摘 要
近年来，随着经济全球化的不断深入和互联网科技的迅速发展，跨国知识产权流动逐渐加快，然而在知识产权跨国流动的过程中，关于知识产权的纠纷也越来越频繁，进而引发了理论界和实践界对于涉外知识产权保护的探讨，而这其中管辖权和法律适用成为研究、讨论的焦点，由于管辖权和法律适用关系到一国的司法管辖权和立法管辖权，因此受到各国立法和国际公约的格外重视，而研究这一切的前提就是我们对知识产权的地域性必须有一个清晰、全面的认识，具体到管辖权和法律适用中就是地域性管辖原则和地域性法律适用原则。其中地域性管辖原则可以分为地域性司法管辖权原则和地域性行政管辖原则，本文关于管辖权的研究主要集中在地域性司法管辖权原则，在实践中主要体现为专属管辖权。
由于地域性的存在，涉外知识产权领域长期被认为与冲突法无缘，然而随着跨国知识产权侵权纠纷的不断涌现，侵权行为所展现出来的复杂性与多样促使各国迫切需要加强彼此间的司法合作，而地域性框架下的专属管辖则大大限制了对知识产权的保护，是否授予法院对侵权责任进行专属管辖，在理论界引起了极大争议，对众多观点进行梳理，主要分为：专属管辖赞成说和专属管辖反对说。由于专属管辖片面地把知识产权的地域性理解为领土范围，强调立法管辖权和司法管辖权的绝对同一，从而把主权概念绝对化；此外专属管辖主张赋予对知识产权有效性具有专属管辖权的法院对知识产权侵权行使专属管辖的观点也是有问题的，毕竟版权效力普通管辖已经得到越来越多人的认可，因此谈不上版权侵权因其效力属于专属管辖而享有专属管辖的问题，此外专属管辖本身也存在很多内在的矛盾；而专属管辖反对说则将涉外知识产权案件作为一般涉外民商事案件的一个特殊类型，进而采用冲突法的方法进行管辖权的确定，具有一定的优势，但是也存在忽视涉外知识产权侵权案件特殊性的问题，有必要针对涉外知识产权侵权的特点，对传统民商事侵权案件管辖规则进行适当调整，鉴于此笔者认为不应该授予法院在涉外知识产权侵权案件上的专属管辖权。
反观我国，目前并没有关于涉外知识产权案件管辖权的专门立法，实践中也多以《民事诉讼法》和最高人民法院出台的相关司法解释来确定涉外知识产权侵权案件的管辖权，应该说我国在处理涉外知识产权侵权案件管辖权时，较好地遵守了我国法律及相关司法解释精神，可也存在着适用不当，过度管辖的问题，因此笔者建议在未来的立法中借鉴瑞士国际私法的立法模式，在《民事诉讼法》和《涉外民事关系法律适用法》中增加关于涉外知识产权管辖权的规定，同时明确被告住所地在确定管辖权中的优先地位，结合案件具体实际，灵活确定管辖权，实现对权利的有效救济。
至于涉外知识产权侵权案件的法律适用问题，通过对侵权法律适用一般原则和规则的介绍，包括侵权行为地法、法院地法、最密切联系原则和当事人意思自治原则，得出侵权行为地法在确定侵权案件管辖权中的优先地位和适当性，同时关注了最密切联系原则和当事人意思自治原则在侵权领域的新发展和重要地位。笔者以我国出台的《涉外民事关系法律适用法》为主体，结合实际案例论证其在实践中的应用，认为被请求保护地法在多数情况下是适当的，但当侵权行为发生在我国境外时，应结合诸如当事人意思自治、最密切联系原则等其他法律适用原则灵活适用，保证法律适用的准确和判决承认与执行的顺畅。本文采用理论分析法和案例实证法相结合论述了我国涉外知识产权侵权案件的管辖权和法律适用问题，希望通过本文的阐述能够为我国涉外知识产权保护水平的提升做出贡献。
关键词：涉外知识产权案件；地域性；管辖权；法律适用
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of economic globalization and thedeepening of Internet technology, cross-border flow of intellectual property graduallyaccelerated, but in the process of cross-border flow of intellectual property,intellectual property disputes on more and more frequent, and thus lead to atheoretical industry sector to explore and practice of foreign intellectual propertyrights protection, and this one jurisdiction and applicable law to become one of thefocal point, because of jurisdiction and applicable law related to jurisdiction andlegislative jurisdiction of a State, and therefore subject to national legislation andinternational Convention of extra attention, and research of all this is our premise ofintellectual property must have a clear regional, comprehensive knowledge specific tothe jurisdiction and laws applicable in the jurisdiction of the applicable principles isthe principle of territorial and regional laws. The principle of territorial jurisdiction ofwhich can be divided into the principles and the principles of territorial jurisdiction ofthe regional administrative jurisdiction, research article on jurisdiction mainlyterritorial jurisdiction in principle, in practice, mainly for the exclusive jurisdiction.
Due to the existence of regional, foreign field of intellectual property law haslong been considered a conflict for him, but with the transnational intellectualproperty infringement disputes continue to emerge, tort exhibited by the complexityand variety of forcing countries is an urgent need to strengthen judicial cooperationbetween the while under the exclusive jurisdiction of the regional framework isgreatly limited the protection of intellectual property, if the court grants the exclusivejurisdiction of the tort liability, the theory has aroused great controversy, to sort outthe many perspectives, are divided into: exclusive jurisdiction and exclusivejurisdiction in favor of the opposition. Due to the exclusive jurisdiction of theone-sided understanding of intellectual property rights for the regional territory,emphasizing the absolute same legislative jurisdiction and jurisdiction, thus bringingthe concept of absolute sovereignty; in addition to the exclusive jurisdiction conferredon the intellectual property rights advocates have exclusive jurisdiction over thevalidity Court to exercise exclusive jurisdiction of intellectual property infringementview is questionable, after all, the effectiveness of general jurisdiction of copyrighthas been recognized more and more people, and therefore out of the question becauseof the effectiveness of copyright infringement are entitled to the exclusive jurisdictionand exclusive jurisdiction of the problem, in addition to exclusive jurisdiction itself,there are many inherent contradictions; and the exclusive jurisdiction of a special typeof object that will be foreign intellectual property cases as a general foreign-relatedcivil and commercial cases, and thus the method of conflict of laws were establishedjurisdiction, has certain advantages, but there are also ignored IPR infringement casesinvolving foreign particularity problem, it is necessary for the characteristics offoreign-related intellectual property rights infringement, the traditional rules ofjurisdiction in civil and commercial tort cases appropriate adjustments in view of thisI do not think the court should grant the foreign IPR infringement cases exclusivejurisdiction. ROC, there is no specific legislation on foreign jurisdiction overintellectual property cases, the practice is also more to “Civil Law” and the SupremePeople's Court issued the relevant judicial interpretation to determine the jurisdictionof foreign intellectual property rights infringement cases, it should be said that ChinaIn dealing with foreign jurisdiction IPR infringement cases, to better comply with therelevant Chinese laws and judicial interpretations spirit, there can also apply improperjurisdiction over the issue, so I recommend you learn from the Swiss PrivateInternational Law in the next legislative model legislation increased jurisdiction onforeign intellectual property provisions in the “Civil Law” and “foreign-related civilrelations law applicable law,” while explicitly defendant domiciled in a jurisdiction indetermining the priority, combined with specific practical cases, the flexibility todetermine jurisdiction achieve effective relief to the right.
As regards the application of foreign laws and intellectual property infringementcases, through the introduction of tort law applies general principles and rules,including the law of tort. Law of the forum, the most closely related principles andthe principles of party autonomy, come tort law of priority in determining jurisdictionin tort cases and appropriate, while concerned about the most closely relatedprinciples and the principle of party autonomy in the field of tort new developmentsand important position. The author of the introduction of the “foreign-related civilrelations law applicable law” as the subject, combined with actual cases demonstrateits application in practice, consider the law of the requested protection is appropriatein most cases, but when violations occur when foreign country should be combined,such as party autonomy, most closely related to other legal principles applicableprinciples applied flexibly to ensure accurate application of the law and the decisionto admit and smooth execution.
In this paper, theoretical analysis and empirical case Combination discussed theissue of jurisdiction and the law applicable to foreign-related IPR infringement cases,described in this paper hopes to be able to elevate the level of intellectual propertyprotection of our foreign contribute.
Keywords:Intellectual property cases; Territoriality; Jurisdiction;Applicable Law
目 录
引 言
一、解读涉外知识产权案件
（一）我国涉外知识产权案件的判定标准
（二）我国涉外知识产权案件的种类
（三）地域性是研究涉外知识产权案件的关键因素
二、 涉外知识产权侵权案件的管辖权
（一）涉外知识产权侵权案件有关管辖权的理论
（二）我国涉外知识产权侵权案件管辖权现行法律实践及评述
（三）对我国涉外知识产权侵权案件管辖权的启示
三、涉外知识产权侵权案件的法律适用
（一）涉外知识产权侵权法律适用的一般规则和原则
（二）我国涉外知识产权侵权法律适用的法律实践及评述
（三）对我国涉外知识产权侵权案件法律适用的启示
结 论
参考文献
致 谢
