓÃÖ÷ÒªÓ°Ïì¹Ç÷ÀµÄ¹Ç»¯¹ý³Ì¡£
¡¡¡¡2.1.2¡¢ ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«ÊÖ (×ã) ¹Ç·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡ÓÉͼ2¿É¼û, ÔÚ»³ÔеÚ11.5 d¹àθ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá, ¶ÔСÊóËÄÖ«ÊÖ (×ã) ¹Ç·¢ÓýµÄͳ¼Æ, ÊÖÖ¸¹ÇºÍ×ãÖº¹ÇÓ°Ïì½Ï´ó (ͼ2B) , °éËæ×Åά¼×Ëá×÷ÓüÁÁ¿µÄÉÏÉý, Ì¥ÊóÖ¸ (Öº) ¹ÇµÄ·Ö»¯Öð½¥¼õÈõ (ͼ2A) , µ±¹àθÁ¿´ïµ½50 mg/kgÒÔÉÏʱ, ³öÏÖÉÙÖ¸ (Öº) ¡¢²¢Öº¡¢õƹÇËõ¶ÌÉõÖÁÓúºÏµÄÏÖÏó (ͼ2B) , Õâ˵Ã÷ÔÚÔÐÆÚ11.5 d, Ò»¶¨¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¿ÉÒÔ¸ÉÈŹÇ÷ÀµÄ·Ö»¯¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¼1 ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«³¤¹Ç·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡Fig.1 The effects of different doses of ATRA on long bone of limbs in fetal rat.
¡¡¡¡A.²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá×÷ÓÃÏÂСÊóÕûÌå¹Ç÷À¡¢ËÄÖ«¹Ç÷ÀȾɫͼ (1ΪëŹÇ, 2Ϊèã¹ÇºÍ³ß¹Ç, 3Ϊ¹É¹Ç, 4ΪëֹǺÍëè¹Ç, ºìÉ«´ú±í³É¹Ç, À¶É«´ú±íÈí¹Ç) ;B.²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá×÷ÓÃÏÂСÊó³¤¹Ç (ëŹǡ¢èã¹Ç¡¢³ß¹Ç) µÄ³É¹Ç³¤¶È;C.²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá×÷ÓÃÏÂСÊó³¤¹Ç (¹É¹Ç¡¢ëֹǡ¢ëè¹Ç) µÄ³É¹Ç³¤¶È¡£*Óë**±íʾ, ¶ÔÕÕ×éÏà±ÈÔÚP<0.05ºÍP<0.01ˮƽÉϲîÒìÏÔ×Å¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¼2 ²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóËÄÖ«Ö¸ (Öº) ¹Ç·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡Fig.2 The effects of different doses of ATRA on bone of fingers and toes in fetal rat.
¡¡¡¡A.»ûÐÎÖº¹Ç (1ΪÉÙÖº, 2Ϊ²¢Öº, 3ΪõƹÇËõ¶Ì»òÓúºÏ) ;B. ²»Í¬¹àθ¼ÁÁ¿¶ÔÌ¥ÊóÖ¸ (Öº) ÊýµÄÓ°Ïì;C. ²»Í¬¹àθ¼ÁÁ¿¶ÔÌ¥Êóõƹdz¤µÄÓ°Ïì¡£**±íʾÓë¶ÔÕÕ×é (0 mg/kg×é) Ïà±ÈÔÚP<0.01ˮƽÉϲîÒìÏÔ×Å¡£
¡¡¡¡2.2¡¢ ά¼×Ëá¶Ô²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚÌ¥Êó¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡ÓÉͼ3¿É¼û, ÔÚСÊóµÄ²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚ, ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»û³Ì¶È²»Í¬¡£ÔÚÔÐ7.5 d, ά¼×Ëá¿ÉÒýÆðÌ¥Êóβ׵Ëõ¶Ì±äÐλòÎÞβ׵¡¢ÐØÀ߹Ƿ¢ÓýÒì³£µÈÏÖÏó (ͼ3B) ;ÔÚÔÐ11.5 d, ά¼×ËáÖ÷Ҫʹ̥ÊóËÄÖ«¹Ç÷À·¢Óý³Ù»º, ³öÏÖËÄÖ«³¤¹ÇµÄ³É¹ÇËõ¶Ì»òÏûʧ, ²¢ÒÖÖÆÖ¸ (Öº) ¹Ç·Ö»¯;ÔÚÔÐ15.5 d, ά¼×Ëá¶Ô¹Ç÷ÀµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃÈõÓÚ7.5 d ºÍ11.5 d, µ«Ò²ÄÜÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏʹ̥ÊóËÄÖ«³¤¶ÈËõ¶Ì, Ö¸ (Öº) ¸öÊý¼õÉÙ, ²¢ÇÒÓ°Ïì³É¹ÇµÄ¹Ç»¯¡£ (ͼ3B¡«E) ¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¼3 ά¼×Ëá¶Ô²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚСÊó¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡Fig.3 The effects of ATRA on bones in different pregnancy time of mice.
¡¡¡¡A.СÊóÕûÌå¹Ç÷ÀȾɫͼ;B.²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚά¼×ËáµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃ, 1ΪÐØÀß¹ÇÒì³£, 2Ϊβ׵Ïûʧ, 3Ϊèã¹Ç¡¢³ß¹ÇËõ¶Ì, 4ΪºóÖ«·¢ÓýÒì³£, 5Ϊ³É¹Ç¹Ç»¯²»ÍêÈ«;C¡¢D¡¢E.¹àθʱ¼ä¶ÔÌ¥Êóⳤ¡¢Ç°ºóÖ«³¤¡¢Ö¸ (Öº) ÊýµÄÓ°Ïì¡£**±íʾÓë¶ÔÕÕ×éÏà±ÈÔÚP<0.01ˮƽÉϲîÒìÏÔ×Å¡£
¡¡¡¡2.3¡¢ ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥Êó Cyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡Cyp26ÊôÓÚϸ°ûÉ«ËØP450³¬¼Ò×å³ÉÔ±, ËüÄܱàÂëÌØÒì´úлά¼×ËáµÄÑõ»¯Ã¸, Cyp26¼Ò×åÓÐ3 ÖÖÑǼÒ×å³ÉÔ±, ¼´Cyp26a1¡¢Cyp26b1ºÍ Cyp26c1[13]¡£Ñо¿±íÃ÷, CYP26B1ÊǹÇ÷À·¢ÓýµÄÖ÷Ҫά¼×Ëá´úлø, Ëü¿ÉÒÔ½µ½â¹ýÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá, ´Ó¶øÒÖÖÆά¼×ËáµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃ[14,15]¡£¶ø±¾Ñо¿Í¨¹ýÓ«¹â¶¨Á¿PCR¼ì²â·¢ÏÖ, ÔÚÔÐÆÚ11.5 d, ¸øÓè10 mg/kgµÄά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïµÄÓ°Ïì²»´ó, Óë¶ÔÕÕ×é±È½ÏÎÞÏÔ×ŲîÒì (P>0.05) , µ±¸øÓè50 mg/kgºÍ100 mg/kgά¼×Ëáʱ, Ì¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïϽµ, Óë¶ÔÕÕ×é±È½Ï²îÒ켫ÏÔ×Å (P<0.01) (ͼ4A) ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ±¿ØÖÆά¼×ËáµÄ¸øÓè¼ÁÁ¿Îª50 mg/kg ʱ, ²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚ (7.5 d¡¢11.5 d ºÍ 15.5 d) ¶Ôά¼×ËáÔÚCyp26b1»ùÒòˮƽÉϵķ´Ó¦Ò²²»Ïàͬ, Ëæ×ÅÔÐÆÚÌìÊýµÄÔö¼Ó, Ì¥ÊóÌåÄÚCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽÉÏÉý, µ«Cyp26b1»ùÒòµÄÏà¶Ô±í´ïÁ¿¶¼µÍÓÚ¶ÔÕÕ×é (P<0.01) , Õâ˵Ã÷Ò»¶¨¼ÁÁ¿µÄά¼×ËáÄܹ»ÒÖÖÆÔÐÆÚ (7.5 d¡¢11.5 d ºÍ 15.5 d) ÄÚÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒòµÄ±í´ï (ͼ4B) ¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¼4 ά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽµÄÓ°Ïì
¡¡¡¡Fig.4 The effects of Cyp26b1 gene expression levels on fetal rat.
¡¡¡¡A.²»Í¬¼ÁÁ¿Î¬¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽµÄÓ°Ïì;B.ά¼×Ëá¶Ô²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚÌ¥ÊóCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽµÄÓ°Ïì¡£**±íʾÓë¶ÔÕÕ×éÏà±ÈÔÚP<0.01ˮƽÉϲîÒìÏÔ×Å¡£
¡¡¡¡3¡¢ ÌÖÂÛ
¡¡¡¡Î¬¼×ËáÊÇάÉúËØA ÔÚÌåÄÚ´úлµÄÖмä²úÎï, ¹ýÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá¶Ô´óÊó¡¢²ÖÊó¡¢¼¦µÈ¶¯Îï¾ßÓÐÖ»ûÐÔ[16,17,18]¡£ÁºÌìçù[19]ÓÃ50 mg/kgά¼×ËáÓÕµ¼BALB/cСÊó, ÖÆ×÷ëñÁÑÄ£ÐÍ;ÏÄÃô½ÜµÈ[10]Ñо¿·¢ÏÖ50 mg/kgά¼×Ëá¶ÔSD ´óÊóÅßÌ¥¾ßÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃ;³ÂĬµÈ[9]Ñо¿·¢ÏÖ80 mg/kgά¼×ËáÊÇÔì³ÉСÊóÅßÌ¥µäÐÍ»ûÐεÄ×î¼Ñ¹àθ¼ÁÁ¿¡£±¾Ñо¿Ò²·¢ÏÖ10 mg/kgµÄά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóµÄËÄÖ«¡¢Ö¸ (Öº) ÊýÓ°Ïì½ÏС (ͼ1) , µ±Î¬¼×ËáµÄ¼ÁÁ¿´ïµ½50 mg/kgºÍ100 mg/kgʱ, СÊóÅßÌ¥ËÄÖ«¡¢Ö¸ (Öº) Êý³öÏÖ»ûÐÎ, Óë¶ÔÕÕ×é±È½Ï²îÒìÏÔ×Å (P<0.05) ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶ÔÓÚ²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚµÄСÊó, ά¼×ËáµÄÖ»ûЧ¹ûÒ²²»Í¬¡£µ±ÔÐÆÚΪ7.5 dʱ, ά¼×ËáÖ÷Òªµ¼ÖÂβ׵¹Ç¡¢ÐØÀ߹ǹÇ÷ÀµÄ»û±ä;µ±ÔÐÆÚΪ11.5 dʱ, ά¼×ËáÔòÄÜʹËÄÖ«¹Ç÷À·¢Óý³Ù»º¡¢ÒÖÖÆÖ¸ (Öº) ¹Ç·Ö»¯;µ±ÔÐÆÚΪ15.5 dʱ, ά¼×Ëá¶Ô¹Ç÷ÀµÄÖ»û×÷ÓüõÈõ, Ö÷Òª±íÏÖΪ¸ÉÔ¤³É¹ÇµÄ¹Ç»¯¡£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÓÉÓÚÔÚÔÐÉïµÄ²»Í¬Ê±¼ä, ¹Ç÷À·¢ÓýµÄ´ÎÐò²»Í¬, ÔÚ7.5 dʱÖ÷ÒªÊÇÌ¥Êó×µ¹ÇºÍÐØÀ߹Ƿ¢ÓýʱÆÚ, ´Ëʱά¼×ËáµÄ¹ýÁ¿ÉãÈë±ØÈ»µ¼ÖÂÕâЩ¹Ç÷ÀµÄ·¢ÓýÒì³£;¶øµ±11.5 dʱ̥ÊóËÄÖ«¹Ç·¢Óý»îÔ¾, ¹ýÁ¿µÄά¼×Ëá»áµ¼ÖÂÕâЩ¹Ç÷ÀµÄ»û±ä;µ±15.5 dʱ̥ÊóµÄ¹Ç÷À»ù±¾·¢ÓýÍêÈ«, Òò¶øά¼×Ëá¶ÔÌ¥ÊóµÄÖ»û×÷ÓüõÈõ, µ«´Ëʱ³É¹ÇµÄ¹Ç»¯»¹Î´½áÊø, Òò¶øÔÚÕâһʱÆÚά¼×ËáÖ÷ÒªÒÖÖƳɹǹǻ¯¡£
¡¡¡¡CYP26B1ϸ°ûÉ«ËØøÊÇÌåÄÚµ÷½Úά¼×ËáˮƽµÄ¹Ø¼üø, ËüÄܹ»·Ö½â´úлά¼×Ëá, ÔÚ¶Ô²»Í¬µ×Îï´úлЧÂʵľºÕùÐÔÑо¿Öз¢ÏÖ, CYP26B1µÄÊ×Ñ¡×÷Óõ×ÎïÊÇ·´Ê½Î¬¼×Ëá[20], CYP26B1ϸ°ûÉ«ËØøÔÚÌåÄڵıí´ïÁ¿ÊÜCyp26b1»ùÒòµ÷¿Ø[21]¡£±¾Ñо¿·¢ÏÖËæ×Åά¼×Ëá¼ÁÁ¿µÄÌá¸ß, Cyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽ»áϽµ, µ±Î¬¼×Ëá¸øÓè¼ÁÁ¿Îª50 mg/kgºÍ100 mg/kgʱ, Cyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïÁ¿Óë¶ÔÕÕ×é±È½Ï²îÒ켫ÏÔ×Å (P <0.01) ;ͬʱ50 mg/kgά¼×ËáÒ²»áÒýÆð²»Í¬ÔÐÆÚ (7.5 d¡¢11.5 d ºÍ 15.5 d) Ì¥ÊóÌåÄÚCyp26b1»ùÒò±í´ïˮƽϽµ (P<0.01) ¡£Cyp26b1»ùÒòˮƽµÄ½µµÍÊÇ·ñÒýÆðCYP26B1µ°°×ø±í´ïÁ¿µÄϽµ, CYP26B1µ°°×±í´ïÁ¿¸Ä±äºóÊÇ·ñ¸Ä±ä¶Ôά¼×ËáµÄ½µ½â, ´Ó¶ø¼ÓÉîά¼×ËáµÄÖ»û×÷ÓÃ, ÕâЩ¶¼ÓдýÓÚ½øÒ»²½Ñо¿¡£
¡¡¡¡×ÜÖ®, ά¼×Ëá¹àθ¸÷×éÔÐÉïСÊó, Ì¥Êó¹Ç÷À¾ùÓв»Í¬³Ì¶ÈºÍ²»Í¬ÆµÂʵıä¶Ì¡¢±äС¡¢»ûÐΡ¢È±Ê§ÒÔ¼°¹Ç»¯ÑÓ³ÙµÄÏÖÏó³öÏÖ, ²¢ÇÒÕâÖÖ»û±äËæ×Åά¼×ËáµÄ¸øÓè¼ÁÁ¿ºÍСÊóÔÐÆÚÌìÊýµÄ²»Í¬¶ø²»Í¬, ͬʱά¼×ËáÄܹ»½µµÍÓëά¼×Ëá½µ½âøÏà¹ØµÄCyp26b1»ùÒòµÄ±í´ïˮƽ¡£
¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
¡¡¡¡[1] Ross S A, McCaffery P J, Drager U C, et al..Retinoids in embryonal development[J].Physiol.Rev., 2000, 80 (3) :1021-1054.
¡¡¡¡[2] Niederreither K, Abu-Abed S, Schuhbaur B, et al..Genetic evidence that oxidative derivatives of retinoic acid are not involved in retinoid signaling during mouse development[J].Nat.Genet., 2002, 31 (1) :84-88.
¡¡¡¡[3] Napoli J L.Physiological insights into all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis[J].Biochim.Biophys.Acta, 2012, 1821 (1) :152-167.
¡¡¡¡[4] Wan D C, Siedhoff M T, Kwan M D, et al..Refining retinoic acid stimulation for osteogenic differentiation of murine adipose-derived adult stromal cells [J].Tissue Eng., 2007, 13 (7) :1623-1631.
¡¡¡¡[5] Cohlan S Q.Excessive intake of vitam A as a cause of congenital anom alies in the rat [J].Science, 1953, 117:535-536.
¡¡¡¡[6] ÕÅÃÏÖ®, ²ñÒÕ»ã, ¹ÜÁ¬³Ç, µÈ.µ±¹é²¹ÑªÌÀ¶Ôά¼×ËáÖ´óÊó¹ÇÖÊÊèËÉÄ£ÐÍCYP24A1ºÍ¹Ç¸ÆËرí´ïµÄÓ°Ïì[J].ÖÐÒ©Ò©ÀíÓëÁÙ´², 2019, 35 (1) :10-14.
¡¡¡¡[7] Éò³¿êØ, ±ÏÎľê.È«·´Ê½Î¬¼×ËáÔڳɹǷֻ¯ÖÐ×÷ÓõÄÑо¿ÏÖ×´[J].¿ÚǻҽѧÑо¿, 2018, 34 (10) :1038-1041.
¡¡¡¡[8] Éò³¿êØ, ÀîÃ×, Àî½ðÔ´, µÈ.È«·´Ê½Î¬¼×ËáÓë¹ÇÐÎ̬·¢Éúµ°°×ÁªºÏÓ¦ÓöԲ»Í¬Ï¸°ûµÄ¹Ç¸ÆËؼ°³É¹ÇÏà¹Ø»ùÒò±í´ïµÄÓ°Ïì[J/OL].½â·Å¾üҽѧÔÓÖ¾, 2019, http://libac.cqtbi.edu.cn:9006/KCMS/detail/11.1056.r.20190418.0847.002.html.
¡¡¡¡[9] ³ÂĬ, ËÕÀöÀò, ÓàÓÀÀò, µÈ.ά¼×ËáÖÂСÊó»ûÐÎ×î¼Ñ¼ÁÁ¿µÄ̽Ë÷[J].¶¾ÀíѧÔÓÖ¾, 2014, 28 (3) :223-227.
¡¡¡¡[10] ÏÄÃô½Ü, çѽ¨³É, ÍõÓñÖù, µÈ.ά¼×ËáÖ´óÊóÅßÌ¥Íâ¹Û»ûÐεļÁÁ¿Ì½Ë÷[J].ÖйúÐÂÒ©ÔÓÖ¾, 2018, 27 (15) :34-38.
¡¡¡¡[11] Õźê, ÀîÐ¥ºì.´óÊó¹Ç÷À˫Ⱦ±ê±¾µÄÖÆ×÷·½·¨[J].ÖØÇìҽѧ, 2012, 41 (2) :153-155.
¡¡¡¡[12] ÕÔÓ«, ÕÅèòØ·.ÕûÌåÏÔʾ´óÊó¹Ç÷ÀºÍÈí¹ÇµÄ¸´ºÏȾɫ·¨[J].½âÆÊѧ±¨, 2006, 7 (1) :117-119.
¡¡¡¡[13] Zhao Q, Dobbs-McAuliffe B, Linney E.Expression of Cyp26b1 during zebrafish early development[J].Gene Expr.Patterns., 2005, 5 (3) :363-369.
¡¡¡¡[14] º«·É, ÁõÖÇð©, Îâ·çÈð, µÈ.ά¼×ËáºÍCyp26»ùÒò¼Ò×åÓëÉúֳϸ°û·Ö»¯[J].ϸ°ûÉúÎïѧÔÓÖ¾, 2008, 31 (3) :355-360.
¡¡¡¡[15] Helen J, Dranse I, Arthur V, et al..Genetic deletion of Cyp26b1 negatively impacts limb skeletogenesis by inhibiting chondrogenesis[J].J.Cell Sci., 2011, 124 (16) :2723-2734.
¡¡¡¡[16] Xue J, Gu H, Liu D, et al..Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in retinoic acid-induced spina bifida aperta in rat fetuses[J].Int.J.Dev.Neurosci., 2018, 68:39-44.
¡¡¡¡[17] Wiley M J.The pathogenesis of retinoic acid induced vertebral abnorm alities in golden Syrian ham ster fetuses [J].Teratology, 1983, 28:341-353.
¡¡¡¡[18] Kohga H, Obata K.Retinoic acid-induced neural tube defects with multiple canals in the chick:Imm unohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies [J].Neurosci.Res., 1992, 13 (3) :175-187.
¡¡¡¡[19] ÁºÌìçù.FGF3ÔÚÕý³£ºÍëñÁÑBALB/cСÊóëñÍ»·¢Óý¹ý³ÌÖеıí´ï±ä»¯¼°²îÒì[D].ɽÎ÷½úÖÐ:ɽÎ÷Ò½¿Æ´óѧ, ˶ʿѧλÂÛÎÄ, 2018.
¡¡¡¡[20] Stevison F, Jing J, Triphathy S, et al..Role of retinoic acid-metabolizing cytochrome P450s, CYP26 in inflammation and cancer [J].Adv.Pharmacol., 2015 (74) :373-412.
¡¡¡¡[21] Thomas J C, Gregg D.Mechanisms of retinoic acid signal and its roles in organ and limb development [J].Nat.Rev.Mol.Cell Biol., 2015, 16 (2) :110-134.
Ñо¿Î§ÔÐÆÚĸÊóÒ¶Ëáȱ·¦¶ÔÌ¥Êó·¢ÓýµÄÓ°Ïì
Ç°ÑÔÒ¶Ëᣨfolate£©ÊÇÔÚÂÌÒ¶Ê߲ˡ¢¹ÈÎïºÍ¶¯Îï¸ÎÔàÖз¢ÏÖµÄÒ»ÖÖB×åάÉúËØ£¬Ö÷Òª²ÎÓëDNAºÏ³ÉºÍ¼×»ù»¯¹ý³Ì£¬¶ÔÌ¥¶ùµÄÉú³¤·¢ÓýÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£½üÄêÑо¿·¢ÏÖ£¬Ä¸ÌåµÍÒ¶Ëáˮƽ¿ÉÄÜ»áÔö¸ßÌ¥¶ù¹¬ÄÚ·¢Óý³Ù»º£¨IntrauterineGrowthRetardation,IUGR£©µÄ·¢ÉúÂÊ,µ«Æä...