软物质理论的研究现状与未来方向(6)
来源:学术堂 作者:原来是喵
发布于:2016-11-05 共14604字
4 结语
软物质的许多现象都和熵有关, 这就注定了软物质的理论研究离不开热力学统计物理理论。 由于软物质的多自由度特点, 形成了软物质体系的熵比较高, 因而在室温条件下, 熵的贡献就足以与相互作用内能相抗衡, 驱动体系的结构演化, 而多自由度的特点, 又使得在保持系统熵增的前提下, 某个自由度上熵减成为可能, 这可能就是熵驱动自组织现象的来源。 从之前的分析我们可以看出, 弹性理论、相变理论、标度理论、自洽场理论、颗粒物质理论等仍然是理论研究方法的主流。
软物质体系中还有一些重要的动力学理论, 如颗粒物质、黏性问题、扩散问题、介面波的运动等问题均没有在本文提及, 这些领域中也有一些软物质体系重要的理论研究工具和手法。
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