当前农家乐现行法面临的问题研究

　　摘 要

　　随着市场经济的不断发展，城市居民生活水平日益提高，人们渐渐对于城市的娱乐活动，如 KTV、舞厅、产生了厌烦情绪。从 20 世纪 80 年代开始，四川省城都市周围兴起了农家乐的风潮，城里人返璞归真，在周末享受田园生活成为一种流行的休闲方式。但是农家乐处于无法可依的状态，首先从旅游业的角度看旅游法的出台并没有解决农家乐所面临的具体问题，我国农家乐法制建设的现状是民事法全面，行政法集中，传统产业监管较有力，新业态监管处于空白。

　　不仅是这样《物权法》对于农家乐问题的态度也是不明确的，很多地方立法对农家乐的规定是不完善的。其次从土地使用的角度看根据我国《物权法》农村和城市郊区的土地，除由法律规定属于国家所有的以外，属于农民集体所有，宅基地和自留地自留山属于农民集体所有。因此开办农家乐所占用的宅基地，耕地，建设用地都属于农民集体所有的土地。但农民却被农民集体架空，实际上没法完全支配自己的用益物权。根据《土地管理法》63 条，农民集体所有的土地的使用权不得出让，转让或者出租用于非农业建设，但是符合土地利用总体规划并依法取得建设用地的企业，因破产兼并等情形致使土地使用权依法发生转移的除外。这使得宅基地耕地的使用受到了极大地局限。本文通过对相关法律法规和农家乐发展的重要意义，得出结论 63 条的制定背景在现今条件下已经不能适用，尤其是在市场经济的背景之下，土地的作用已经不能仅仅局限于一种对农村的保障，更应当提供给农民适用和支配的权利，而对于农业建设也应该有新的理解。

　　关键词：农家乐，农民集体土地使用权，《物权法》，《土地管理法》，非农建设

　　Abstract

　　With the continuous development of market economy, city residents living levelincreasing, people gradually for the city of entertainment, such as KTV, the ballroom,had a tired feeling. From the beginning of twentieth Century 80 years, Sichuanprovincial capital city around therise of Nongjiale rend, the city people recover one'soriginal simplicity, at the weekend to enjoy the idyllic life become a popular way ofleisure. But the farmhouse in blank state, first look at the “tourism law” introducedrom the angle of tourism does not solve specific problemsfaced by farm music, thestatus quo of China's legal construction of Nongjiale is a civil law comprehensive,centralized supervision administrative law, traditional industries more powerfulnewYetai, supervision in the blank. Secondly, from the perspective of land use seeaccording to China's “property law” in rural and suburban of city land belonging tothe state prescribed by law, in addition to all the outside, belongs to peasants'collective ownership, house sites and private plots hilly land belongs to the collectiveownership of farmers. So start Nongjialeoccupied homestead, cultivated land,construction land belongs to peasants' collective ownership of land. But farmers havebeen farmers collective overhead, in fact no ta full control of one's property.

　　According to the land management law “Article 63, all the peasant collective land userights can not be sold, transferred or leased for non-agricultural construction, butconsistent with the overall land use planning and obtained by enterprises constructionaccording to law, bankruptcy and merger of other reasons for the land userighttransfer occurred except in accordance with the law. This makes use of thehomesteadof arable land has been greatlyl imited.However, throughlegislativeinterpretation of the”property law“ and the ”land management law“ ntentionanalysis, concluded 63 formulation background in today's condition has not suitable,especially under the background of market economy, the role of the land is notconfined to one of the rural security, more should be provided for rights to farmer sanagriculture, and for building should have a new understanding.

　　Key words:Agritainment,collective famers land use rights,land managementlaw, theproperty law
 

　　目 录

　　引 言

　　一、 农家乐的现行法困境

　　（一）《土地管理法》对于农家乐的禁止性规定

　　（二）《物权法》的态度模糊

　　（三）地方立法的混乱

　　二、 解决农家乐现行法困境的紧迫性

　　（一）完善农家乐相关法律的重要性

　　（二）新形势下开放农家乐土地利用的必要性

　　三、 农家乐现行法困境的解决

　　（一）《土地管理法》63 条的重新解释

　　（二）地方立法的尝试

　　结 论

　　参 考 文 献