南京国民政府婚姻法体制探析

    本篇论文目录导航：

【题目】南京国民政府婚姻法体制探析 
【导言  第一章】民国时期婚姻成立制度变迁 
【第二章】民国政府婚姻效力变迁 
【第三章】近代离婚制度变迁 
【第四章】民国时期婚姻法制变迁的启示 
【结论/参考文献】民国关于婚姻的法律制度研究结论与参考文献 



　　摘 要

　　民国时期的婚姻法制较之以往各代婚姻法制的变迁主要集中表现在婚姻的成立制度、婚姻的效力和离婚制度这三个方面，民国后期南京国民政府时期的婚姻法制较之民国早期北洋政府时期的婚姻法制的变迁也是集中在这三个方面。法定婚龄的提高和婚约效力的弱化体现出这一时期的婚姻成立制度追求自由平等的价值倾向；在婚姻关系中妻子的人格权和财产权得到法律一定程度上的承认和保护，体现出这一时期的婚姻法制对男女平等、女性权利的期望；诉请离婚的法定理由的范围扩大、离婚财产分割问题的完善，体现出这一时期离婚制度为挑战传统夫权的优势地位所做出的努力。民国时期婚姻法制的变迁有着鲜明的渐进性和曲折性并存的特点。

　　婚姻作为自古以来受到传统家制和宗法伦理影响最深的部分，在近代文明来袭的浪潮中受到的冲击也是最大的。婚姻法制由于与社会风俗联系最为密切，因此是法律体系中最大限度保留了中国传统文化和民族精神的部分，具有非常明显的保守性。在中国传统社会推崇的注重宗法血缘、尊卑伦理等价值观念的影响下，传统的婚姻法制中也处处渗透着“纲常经义”“男尊女卑”“义务本位”的价值准则，而这与近代西方身份法所奉行的“契约平等”、“个体独立”、“权利本位”的价值理念完全对立。这种法律核心价值观念的矛盾必然使婚姻法律制度在中国法律近代化转型过程中，面临更加剧烈的冲突和挑战，更能够影射出中国固有婚姻法制在法律近代化整合中的立场和取舍，也更能显示中国婚姻法制在近代化过程中从精神到制度的转变过程。

　　关键词：婚姻法制近代化；法律移植；法律继承

　　Abstract

　　During the period of the republic of China,changes of the Marriage Law are mainlyconcentrated in the establishing,potency and releasing of the marriage. The improvementof legal marriageable age and the weakening of engagement potency reflected that thisperiod established marriage system tended to pursuing freedom and equality ; Thepersonality rights and property rights of the wife in the marriage were well-established andprotected by the law to some extent, which reflected the expectation of the marriage legalsystem for feminism and women's rights; The range extension of the legal reason to filedfor divorce and the perfection of divorce division of property problem reflected the attemptof the marriage law system of this period to challenge traditional and masculine dominance.

　　The changes of the period of the republic of China marriage law has the characteristics ofprogressiveness and twists coexist.

　　Marriage as part of most influenced by the traditional family system and patriarchalethics since ancient times, it was the most affected in the tide of modern civilization.

　　Because Marriage Law closely associated with social customs, so it was mas reservedChinese traditional culture and national spirit at most, and it had obvious conservatism. Intraditional Chinese society, the concepts of “patriarchal lineage”,“hierarchy” and “dutystandards” were far-reaching .The traditional Marriage Law was influenced by theseconcepts therefore, but which was antagonistic to the concepts of “equality of thesexes”,“individual independence”and “Right Standard”abided by Western identity law. Thecontradiction of legal values would make traditional Marriage Law face more intenseConflict and challenges in the process of the modern transformation of Chinese law. And itcould reflect the standpoint and choice of traditional Marriage Law in the process of themodern transformation, and it could show the transition from spirit to institution.

　　Key words:Marriage legal system modernization;Legal transplant;Legal inheritance

    目 录

　　导 言

　　第一章 民国时期婚姻成立制度变迁

　　一、婚姻成立形式要件变迁

　　二、婚姻成立实质要件变迁

　　（一）法定婚龄

　　（二）婚约

　　三、小结

　　第二章 民国时期婚姻效力变迁

　　一、身份效力变迁

　　二、财产效力变迁

　　三、小结

　　第三章 民国时期离婚制度变迁

　　一、诉请离婚的法定理由变迁

　　二、离婚法律效力变迁

　　（一）离婚后子女监护问题

　　（二）离婚之财产分割问题

　　三、小结

　　第四章 民国时期婚姻法制变迁的启示

　　一、从民国时期婚姻法制变迁看固有法与继受法的整合

　　（一）固有法与继受法的整合之价值基础

　　（二）固有法与继受法的整合之法律技术和制度形态

　　二、从民国时期婚姻法制变迁看国家法与习惯法的整合

　　结论

　　参考文献

　　致 谢