ҽѧÐÄÀíѧÂÛÎÄ

Äúµ±Ç°µÄλÖãºÑ§ÊõÌà > ҽѧÂÛÎÄ > »ù´¡Ò½Ñ§ÂÛÎÄ > ҽѧÐÄÀíѧÂÛÎÄ >

ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÖеÄÔËÓÃ

À´Ô´£ºº£ÄÏҽѧ ×÷ÕߣºÁÖСÂü,ËÎȺ,ͯӿ,Íõ
·¢²¼ÓÚ£º2021-06-17 ¹²8148×Ö

¡¡¡¡Õª    Òª£º¡¡×Ô2019Äê12ÔÂÒÔÀ´£¬ºþ±±Ê¡Î人Êеȶà¸öµØÇø³öÏÖ²»Ã÷Ô­Òò·ÎÑ×£¬ºó±»ÃüÃûΪÐÂÐ͹Ú×´²¡¶¾·ÎÑ×(COVID-19)¡£ÒßÇé·¢Éú³õÆÚ£¬ÊÀ½çÎÀÉú×éÖ¯½«ÐÂÐ͹Ú×´²¡¶¾·ÎÑ׶¨Î»Îª¹ú¼Ê¹Ø×¢µÄÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ£¬2020Äê1ÔÂ20ÈÕÎÒ¹úÕýʽÐû²¼½«ÐÂÐ͹Ú×´²¡¶¾¸ÐȾÄÉÈëÒÒÀഫȾ²¡²¢°´¼×Àà½øÐйÜÀí¡£ÔÚÕû¸öÒßÇé·¢Éú·¢Õ¹¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÈËÃǵÄÈÕ³£Éú»îºÍ¹¤×÷ÔâÊÜÁ˾޴óµÄ±ä¸ï£¬°éËæ¶øÀ´µÄÎÊÌâÖ®Ò»¾ÍÊÇÐÄÀí½¡¿µÎÊÌ⣬ÐèÒªÒýÆðÈ«Çò¸÷¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ¡£±¾ÎľÍÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþµÄ×÷Óü°Ïà¹ØÑо¿½øÐÐÂÛÊö¡£

¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê :     Í»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ;ÐÂÐ͹Ú×´²¡¶¾·ÎÑ×;ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤;¸ºÃæÐÄÀí;Ô¤·À;ÐÄÀí½¡¿µ;

¡¡¡¡Abstract£º¡¡Since December 2019, novel viral pneumonia, officially called coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),has appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province. At the early of the outbreak, WHO has defined the disease as the public health emergency which should arouse the international concern. On January 20, China officially classified it as Class B infectious disease and managed as Class A. Throughout the development of the epidemic, our daily life and work have undergone tremendous changes. One of the following problems, which must be taken seriously by all over the world, is psychological issues. This article aims at emphasizing the role of psychological interventions in public health emergencies and summarizing related research.

¡¡¡¡Keyword£º¡¡Public health emergency; Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19); Psychological crisis intervention; Negative psychology; Prevention; Mental health;

¡¡¡¡ÔÚÈ«¹úÈËÃñÆëÐļè¿à·Üսϣ¬¹úÄÚµÄÒßÇéÄ¿Ç°ÒÑ»ù±¾Îȶ¨£¬µ«È«Çò¶à¸ö¹ú¼ÒÈÔÔâÊÜ×ÅÒßÇéµÄÏ®»÷¡£¾ÝÃÀ¹úÔ¼º²Ë¹»ôÆÕ½ð˹´óѧʵʱÊý¾Ýͳ¼Æ£¬Ä¿Ç°È«ÇòÈ·ÕïÈËÊýÒѳ¬¹ý6 000Íò£¬ËÀÍöÈËÊýÒѳ¬¹ý130Íò¡£ÖµµÃ¹Ø×¢µÄÊÇ£¬´Ë´ÎʼþͬʱҲÊÇÒ»´ÎÖØ´óÐÄÀíΣ»úʼþ£¬¼°Ê±¿ªÕ¹ÓÐЧµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©Êǹᴩ¹ú¼Ò¾ÈÔ®ÌåϵǰºóµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬Ò²ÊǾö¶¨¹ú¼ÒÔÚÒßÇéºóÊÇ·ñÄÜ¿ìËÙ¸´ËÕµÄÖØÒª´ëÊ©Ö®Ò»[1]¡£
 

ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÖеÄÔËÓÃ
 

¡¡¡¡1 ¡¢ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤¸ÅÄî

¡¡¡¡Í»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÖ÷Ҫָͻ·¢µÄ´«È¾²¡ÒßÇ顢ȺÌåÐÔ²»Ã÷Ô­Òò¼²²¡¡¢Ê³Æ·°²È«ºÍְҵΣº¦¡¢¶¯ÎïÒßÇéÒÔ¼°ÆäËûÑÏÖØÓ°Ï칫¹²½¡¿µºÍÉúÃü°²È«µÄʼþ[2]¡£´¦ÀíÕâЩʼþͨ³£»á³¬³ö¸öÌåµÄÓ¦¶ÔÄÜÁ¦£¬ÍùÍù´òÆÆÐÄÀíƽºâ£¬µ¼ÖÂÐÄÀíΣ»ú״̬[3]£¬Ëæºó´ó¸ÅÂÊÒýÆðһϵÁÐÇûÌåÖ¢×´£¬¶Ô¹«ÖÚµÄÉúÀíºÍÐÄÀí½¡¿µÍ¬Ê±Ôì³ÉÓ°Ï죬ÇҴ󲿷Öʱºò¶ÔÐÄÀíµÄÉ˺¦¸ü¼ÓÃ÷ÏԺͳ־ã¬Ö®ºó»¹¿ÉÄÜ·¢Éú¼±ÐÔÓ¦¼¤ÕÏ°­ÒÔ¼°´´É˺óÓ¦¼¤ÕÏ°­£¬Èç¹ûµÃ²»µ½¼°Ê±µÄ¸ÉÔ¤£¬½«»á³ÖÐøÐÔµØÆÆ»µÈËÃÇδÀ´µÄÉú»î£¬²¿·Ö»¼Õß»áͨ¹ý¾Æ¾«¡¢Ò©ÎïÀ´·¢Ð¹£¬ÑÏÖصÄÉõÖÁ»á³öÏÖ×ÔÎÒÉ˺¦Ê¼þ[2]¡£

¡¡¡¡ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤¾ÍÊÇÕë¶ÔÉÏÊöÕâЩʼþÒý·¢µÄ´ó¹æÄ£ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¶ø²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©£¬ÔËÓÃÐÄÀíѧÀíÂÛ£¬Óмƻ®µØ¶ÔÄ¿±êȺÌåµÄÐÄÀí״̬¡¢ÈÏÖª»òÕßÐÐΪ½øÐиÉÔ¤£¬°ïÖúÖؽ¨ÐÄÀíƽºâ״̬[4]¡£Ä¿Ç°Ê¹Óý϶àµÄÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤¼¼Êõ°üÀ¨¾«Éñ¶¯Á¦ÖÎÁÆ¡¢ÈÏÖªÐÐΪÖÎÁÆ¡¢Î£»úʼþÓ¦¼¤ÍÅÌåÎî̸[5]¡¢ÑÛ¶¯ÍÑÃôºÍÐÅÏ¢ÔÚ¼Ó¹¤ÖÎÁÆ[6,7]µÈ£¬ºóÀ´ÓÖ·¢Õ¹³ö¸üΪÍêÉƵÄΣ»úʼþÓ¦¼¤¹ÜÀí[8]£¬±ØҪʱ¿ÉÔÚ¸ÉÔ¤µÄͬʱÁªºÏÒ©ÎïÖÎÁÆ¡£

¡¡¡¡2¡¢ ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþµÄÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡²»Á¼ÐÄÀí״̬»áÓ°ÏìÈËÃǵÄÉú»îÖÊÁ¿ºÍÉíÌ彡¿µ£¬Í¬Ê±»áÓ°Ïìµ½ÒßÇéÏà¹Ø·ÀÖι¤×÷µÄÂäʵ£¬ËùÒÔÔ¤·ÀÓëÖÎÁƵÄͬʱ½øÐкÜÓбØÒª¡£ÓÉÓÚÔÚ²»Í¬Éç»áÖ°Ôð²ãÃæµÄȺÌå»á²úÉú²»Í¬µÄÐÄÀí·´Ó¦£¬ÈÏÖª´æÔÚ²îÒ죬Òò´Ë»¹ÐèÒª½øÐиöÐÔ»¯µÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤¡£

¡¡¡¡ÁíÍ⣬ÐÄÀí½¡¿µÎÊÌâ¾ßÓÐʱ¼äЧӦÐÔ£¬ÊÇÒ»¸ö»á³ÖÐøÐÔÓ°ÏìÐÐΪµÄÄÚÔÚÒò×Ó¡£²»Á¼µÄÐÄÀí״̬ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÖ®ºó±ØÈ»»á¶ÔÈËÃÇÒ»¶¨Ê±¼ä¶ÎÄÚÉõÖÁÖÕÉúµÄÉú»îÔì³ÉÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϵĸºÃæÓ°Ï죬Òò´Ë²»½öÐèÒªÖØÊÓÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚʼþ·¢Õ¹ÖеÄ×÷Ó㬸üÐèÒª¹Ø×¢ÆäÔÚʼþºóÒÅÁôÎÊÌâÖеÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£

¡¡¡¡2.1¡¢ ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤µÄÔ¤·ÀÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡ÓдóÁ¿Ñо¿µ÷²é±íÃ÷ÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¼õÉÙÏû¼«Ë¼Ïë»òÕßÌá¸ß×ÔÎÒЧÄÜ£¬´Ó¶ø×öµ½ÓÐЧԤ·ÀÒÖÓôºÍ½¹ÂÇ£¬Ô¤·À²»Á¼ÐÄÀíÇéÐ÷×î³£ÓõĴëÊ©ÊÇÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤ºÍÐÄÀí½ÌÓý[9,10,11,12,13,14]¡£ÔøÓÐѧÕß´Ó²»Í¬Î¬¶È¶Ô²»Í¬ÐÄÀí½ÌÓý´ëÊ©µÄÔ¤·ÀЧ¹û½øÐÐÆÀ¹À£¬½áÂÛ±íÃ÷³ÉÈ˵ÄÏû¼«Ë¼ÏëÊÇÔì³ÉÒÖÓôÖ¢µÄ×î´óÓ°ÏìÒòËØ£¬ËûÃÇÈÏΪÈÏÖªÒòËضÔÁ½ÖÖÐÄÀí¼²²¡·¢Éú¶¼Æð×ÅÖØÒª×÷Óã¬Òò´ËÌá³öÁ˸ıäÈÏÖªÊÇÔ¤·À½¹ÂÇÒÖÓôµÄÈëÊֵ㣻µ«¶ÔÓÚÇàÉÙÄê¼°¶ùͯ£¬Ñо¿ÈÏΪÐÄÀí½ÌÓý¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©ÄÑÒÔͨ¹ý¸Ä±ä˼άÀ´·¢»ÓÔ¤·À×÷Ó㬴ËÀàÈËȺµÄ¸ÉÔ¤½«¸ü¼Ó¸´ÔÓÇÒÓдýÑо¿[15]¡£Í¬Ê±Ò²ÓÐÑо¿±íÃ÷²»Í¬µÄ¸ÉÔ¤´ëʩЧ¹û²»Ò»£¬Ò²ÉÐÎÞÈ·ÔäÖ¤¾ÝÄÜÖ¤Ã÷ÈκÎÌض¨¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©µÄÓÅÔ½ÐÔ[16]¡£

¡¡¡¡¹úÍ⻹ÔøÓÐѧÕßÕë¶ÔÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤Ô¤·ÀÒâÒåÌá³ö¹Ûµã£¬ÈÏΪÔÚ²»ÖªµÀ¾ßÌåÁÙ´²ÁÆЧ·¢Õ¹×ßÏòµÄÇé¿öϺÜÄÑÈ·¶¨²ßÂÔ£¬µ«ÔÚ¹«¹²ÎÀÉúµÄ½Ç¶È¶øÑÔ£¬Èç¹ûÔ¤·À¼Æ»®¿ÉÒÔ¸²¸Ç´óÁ¿ÈË¿Ú£¬Ð¡µÄÓ°Ïì¿ÉÄܷŴ󣬴ӶøÌá¸ßÕûÌåµÄÉú»îÖÊÁ¿£¬ÆäÌá³ö¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýѧУ¡¢µ¥Î»¡¢ÉçÇøµÈÁªºÏÐÅϢͨÐż¼ÊõÀ´ÊµÏÖ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ£»ÁíÍ⻹ǿµ÷ÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©ÐèÒª¸öÌ廯µ÷Õû£¬Õâ±ØÐë¶Ôµ÷½Ú½á¹û¼°×÷ÓûúÖƽøÐнøÒ»²½ÏêϸÑо¿[17]¡£

¡¡¡¡2.2¡¢ ÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÔÚ²»Í¬ÈËȺÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡2.2.1¡¢ ÔÚ»¼Õß¼°¼ÒÊôÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡ÊÀ½çÉϵÚÒ»´ÎÕýʽµÄÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÊǹúÍâѧÕßÔÚ1942ÄêµÄÒ»³¡´ó»ðÔÖºó¶ÔËÀÕß¼ÒÊôºÍÐÒ´æÕß½øÐÐÁËÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤£¬ÕâÒ²ÊǵÚÒ»´ÎÓйØÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþµÄÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤[18]¡£¹úÄÚµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤Ïà¹ØÑо¿Ê×ÏÈÒ²ÊÇÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ×ÔÈ»ÔÖÄÑ·¢Éúºó[19]£¬ÔçÄêÐÄÀíѧ¼Ò¶à´ÎÔÚ´óµØÕð¡¢»ðÔÖ¡¢¿ÕÄÑʹʵÈÔÖÄѺóÁ¢¼´¶Ôî¾ÄÑÕß¼ÒÊô¼°Ïà¹ØÈËÔ±¿ªÕ¹ÔÖºóÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤¡£ÊµÑé½á¹û¾ùÏÔʾ¸ÉÔ¤ºóÊܺ¦ÕßµÄÇéÐ÷ÔÚ¶Ìʱ¼äÄÚÄܵõ½Ã÷ÏԵݲ¸§ºÍ¸ÄÉÆ£¬¿É¼ûÔÖºóÁ¢¼´½øÐÐÓÐЧµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤£¬¿É¼õÇáÔÖÄÑ´øÀ´µÄ²»Á¼ÐÄÀíÇéÐ÷·ÀÖ¹¾«ÉñÒì³£µÄ·¢Éú£¬Äܹ»¸ü¿ì¸üÓÐЧµÄ´Ù½øÈËÃǵÄÔÖºóÊÊÓ¦ºÍÐÄÀí¿µ¸´¡£Ôø¶àÏîÐÄÀíѧµ÷²é֤ʵ´«È¾²¡»¼ÕßµÄÐÄÀí½¡¿µ³Ì¶È¸ü²î£¬¶Ô¼²²¡Á÷ÐкÍÖ¢×´ÈÏÖª²»È«¡¢¶Ô¸ôÀëÒªÇó²»Àí½â¼°º¦Å£¬ºóÐøÓжԲִÙÈëÔº¡¢ÖèÈ»Àë¼ÒµÈÍ»·¢×´¿öµÄ²»ÊÊÓ¦£¬¼ÓÉÏÇûÌåÖ¢×´µÄ¼å°¾£¬´ó´óÔö¼ÓÁ˲»Á¼ÐÄÀíµÄ·¢ÉúÂÊ[20,21]¡£ÑÏÖز»Á¼µÄÇéÐ÷ÕÏ°­²»½ö»á¼Ó¾ç»òÑÓ»º¼²²¡µÄ¿µ¸´[22,23]£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²²»ÀûÓÚÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±¿ªÕ¹¹¤×÷£¬²»ÀûÓÚÒßÇéµÄ¿ØÖƺ͹ÜÀí£¬ÉõÖÁÔøÓиôÀ뻼Õß˽×ÔÌÓÀ벡·¿µÄÇé¿ö±¨µÀ[24]¡£Òò´ËÔÚ¶ÔÖ¢´¦ÀíºÍÕï¶ÏµÄͬʱ±ØÐ뾡¿ìµØ½øÐÐÕë¶ÔÐÔµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤¡£ÔÚ¿¹SARSʱÆÚ£¬Ðí¶àѧÕß¿ªÕ¹Á˹ØÓÚÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©µÄÑо¿£¬ÕâЩ¾­Ñé¶Ô±¾´ÎÒßÇéÓÐ×ÅÖØ´ó²Î¿¼¼ÛÖµ¡£ÓÐѧÕßÔø¶Ô±±¾©SARS»¼Õß·ÖÅúͨ¹ýµç»°×Éѯ¡¢ÎÄ×Ö²ÄÁÏ¡¢Ãæ¶ÔÃ湵ͨ½øÐÐÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤£¬×ÜÌå½á¹ûÖ¤Ã÷ÕâЩ´ëÊ©¾ù¶Ô»º½â»¼ÕßÇûÌ廯֢״¡¢Ç¿ÆÈÖ¢×´¡¢½¹ÂÇ¡¢ÒÖÓô¡¢½µµÍÈ˼ÊÃô¸ÐÐÔ¡¢¸ÄÉƵжÔÇéÐ÷ÓÐÃ÷ÏÔ×÷Óã¬ÆäÖл¼ÕßÖ÷¶¯µç»°×ÉѯÓÐЧÂÊ×î¼Ñ£¬ÐÄÀíÒ½Éú¸ÉÔ¤ÓÐЧÂÊ¿É´ï92.6%£¬ÁÙ´²Ò½ÉúÔÚ¾­¹ýרҵÅàѵºó¿ªÕ¹ÓÐЧÂÊÉÏÉý¡£ÖµµÃ¹Ø×¢µÄÊÇ£¬ÆäÖÐÓÐÇóÖúÒâʶµÄÈ˽öÕ¼Èý·ÖÖ®Ò»£¬Òâζ×ÅÈÔÓÐÐí¶à»¼ÕßÔÚ³ÐÊÜÉúÀíÍ´¿àµÄͬʱ»¹Ä¬Ä¬µØ³ÐÊÜ×ÅÐÄÀíÍ´¿à£¬Òò´ËÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±ÒÔ¼°×¨ÒµÈËÔ±Ö÷¶¯µØÌṩÐÄÀí°ïÖúÊÇÊ®·ÖÓбØÒªµÄ£¬ÇÒÌá³öÓбØÒª¶ÔÉϸÚÒ½Éú½øÐгõ²½ÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤Ïà¹ØÅàѵ[15,25]¡£

¡¡¡¡2.2.2¡¢ ÔÚÒ½Îñ¹¤×÷ÕßÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡Óе÷²éÊý¾Ý½á¹û±íÃ÷ÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþºó£¬Ñо¿Öл¼Õß¼°Ò½»¤¾ù´æÔÚÒÖÓô״̬£¬5%Ò½»¤Í¬Ê±´æÔÚ½¹ÂÇÇÒÐÄÀíÇéÐ÷²¨¶¯½Ï´ó£¬¶àÊýΪ×Ô¼º²»ÄÜÓÐЧÖÎÁƼ²²¡¶ø×ÔÔð£¬ÉÙÊý»áÏëÒªÍËËõºÍÌÓ±Ü[26]£¬ÆäÖл¤Ê¿ÐÄÀíѹÁ¦×î¸ß£¬ÓÈÆäÊǵÍÄê×Ê»¤Ê¿[27,28,29,30,31]£¬²¿·ÖÔÚʼþ±¬·¢2ÖܺóÈÔ´æÔÚÃ÷ÏÔµÄÐÄÀíÓ¦¼¤ÕÏ°­[32]¡£ËûÃǵÄÐÄÀíÓ¦¼¤Ö÷ÒªÀ´Ô´ÓÚµ£ÐÄ×ÔÉí¸ÐȾ¡¢¾ÈÖú¹¤×÷µÄÄѶȺÍÇ¿¶È¡¢×ÔÓɼ°Ë¯Ãß°þ¶á¡¢¼ÒÍ¥¹ØϵÄÑÒÔƽºâµÈ·½Ã棬¶àÖØÍâ½ç¸ßѹÁîÈ˲úÉúÇéÐ÷Ó¦¼¤£¬³£¼û¶Ô¹¤×÷Éú»îµÄ¾ëµ¡ÎÞÁ¦¸Ð¡¢Ê§È¥ÐÅÐÄ¡¢ÖÊÒÉÈËÉúµÈ¸ºÃæÇéÐ÷£¬²¿·Ö»¹°éÓÐÇûÌåÖ¢×´£¬¼«´ó¿ÉÄÜ·´¹ýÀ´¼Ó¾çÐÄÀíÓ¦¼¤£¬¶ñÐÔÑ­»·µ¼Ö¾«Éñ±ÀÀ££¬ÉõÖÁ»á±íÏÖΪ¶Ô×Ô¼º»òËûÈË×ö³ö±©Á¦É˺¦ÐÐΪµÈ²»Á¼ºó¹û£¬×îÖÕ»¹¿ÉÄܵ¼Ö²»¿ÉÄæµÄ¾«Éñ¼²²¡[33,34,35,36]¡£»¹ÓÐѧÕ߶ÔSARSÆÚ¼äÒò¹¤×÷Ö°Ôð¶ø¸ÐȾµÄÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±µÄÐÄÀí½øÐйýµ÷²é£¬ËûÃÇÔÚÇ°ÆÚÔâÊܾ޴óÉíÐÄѹÁ¦ºÍ´´ÉËÖ®ºó£¬ÒÑȻʮ·Ö´àÈõµÄÐÄÀí³ÐÊÜÁ¦ÔÙÃæ¶Ô²¢·¢Ö¢¼°ºóÒÅÖ¢¡¢·ÑÓᢹ¤×÷¡¢¼ÒÍ¥¹ØϵµÈÎÊÌâʱ£¬¸üÈÝÒ×Ôì³É¶þ´Î´ò»÷£¬µ¼Ö¸üΪ¸´ÔÓµÄÉúÀíºÍÐÄÀíÕÏ°­£¬³öÏÖÎÞ·¨ÈÚÈëÕý³£µÄ¹¤×÷ºÍÉú»î£¬×ÔÎÒÆÀ¼ÛµÍ£¬¶ÔËûÈ˵Ŀ´·¨Ãô¸Ð£¬Éç»á¼°¼Òͥì¶Ü¼âÈñ»¯µÈµÈ[37]¡£ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬ÓÉÓÚÄ¿Ç°¸´ÔÓµÄÒ½ÁÆ»·¾³ºÍר¿Æ»¯£¬´ó²¿·ÖÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±ÔÚÃæ¶ÔÕæÕýÒßÇéÀ´ÁÙʱÊøÊÖÎ޲ߣ¬ÕâÑùµÄÐÄÀíÓÖÓëÖ°ÔðºÍʹÃü¸ÐÏ໥³åÍ»£¬½øÒ»²½¼Ó¾ç²»Á¼ÐÄÀíÇéÐ÷[38]¡£Òò´Ë¶ÔÓÚÒ½Îñ¹¤×÷Õ߶øÑÔ£¬Á¼ºÃµÄÉç»á¹Øϵ֧³ÖÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª£¬ÆäÄÜÓÐЧµØ¸ÄÉÆ´´É˺óÐÄÀí¸ºµ££¬¶ÔÓ¦¼¤Æðµ½»º³å×÷Ó㬰ïÖúά³ÖÁ¼ºÃµÄÇéÐ÷ÌåÑé¡£Óв»ÉÙѧÕßͨ¹ýÑо¿µ÷²é·¢ÏÖ£¬Ò½ÔºÍ¨¹ý¼ÓÇ¿ÐÄÀí½ÌÓý¡¢¿ªÕ¹Ó¦¼¤ÑµÁ·¡¢¹®¹ÌÏà¹Øרҵ֪ʶºÍ¼¼ÄÜÅàѵ¡¢¼°Ê±ÍêÉƹÜÀíÖƶȡ¢¶¯Ô±¼¤Àø¡¢ÂäʵÁìµ¼È˸ºÔðÖƵȴëÊ©ºó£¬Ò½ÎñÈËÔ±µÄÈÏÖª¼°Ó¦¶Ô·½Ê½·¢ÉúÁËת±ä£¬¾ø´ó²¿·ÖÄÜÖ÷¶¯¼°Ê±µ÷ÕûÐÄ̬£¬¿ìËÙÊÊÓ¦¸ßÇ¿¶È¹¤×÷[38,39,40,41,42]£¬µ«ÈÔÓÐÔ¼10%µÄ»¤ÀíÈËÔ±Ó¦¼¤·´Ó¦½Ï´ó£¬½Ï³¤Ê±¼ä²ÅÄܵ÷ÕûÐÄ̬¡£ÓÚÊÇÓÐÈËÌá³öÒ½ÔºÐèÒªÕë¶Ô²»Í¬ÐÔ¸ñ¼°¸ÚλµÄÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±¿ªÕ¹¸öÐÔ»¯µÄÐÄÀí°ïÖú[32]£¬ÁíÍ⻹¿ÉÒÔ³¢ÊÔÔËÓÃΣ»úʼþÓ¦¼¤ÍÅÌåÎî̸£¬¹ÄÀøÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±½øÐм¯ÌåÎî̸£¬¼´¿ÌÐûй¼°Ìṩ֧³Ö°²Î¿£¬»º½â´´ÉËÍ´¿à¸ÐÊÜ£¬Êµ¼ùÖ¤Ã÷ÕâÊÇÒ»Öַdz£ÓÐЧӦ¶Ô¼±ÐÔÓ¦¼¤µÄ¼¯ÌåÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤·½Ê½[43,44]¡£ÔÚÒßÇéÆڼ䣬ҽÎñÈËÔ±ÊǷܶ·ÔÚÒ»ÏßµÄսʿ£¬ÊÇÈ«ÈËÀàµÄÉúÃüÊØ»¤Ìݶӣ¬ÊÇÓ¦¶ÔÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþµÄÖÐÁ÷íÆÖù£¬µ«ËûÃǵÄÐÄÀí״̬ºÜÈÝÒ×±»ºöÂÔ£¬±ØÐëÐèÒª¸ü¶àµÄÉç»áºÍ¼ÒÍ¥µÄÖ§³Ö£¬ÐèÒª±»Àí½âºÍ×ðÖØ£¬¹ú¼Ò¡¢Éç»á¡¢Ò½Ôº¡¢¼ÒÍ¥¶¼Ó¦µ±Ö÷¶¯³ÉΪËûÃÇ×î¼áʵµÄºó¶Ü£¬ÌṩÐÄÀí¹éÊô¸Ð£¬²¢ÔÚ±ØҪʱÌṩרҵÈËÔ±µÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤°ïÖú[36]£¬°ïÖúËûÃÇ´ïµ½½ÓÊÜÕûºÏ²»Á¼ÇéÐ÷£¬¸ÄÉƸºÃæÈÏÖª¡¢ÖØËÜÐÄÀí·ÀÓù¡¢±£³ÖÐÄÀíÎȶ¨µÄÄ¿±ê¡£Í¬Ê±Ìṩ¼áʵµÄ±£ÕÏ£¬ºÏÀí°²ÅÅ×÷Ϣʱ¼ä£¬±£Ö¤Ò½»¤ÈËÔ±µÄ¸öÈË·À»¤£¬Âäʵ´ýÓö£¬¼°Ê±±íÕã¬ÕâÑù²Å¿ÉÒÔÈÃÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±¸üÈ«ÐÄÈ«ÒâͶÈ뿹ÒßÕ½¶·£¬¼õÇáÐÄÀí¸ºµ££¬¼áÊظÚ룬¸ü¼áÇ¿µØÓ¦¶ÔÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ´øÀ´µÄÕýÃæ³å»÷£¬×öµ½ÍŽáÅäºÏ£¬ÓÐÌõ²»ÎɵؿªÕ¹ÒßÇé·ÀÖι¤×÷£¬´òºÃ¹¥¼áÕ½¡£

¡¡¡¡2.2.3¡¢ ÔÚÆÕͨÃñÖÚµÄÓ¦ÓÃ

¡¡¡¡Í»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþµÄ·À¿ØÐèҪȫÉç»áµÄ¹²Í¬Å¬Á¦£¬ÆÕͨÃñÖÚÔÚÕâ¸ö¹ý³ÌÖÐͬÑùÓÐ׏ؼü×÷Óã¬Ò²ÊÇά³ÖÉç»á°²¶¨µÄÖ÷Ìå¡£Ãæ¶ÔÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ£¬ÃñÖÚµÄÐÄÀí״̬һ°ã»áËæ×ÅÈÏÖª¸Ä±ä·¢Éú½×¶ÎÐÔ²¨¶¯£¬È»ºó¶àͨ¹ýÏû¼«ÐÐΪÏÔÏÖ[38]£¬Èç´íÎó»ò¹ý¶È»òºöÊÓ¸öÈË·À»¤¡¢¹¦ÄÜÐÔÇûÌåÖ¢×´¡¢ÇáÐÅÒ¥ÑÔ¡¢ºåÇÀÉÌÆ·¡¢Ã¤Ä¿¶Ú»ýÒ©ÎïµÈ£¬ºóÐø¿ÉÄÜÑݱä³ÉÉç»áÐÄÀíÎÊÌ⣬³öÏÖ¼¯Ìå¿Ö»Å¡¢¼¯Ìå¹ý¶ÈÐÐΪÒÔ¼°Ò¥ÑÔËÄÆðµÈÏÖÏó¡£±¾´ÎÒßÇé·¢Éúºó£¬´ó¶àÊýÃñÖÚ±»Æȳ¤ÆÚÍ£¹¤Í£Ñ§½û×㣬ÐγÉ×ÔÓɱ»°þ¶á¡¢ÊÕÈëȱʧ¡¢Éú»îÎÞ·¨±£ÕÏ¡¢Ò»Ê±ÎÞËùÊÂÊÂÊÖ×ãÎÞ´ëµÄ¾ÖÃ棬ºÜÈÝÒײúÉú½¹ÂÇ¡¢ÃÔãµÄÐÄ̬¡£ÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏ»º½âºóÓÖÃæ¶ÔͻȻµÄ¸´¹¤¸´Ñ§ÎÞ·¨ÊÊÓ¦£¬ÐÄÀí»ìÂÒÄÑÒÔ¼°Ê±µ÷Õû£¬½øÒ»²½¼ÓÉîÁËÐÄÀíÍ´¿àÌåÑé¡£ÖµµÃ¶îÍâ¹Ø×¢µÄÊÇÇàÉÙÄêȺÌ壬ËûÃǵÄÐÄÀí״̬Õý´¦ÓÚ¹ý¶É½×¶Î£¬Ïà¶Ô²»Îȶ¨£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÅ®ÐÔ[45,46]£¬ÔÚ¼ÓÉÏÈç½ñµÄ´ó»¥ÁªÍøʱ´úÏÂÁ¼Ý¬²»ÆëµÄѶϢ´«²¥¼°³¤ÆÚ½û×㣬ÇàÉÙÄêȺÌå¸üÈÝÒ×Êܵ½ÎÞÐεĸÐȾ£¬ÈÝÒײúÉú½¹ÂÇ¡¢ÒÖÓô¡¢±¯¹Û¡¢·³ÔêµÈ²»Á¼ÐÄÀí·´Ó¦£¬ÉõÖÁ»á°éËæÇûÌåÖ¢×´£¬Ôì³ÉÉíÐIJ»Á¼·¢Õ¹[47,48]¡£ÁíÍ⣬±¾´ÎÒßÇéѸËÙϯ¾íÈ«Çò£¬Ä¿Ç°¹úÍâÐÎÊÆÑϾþ£¬ÖÚ¶àÁôѧÉúÃæÁÙ×Å·À»¤¡¢×¡·¿¡¢Ò½ÁÆ¡¢Ñ§ÒµµÈÖÚ¶àÀ§ÄÑ£¬¹ÂÁ¢ÎÞÔ®£¬³ÐÊܵÄÐÄÀíѹÁ¦¸üÉõ£¬ÐÄÀíƽºâ¸üÄÑÒÔά³Ö¡£ÇàÉÙÄêµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸ü¼Ó¸´ÔÓ¸ü¼Óϸ½ÚµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÐèÒª°üÀ¨¹ú¼Ò½ÌÓý²¿ÃÅ¡¢¸ÉÔ¤»ú¹¹¡¢Ñ§Ð£¡¢¼Ò³¤µÈ¸÷¸ö²¿ÃŹ²Í¬Ð­×÷£¬¼°Ê±¡¢¿Æѧ¡¢Ð­Í¬µØΪËûÃÇÌṩ°ïÖú½â¾öÄÑÌ⣬×öµ½È«Ãæά»¤ÇàÉÙÄêµÄÐÄÀí½¡¿µºÍÎȶ¨[49]¡£ÓÐÑо¿±íÃ÷ÔÚÍ»·¢ÎÀÉú¹«¹²Ê¼þ·¢Éúºó£¬Í¨¹ýÕýÈ·µÄýÌåÒýµ¼Ï½øÐм°Ê±µÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤£¬ÈËÃǿɱíÏÖ³öȺÌåÐÐΪһÖÂÐÔ£¬¶ÔΣ»ú²úÉúÕýÈ·È«ÃæµÄÈÏʶ£¬Äܹ»×Ô¾õ²ÉÈ¡¿ÆѧµÄÔ¤·À´ëÊ©£¬¼°Ê±µ÷ÕûÉç»á¹ØϵµÈ[50]¡£¾Í±¾´ÎÒßÇé¶øÑÔ£¬ÔÚÕþ¸®µÄÕýÏòÖ÷µ¼ºÍ¹ÜÀíÏ£¬Ã½Ìå¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýµçÊӹ㲥¡¢¹Ù·½ÍøÕ¾¡¢Î¢ÐŹ«Öںš¢Éç½»Èí¼þ¡¢¶ÌÊÓƵµÈ;¾¶×öµ½¹Ù·½¿ÆÆÕÒßÇé֪ʶ¼°ÕýÈ··À»¤´ëÊ©¡¢Í¬²½´«´ïʵʱҽѧÏà¹ØѶϢ¡¢ÌṩÏà¹Ø¾Íҽ;¾¶¡¢¼°Ê±¹Ù·½±ÙÒ¥µÈȨÍþÐÐΪ£¬¼ÈÄÜÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈµØÌá¸ßÃñÖÚµÄΣ»ú¸ÐÓÖÄܼ°Ê±»º½â¿Ö»ÅÇéÐ÷£¬ÔöÇ¿°²È«¸Ð£¬¼õÉÙ²»Á¼ÐÄÀí״̬µÄ·¢Éú·¢Õ¹¡£Í¬Ê±¶ÔÓÚÒÑ·¢ÉúÐÄÀíÕÏ°­µÄÃñÖÚ£¬¸æÖªÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤µÄÖØÒªÐÔ£¬¹«¿ªÌṩ»ñÈ¡ÐÄÀí°ïÖúµÄ;¾¶£¬¹ÄÀø¼ÓÇ¿¼ÒÍ¥Ö§³Ö£¬°ïÖúËûÃÇʶ±ð²¢½ÓÄɲ»Á¼ÇéÐ÷£¬²ÉÈ¡ÕýÈ·µÄÓ¦¶ÔÐÐΪ£¬¼°Ê±Êèµ¼°²¸§¡£

¡¡¡¡4¡¢ ½áÓï

¡¡¡¡´Ë´ÎÈ«ÈËÀàÕýÔÚ¾­ÀúµÄÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ²»½ö½öÊÇÒ»¸öÉúÀíƽºâÎÉÂҵĹý³Ì£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÒ»¸ö¶ÔÐÄÀíµ÷½ÚÄÜÁ¦µÄ¾Þ´óÌôÕ½¡£

¡¡¡¡ÕÔÐñ¶«µÈ[38]Ìá³öÉç»áÐÄÀíÒòËØÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÔ¤·À¡¢ÓÐЧ¿ØÖƼ²²¡¡¢Î¬³ÖÉç»á°²¶¨ÒÔ¼°»Ö¸´Éç»áÔË×÷ºÍ½â¾öºóÒÅÎÊÌâµÈ¸÷¸ö»·½Ú¶¼ÖÁ¹ØÖØÒª¡£µ«ÓÉÓÚ¼²²¡ÐÔÖÊÌØÊ⣬ÏàÓ¦µÄÐÄÀíÎÊÌâÉ漰ȺÌå¹ã·º¡¢Çé¿ö¸´ÔÓ¡¢Ê±¼äЧӦ³Ö¾Ã£¬Òò´ËҪȫÃæÂäʵ¿ªÕ¹¹¤×÷Ò²»áÃæÁÙÏ൱´óµÄÄѶȡ£ÔÚ±¾´ÎʼþÖУ¬¹ú¼Ò×ܽΌ·Çµä¾­Ñ飬ÔÚÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤·½ÃæҲѸËÙ×ö³öÁ˼°Ê±µÄÏà¹Ø´ëÊ©¡£³õÆÚ¹ú¼ÒÎÀ½¡Î¯±ã·¢²¼ÁËÏà¹ØÎļþÖ¸µ¼¸÷µØ¿Æѧ¹æ·¶ºÏÀíµØ¿ªÕ¹ÒßÇéÏà¹ØÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤¹¤×÷£¬Ëæºó½Ðø¶ÔÒ»ÏßÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±¡¢ÇàÉÙÄê´óѧÉú¡¢ÁôѧÉú¡¢¸¾Å®¶ùͯµÈ²»Í¬ÈËȺÖƶ¨ÁËÕë¶ÔÐÔ¸ÉÔ¤¼°Ö§³Ö·½°¸£¬·¢»ÓÁË×éÖ¯Áìµ¼×÷Óã¬Îª¿ªÕ¹¹¤×÷ÌṩÁ˱ØÒªµÄÀíÂۺͼ¼ÊõÖ¸µ¼¡£

¡¡¡¡WHOÔøÌá³ö“½¡¿µÊÇÉíÌå¡¢ÐÄÀíºÍÉç»á¹¦ÄÜÈý·½ÃæµÄ½¡È«×´Ì¬£¬²»½ö½öÊÇûÓм²²¡»òÐéÈõ”£¬Ö»ÓÐ×öµ½ÇûÌ彡¿µ¡¢ÐÄÀí½¡¿µ¡¢Éç»áÊÊÓ¦Á¼ºÃºÍµÀµÂ½¡¿µÍ¬Ê±½¡È«£¬²ÅÊÇÒ»¸öÕæÕý½¡¿µµÄÈË[51,52]¡£Ä¿Ç°ÒßÇéµÄ±¾ÍÁ´«²¥ÒÑ»ù±¾¿ØÖÆ£¬ÏÖÐÂÔö²¡ÀýÖ÷ÒªÀ´×ÔÓÚ¾³ÍâÊäÈ룬Òò´ËÈÔ¾ö²»ÄÜиµ¡£¬ÔÚÓ¦¶ÔÒßÇé´øÀ´µÄÐÄÀí³å»÷ÃæÇ°ÈÔÐèҪȫÈËÀàÍòÖÚÒ»ÐÄ£¬¹²Í¬Å¬Á¦£¬ÓëÉí±ßµÄÈËÏ໥֧³Ö£¬×öµ½¼°Ê±·¢ÏÖ¡¢¼°Ê±ÇóÖú¡¢¼°Ê±¸ÉÔ¤¡£Ëæ×ÅÌåÖƲ»¶ÏÍêÉÆ£¬¿Æ¼¼½ø²½£¬ÏàÐÅδÀ´ÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤»á¸ü¼ÓÆÕ¼°£¬¼¼Êõ»á¸ü¼ÓÐÂÓ±ÓÐЧ£¬¹«ÖÚ½ÓÊܶȼ°Ö÷¶¯ÐÔÒ²»áÔ½À´Ô½¸ß¡£Èç½ñÔÚÔºÄÚÍâÉèÁ¢×¨ÒµµÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤ÍŶӡ¢°²ÅÅÁÙ´²Ò½ÎñÈËÔ±½ÓÊÜרҵÏà¹ØÅàѵµÈÒ²Öð½¥³ÉΪÇ÷ÊÆ¡£¹ØÓÚÔÚÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÖи÷ÖÖÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©µÄ¾ßÌåÁÆЧ¡¢½ÓÊܶȡ¢¿ªÕ¹ÄÑÒ׳̶ȵȣ¬´ýδÀ´¸ü¶à½øÒ»²½µÄÁÙ´²Ñо¿µ÷²é¡£

¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×

¡¡¡¡[1]Ëïºêΰ,³ÂÏþÀö£¬ÍõÑÞÓôµÈÎÒ¹úÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤ÌåϵµÄ¹¹½¨[J]ÖлªÎÀÉúÓ¦¼±µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾2018,4(3):141-144.
¡¡¡¡[2]ÖлªÒ½Ñ§»á¾«Éñ¿Æ·Ö»áCCMD-3Öйú¾«ÉñÕÏ°­·ÖÀàÓëÕï¶Ï±ê×¼(µÚÈý°æ)[M]ɽ¶«:ɽ¶«¿Æѧ¼¼Êõ³ö°æÉç,2001.
¡¡¡¡[3]SEYEDIN H,SAMADIPOUR E SALMANI L.Intervention strategies for improvement of disasters risk perception:F amily-centered approach[J]J Educ Health Promot,2019,8:63.
¡¡¡¡[4] JAMES RK,BURL E. Crisis intervention strategies[M] Belmont:Cengage Leamning Pub .2013:385-386.
¡¡¡¡[5] MITCHELL JT,EVERLY GS. Critical incident stress debriefing-ClSD:an operations manual for the prevention of traumatic stress among emergency service and disaster worker
¡¡¡¡s, 1993[J].Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1995,8(2):360-362.
¡¡¡¡[6]OREN E, SOLOMON R .EMDR therapy:An overview of current and future research[J] Revue Europeenne De Psychologie Appliquee,2012,62(4):193-195.
¡¡¡¡[7]ÕÔ¹úÇï,ÍôÓÀ¹â,ÍõÒåÇ¿µÈ“4.28*½º¼ÃÌú·½»Í¨Ê¹ÊÉËÔ±ÐÄÀíΣ»úµÄ¸ÉÔ¤[J]Öлª¼±ÕïҽѧÔÓÖ¾2008,17(8)-800-803.
¡¡¡¡[8]ÕÔ¹úÇÍôÓÀ¹â£¬ÍõÒåÇ¿µÈÔÖÄÑÖеÄÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤-¾«Éñ²¡Ñ§µÄÊÓ½Ç[J]ÐÄÀí¿Æѧ½øÕ¹,2009, 17(3):489-494.
¡¡¡¡[9]CONEJO-CERON S,MORENO-PERAL P,RODRiGUEZ-MOREJONA,et al. Effectiveness of psychological and educational interventions to prevent depression in primary care:a s
¡¡¡¡ystematic review and meta-analysis[J] Ann Fam Med,2017,15(3):262-271.
¡¡¡¡[10] WERNER-SEIDLER A,PERRY Y,CALEAR AL,et al School-based depression and anxiety prevention programs for young people:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J] Clin
¡¡¡¡Psychol Rev,2016,51:30-47.
¡¡¡¡[11]BELLON J,MORENO-PERAL P,MOTRICO E,et al. Effectiveness of psychological and/or educational interventions to prevent the onset of episodes of depression:A systematic
¡¡¡¡review of systematic reviews and meta -analyses[J]Prev Med,2015,76:S22-S32.
¡¡¡¡[12]CUIJPERS P,KARYOTAKI E,REIJNDERS M,et al.Who benefits from psychotherapies for adult depression?A meta-analytic update of the evidence[J]. Cogn Behav Ther,2018,4
¡¡¡¡7(2):91-106.
¡¡¡¡[13]HETRICK SE,COX GR,WITT KG.et al.Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT),third-wave CBT and interpersonal therapy (IPT)based interventions for preventing depression in ch
¡¡¡¡ildren and adolescents[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2016,(8):CD003380.
¡¡¡¡[14]TOPPER M,EMMELKAMP PMG,WATKINS E,et al. Prevention of anxiety disorders and depression by targeting excessive worry and rumination in adolescents and young adult
¡¡¡¡s:A randomized controlled trial[J] Behav Res Ther,2017,90:123-136.
¡¡¡¡[15]ÍõÔñÇ࣬ף׿ºêÖìºèÎäµÈSARS»¼ÕßÁÙ´²ÐÄÀí¸ÉԤģʽ¼°ÁÆЧÆÀ¹À[J]ÖйúÐÄÀíÎÀÉúÔÓÖ¾,2003, 17(9):587-590.
¡¡¡¡[16] MORENO-PERAL P,CONEJO-CERON S, RUBIO-VAL ERA M,et al Effectiveness of psychological and/or educational interventions in the prevention of anxiety[J]JAMA Psychia
¡¡¡¡try,.2017,74(10): 1021-1029.
¡¡¡¡[17]MORENO-PERAL P,BELLON J,HUIBERS MJH,et al.Mediators in psychological and psychoeducational interventions for the prevention of depression and anxity.A systematic
¡¡¡¡review[J]. Clin Psychol Rev,2020,76: 101813.
¡¡¡¡[18]LINDEMANN E Symptomatology and management of acute grief.1994[J]Am J Psychiatry,1994,151(6 Suppl):155-160.
¡¡¡¡[19]ºÎÐÂÉúÔÖº¦´´É˺óÓ¦¼¤ÕÏ°­µÄÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤[J].³ÇÊÐÓë¼õÔÖ2004.6(1):20-23.
¡¡¡¡[20]ÉòÓæÓÊ.¾«Éñ²¡Ñ§[M].4°æ±±¾©:ÈËÃñÎÀÉú³ö°æÉç2002:24.
¡¡¡¡[21]ÅíÔ¶ðSARSÁ÷ÐÐÆڼ䷢ÈÈ[ ]Õï¸ôÀ뻼ÕßÐÄÀíÎÀÉúµÄµ÷²éÑо¿[D]³¤É³:ÖÐÄÏ´óѧÏæÑÅҽѧԺ2004:1-44.
¡¡¡¡[22]À×¾²ÐÄÀíÖÎÁÆÔÚ´«È¾²¡ÖÎÁÆÖеÄÖØÒª×÷ÓÃ[J].ÖÐÍâÒ½ÁÆ,2007,26(24):69-70.
¡¡¡¡[23]Î⻪Àö.´«È¾¿Æ»¼ÕßµÄÐÄÀíÌص㼰ÆäÐÄÀí»¤Àí¸ÉÔ¤´ëÊ©[J]ÎÄÕª°æ:Ò½Ò©ÎÀÉú,2016:123
¡¡¡¡[24]ÁμÒϲ,Áõ½£·æÖ£æÂæÂ,µÈ34Àý»ôÂÒ¼°ÒÉËƲ¡ÀýµÄ½¹ÂÇÒÖÓô·ÖÎö[J].ÏÖ´úÒ½Ò©ÎÀÉú,2006 225);:689.
¡¡¡¡[25]ÑîСÁø,ÕÅÙ»ºÎÏþ±ùÐÄÀí×ÉѯÈÈÏßÔÚSARS¸ôÀë¹Û²ì²¡·¿¹¤×÷ÖеÄ×÷ÓÃ[J] .»¤Àí¹ÜÀíÔÓÖ¾2003,3(5):19-20.
¡¡¡¡[26]ÍõÀè÷ÕÅÀèÃ÷»¤ÀíÈËÔ±Ãæ¶ÔSARSµÄÐÄÀíӦ븼°¶Ô²ß[J]»¤ÀíÓ뿵¸´2004,3(2):139-141.
¡¡¡¡[27]ÍôƼ.SARSÖÎÁÆÒ»ÏßÒ½»¤ ÈËÔ±ÐÄÀí½¡¿µ×´¿öµ÷²é¼°Î£»ú¸ÉԤģʽ¹¹½¨µÄÑо¿[D]Î÷°²µÚËľüÒ½´óѧ,2005:1-71.
¡¡¡¡[28]MAUNDER RG,LANCEE WJ,ROURKE S,et al.Factors Associated With the Psychological Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome on Nurses and Other Hospital Worker
¡¡¡¡s in Toronto[J] Psychosom Med,2004,66(6):938-942.
¡¡¡¡[29]MATSUISHI K.KAWAZOE A,IMAI H.et al.Psychological impact of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 on general hospital workers in Kobe[J] Psychiatry Clin Neurosci,2012,66(4):353-3
¡¡¡¡6(
¡¡¡¡[30]NICHELL LA,CRIGHTON EJ,TRACY CS,et al.Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff. Survey of a large tertiaty care institution[J] CMAJ,2004, 170(5):793-811.
¡¡¡¡[31]Ãçç÷ç÷,³Â¾´·¼,ÁõÃúÑï,µÈ»¤Ê¿ÔÚ¾ÈÖÎÈ˸ÐȾH7N9ºÐÁ÷¸Ð»¼ÕßʱµÄ¹¤×÷ÌåÑé[J]Öлª»¤ÀíÔÓÖ¾,2018,53(6):720-723.
¡¡¡¡[32]CHAN AOM,HUAK CY.Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Sin
¡¡¡¡gapore[J].Occup Med(Lond),2004,54(3):190-196.
¡¡¡¡[33]²ñ½à¼õ»ºSARS²¡·¿»¤Ê¿ÐÄÀíѹÁ¦µÄ¶Ô²ß[J].±±¾©´óѧѧ±¨(ҽѧ°æ),2003,35(0z1):156.
¡¡¡¡[34]ÍôƼ,Íõï·½ÀòµÈ´«È¾ÐԷǵäÐÍ·ÎÑ×ÁÙ´²»¤ÀíÓëÐÄÀí¸ÉÔ¤[M]Î÷°²µÚËľüÒ½´óѧ³ö°æÉç2004:28-30.
¡¡¡¡[35]ºú¼Ñ÷“¼×Á÷±¬·¢ÆÚ¼äÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±ÐÄÀí×´¿öµ÷²éÓëÏà¹ØÒòËØ·ÖÎö[D].³¤É³:ÖÐÄÏ´óѧ,2010.
¡¡¡¡[36]³ÂÖÓ,¹Ø¸»,ÌÆÇìÁÖ,µÈÍ»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ-ÏßÒ½»¤ÈËÔ±ÐÄÀí¸ÉԤ̽ÌÖ[J]ÈËÃñ¾üÒ½,2017,60(1):20-21.
¡¡¡¡[37]Ð콨Ƽ,Àî÷£¬Ê¯ÕêÏÉ,µÈÒ½ÎñÈËÔ±»¼SARSºóÉíÐÄÓëÉú»îÇé¿öµ÷²é[J]»¤ÀíÑо¿(ÉÏÑ®°æ).2005,19(19):1723-1725.

×÷Õßµ¥Î»£ºÕã½­´óѧҽѧԺ ºþÖÝÊÐÖÐÐÄÒ½Ôº¸ÐȾ¿Æ
Ô­Îijö´¦£ºÁÖСÂü,ËÎȺ,ͯӿ,Íõΰºé.Í»·¢¹«¹²ÎÀÉúʼþ¹ý³ÌÖÐÐÄÀíΣ»ú¸ÉÔ¤µÄÖØÒªÐÔ[J].º£ÄÏҽѧ,2021,32(10):1328-1332.
Ïà¹ØÄÚÈÝÍƼö
Ïà¹Ø±êÇ©£º
·µ»Ø£ºÒ½Ñ§ÐÄÀíѧÂÛÎÄ