本篇论文目录导航:
【题目】农协对日本农村经济发展的作用探究
【前言】
日本农协对农村经济的改变探析前言
【第一章】
日本农协的基本状况
【第二章】
农协对日本农村经济发展的积极影响
【第三章 第四章】
日本农协对我国发展农民合作组织的启示
【结论/参考文献】
日本农协的组织运作及影响研究结论与参考
摘要
近年来,农民合作组织在我国发展较快,对促进我国农村经济发展、提高农民生活水平起到了重要的作用。但我国的农民合作组织在发展中仍存在规模小、组织分散等问题。国际上有许多农民合作组织发展的成功案例,可以供我们研究借鉴,其中日本的经验很有典型意义和研究价值。日本综合农协在日本发展了 60 多年,对日本农村产生了多方面的影响,既有积极的,也有消极的。我们可以从日本农协的发展中借鉴其经验、汲取其教训,在我国发展好农民合作组织,推进社会主义新农村和城镇化建设,争取社会主义现代化的早日实现。
本文分为四个部分。首先,本文介绍了日本农协的基本情况。日本农协起源于信用合作组织,其直接前身是二战时期的农业会;日本农协早期实行“全国-都道府县-市町村”的三级组织结构,近些年来在探索实行“全国-基层”的二级组织结构;日本农协实行组合员大会和理事会制度,类似于现代企业制度;日本农协具有指导、买卖、借贷、厚生和共济几大职能。
其次,本文分析了日本农协对日本农村经济发展的积极影响。日本农协通过指导、买卖等职能增加了农民经营农产品的收入;通过其信用职能使农民有了充足的生产、生活资金;通过其在生产、生活上职能的全面化、周到化,提高了农村兼业化水平;通过其直接和间接的影响力,使政府制定了许多惠农政策;推进了日本新型农村经济的发展。
再次,本文分析了日本农协对日本农村经济发展的其消极影响。日本农协通过其对农产品和农资产品的统销、统购,使农产品价格虚高;通过其“陈情”、“票田”等行为,使日本农产品进口关税过高。这使日本要承受要求其农产品市场开放的压力,不利于农民及农村经济的长远发展。
最后,本文分析了我国农民专业合作社的发展现状及存在的问题,总结了日本农协发展经验对发展我国农民专业合作社的启示,提出了发展我国农村合作经济的政策建议。我国的农民专业合作社发展很快,但在发展中存在组建积极性不高、规模小、运行不规范、缺少资金和人才等问题。为了我国农民专业合作社的健康发展,我们要借鉴日本农协指导、买卖、信用和厚生共济等全面的职能,要借鉴日本农协科学、成熟的组织结构和运行机制。我们要从农协对日本农村经济发展的消极影响中汲取教训,在我国发展农民合作组织时,要防范农民合作组织对农产品价格形成的垄断,避免其过度抬高农产品价格。在农民专业合作社发展中,政府要鼓励农民专业合作社的建立与合并,完善农民专业合作社的职能,加强对农民专业合作社的监管,积极引导农民专业合作社促进耕地集中。
本文研究了日本农协的组织结构和运行机制,分析了农协对日本农村经济发展正反两方面的影响。在社会主义新农村建设中,我们要注意研究和借鉴国际社会的经验,并结合我国的国情,借助先进的生产组织形式,提高农产品的价格和品质优势,实现农业的可持续发展和农民收入水平的不断提高。
关键词:日本农协 农村经济 合作社 农产品
Abstract
In recent years, the farmer cooperative organizations developed fast in ourcountry. They promoted the development of the rural economy and improved theliving standards of farmers. But they have many problems, such as the smallscale, not in the role, and so on. There are many successful cases of farmercooperation organization in the world, which can be used for us to study anddraw lessons from, and the experience of Japan is very typical and valuable.Japanese Agricultural Association(JA) has developed in Japan for more than 60years, has great influence on its rural economy. It has both positive andnegative influenceon the economy. We should study its advantages and drawlessons from it.
There are four parts in this paper. It first introduces the basic situation ofJA. It originated from the credit cooperation organization, but its directpredecessor is the Farming Agricultural Convention. In early times, JA has thecentral - the county - the village structure. But in recent years, it has thecentral - the village structure. JA has the Composite Member Conference Systemand the Council System. This is similar to the modern enterprise system. JAhas many functions, such as guiding, buying and selling, lending, social securityand insurance.
In the second part, this paper analyses the active impact of JA to the ruraleconomy. Firstly, through the guide and business functions, JA increases theincome of the farmers from the agricultural products. Secondly, through itscredit function, JA makes the farmers have sufficient funds for producing andliving. Thirdly, through its comprehensive and thoughtful functions, JA improvesthe rural concurrent business level. Fourthly, through its direct and indirectinfluence, the government formulated many favorable policies to the farmer.Lastly, it promote the new rural economy of Japan.
In the third part, this paper analyses the negetive impact of JA to therural economy. It through its monopoly for purchase and marketing makes theagricultural product price empty high, through its “petition”, “ticket to vote”makes Japanese agricultural product import tariffs too high, which makes Japan have to bear the pressure of opening agricultural product market. There will benegetive infulence to the further development of farmers and the rural economy.
At the end of the article, I put forward the problems of our cooperativeorganizations, the enlightenment of JA and some suggestions. We shouldactively absorb the successful experience of JA, and make our farmer cooperativeorganizations have all the functions. At the same time, we should effectivelyeliminate the negative effects. What's more, the government should encourage theestablishment and consolidation of our cooperative organizations, add theirfunctions, strengthen the supervision, and actively guide them do well topromote centralizing the land.
In this paper, I compiled all aspects of the functions and the framework ofJA, and analyse the impacts of JA. In the construction of new socialist country,we should combining with the situation of our country, pay attention to learningand drawing lessons from the international experience, and study the advancedproduction organization form, raise the advantages of our agricultural product,realize the sustainable development of our agriculture and increase the income offarmers.
Keywords: JA, rural economy, cooperation organization, agricultural products
目 录
前言
(一)研究背景和研究意义
(二)国内外研究现状
(三)研究方法和创新点
一、日本农协的基本状况
(一)日本农协的渊源和形成背景
(二)日本农协的组织结构
(三)日本农协的运行机制
(四)日本农协的主要职能
二、农协对日本农村经济发展的积极影响
(一)使农民在农产品经营上取得较高纯收入
(二)使农村有了充足的生产、生活资金
(三)为日本农民兼业提供了方便
(四)代表农民左右政府惠农政策制定
(五)推动了新型农村经济的发展
三、农协对日本农村经济发展的消极影响
四、日本农协对我国发展农民合作组织的启示
(一)我国农民合作组织发展现状及存在的问题
(二)日本农协可供借鉴的经验
(三)日本农协可供汲取的教训
(四)发展我国农村合作经济的政策建议
五、结论