Ö°³ÆÂÛÎÄ

Äúµ±Ç°µÄλÖãºÑ§ÊõÌà > Ö°³ÆÂÛÎÄ >

·ÖÎö½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÖдýÍêÉÆµÄÎÊÌâ¼°Ó¦¶Ô²ßÂÔ

À´Ô´£º½­Î÷½¨²Ä ×÷ÕߣºÕÅ»ÛÕæ
·¢²¼ÓÚ£º2020-12-31 ¹²2451×Ö

¡¡¡¡ÕªÒª£ºÒÔ½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆºÍ¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµ×÷ΪÇÐÈëµã£¬·ÖÎö½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÖдýÍêÉÆµÄÎÊÌ⣬×ܽáÌáÉý¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÖÊÁ¿µÄÓ¦¶Ô²ßÂÔ¡£

¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì£» ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ£» ¹¤³ÌÔì¼Û£» Ó°Ï죻

¡¡¡¡Abstract:Taking the relationship between the construction project budget preparation and the project cost as the breakthrough point, this paper analyzes the problems to be improved in the construction engineering budget preparation, and summarizes the countermeasures to improve the quality of the budget preparation.

¡¡¡¡Keyword:Construction engineering; Budget estimate; Project cost; Impact;

½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì

¡¡¡¡1 ½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÓ빤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄ¹ØÏµ

¡¡¡¡½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌµÄ¸ÅÔ¤ËãʵÖÊ×÷ÓþÍÊÇ¿ØÖƽ¨ÖþÊ©¹¤ÏîÄ¿ÖÐËùÓл·½Ú»¨Ïú·ÑÓã¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨½¨Öþ²ÄÁϵĹºÂò¼Û¸ñ¡¢Ê©¹¤·Ñ¡¢¼¼Êõ·ÑµÈһϵÁзÑÓõÄÊÕÈ¡±ê×¼£¬Æä²»½öÊǽ¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄ²ÎÕÕÖ¸±ê£¬¸üÊǹ¤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄ»ù´¡¡£ÎªÁ˱£ÕÏͶ×ʵݲȫÐÔ£¬×îÖÕÇö¨Í¶×ÊÄ¿±ê£¬²¢ÔÚÕâÒ»¹ý³ÌÖÐÄܹ»ÊµÊ±ÕÆ¿ØÃ¿Ò»¸öÉæ¼°µ½Ôì¼ÛÔ¤ËãµÄ»·½Ú£¬ËùÓн׶εÄÔ¤ÏÈÔì¼Û·ÑÓñàÖÆ¹¤×÷±ØÐë×öµ½Î»¡£½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÎÞ·¨Æ«ÀëÊг¡×ßÏò£¬ÔÚ½¨ÖþÐÐÒµÕôÕôÈÕÉϵĽñÌ죬½¨ÖþÆóÒµÓ­À´Á˸ü¼Ó¼¤ÁҵľºÕù£¬ÎªÁËÔÚÊг¡¾ºÕùÖÐÓ®µÃ¾ºÕùÓÅÊÆ£¬²»±»Í¬ÐÐÒµÑ¹ÖÆ£¬ÖØÊÓ²¢ÌáÉý¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÖÊÁ¿ÒѳÉΪËùÓн¨ÖþÆóÒµ¹²Í¬µÄÕ½ÒÛ²ßÂÔ£¬ÒòΪÕâÑù²ÅÄÜÔÚ¿ØÖƹ¤³Ì³É±¾µÄͬʱ±£ÕÏ¿ØÖƵĺÏÀíÐԺͿÆÑ§ÐÔ£¬±ÜÃâ²»µ±µÄ¿ØÖÆ»ò¿ØÖÆÎÞЧ¶øÂñÏ·çÏÕÒþ»¼£¬×îÖÕʵÏÖ¾­¼ÃÐ§ÒæÓëÉç»áÐ§ÒæµÄ¹²Ó®¡£»ùÓÚÉÏÊöÕâЩÁ¬´ø¹ØÏµ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛÖ±½ÓÊܵ½½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆµÄÓ°Ï죬¶ø½¨ÖþÐÐÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹Ò²Àë²»¿ª½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷µÄÖ§³Å[1].

¡¡¡¡2 ½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÖиÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷ÓдýÍêÉÆµÄÎÊÌâ

¡¡¡¡2.1 Ô¤Ë㷽ʽ´«Í³ÊؾÉ

¡¡¡¡¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷ÑϸñÀ´Ëµ²¢²»ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÐÂÀíÄîºÍм¼Êõ£¬ÊµÊ©ÉÏ£¬ÔÚ×î³õ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷¾Í±»Ìá³ö²¢ÂäʵӦÓùý³ÌÖУ¬¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷·¢»Ó³öµÄÔöÒæÐ§¹ûÊǷdz£ÏÔÖøºÍ¾Þ´óµÄ£¬µ«Êǵ±Ç°Ô½À´Ô½¶àµÄ½¨ÖþÆóÒµÔÚ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷ÉϳöÏÖÎÊÌ⣬ÆäÎÊÌâÖ÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ×¼È·ÐÔÓëʵʩÇé¿öÓÐןܴóµÄ²îÒ죬ԤËã½á¹û׼ȷÐÔ²»¸ß¡£ÎªÁËÂú×㽨Öþ¹¤³ÌÐèÇ󣬺ܶàеĽ¨Öþ¼¼ÊõµÃÒÔÑÜÉú£¬ÓëÖ®Ïà¶ÔµÄÊǽ¨²ÄÖÖÀàÓ빦ÄܵĶàÑù»¯£¬Îª½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÌṩÁ˸ü¶àµÄÑ¡Ôñ£¬ÔÚÕâÖî¶àµÄ¶¯Ì¬±ä»¯ÖУ¬ÏÔÈ»ÑØÓô«Í³µÄ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÀíÄîÓë·½·¨ÊÇÄÑÒÔÂú×ãʱ´úÓëÊг¡·¢Õ¹ÐèÇóµÄ£¬ÉõÖÁÎÞ·¨Âú×㵱ϴ󱳾°ÐÎʽ¡£

¡¡¡¡2.2 ¸ÅÔ¤ËãÉè¼Æ¹ý³ÌÖÐȱ·¦³ÉÊìµÄÒâʶ

¡¡¡¡Í¨³£Çé¿öÏ£¬¹¤³Ì¿ªÊ¼µÄµÚÒ»²½¾ÍÊǶԽ¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÕ¹¿ª¸ÅÔ¤Ë㣬ÕâÒ»¹ý³ÌÖв»½öÐèÒªÌáǰ¶ÔÊг¡ÐÐÇéÓÐÒ»¸ö³ä·ÖµÄÁ˽⣬¸üÒª¿¼Âǵ½Öî¶à¸ÉÈÅÒòËØ¡£ÕâЩÎÊÌâ¶¼½«×÷Ϊ¸ÅÔ¤ËãÉè¼Æ¹ý³ÌÖв»¿É»òȱµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö£¬Ò»µ©È±·¦¶ÔÕâ·½ÃæµÄÒâʶ£¬ÄÇôÔÚ¹¤³Ì¿ªÕ¹³õÆÚÉè¼ÆµÄ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã¾ÍÒѾ­³öÏÖÁËÒþ»¼£¬ÔÚÒþ»¼»ù´¡ÉÏÖ´ÐеĸÅÔ¤Ëã±ØÈ»»á´íÉÏ¼Ó´í£¬²»½öÄܳöÏֺܶ಻±ØÒªµÄÖ§³ö£¬Ôì³É³¬¹ýÔ¤Ë㷶Χ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²»áÊÇÕû¸ö½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌµÄÊ©¹¤½ø¶ÈÊܵ½Ó°Ï죬ËùÄÜÓ®µÃµÄ¾­¼ÃÐ§Òæ´ó·ù¶È½µµÍ£¬³öÏÖ¿÷Ëð¡£

¡¡¡¡2.3 ËæÒâ¸ü¸ÄÊ©¹¤Éè¼Æ·½°¸

¡¡¡¡Ö®ËùÒÔÔÚÊ©¹¤³õÆÚ»áÕë¶ÔÕû¸öÊ©¹¤Ä¿±êºÍ¹¤×÷Á÷³Ì×öºÃÏà¹ØÉè¼Æ£¬ÎªµÄ²»½ö½öÊÇΪʩ¹¤¹ý³ÌÌṩһ¸öÒýµ¼·½ÏòºÍ²ÎÕÕÄ£±¾£¬¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇͨ¹ýÉè¼Æ·½°¸Äܹ»´ÖÂԵļÆËã³öÔ¤Ë㣬µ«ÊÇÒ»µ©Ê©¹¤¹ý³ÌÖÐÊ©¹¤Éè¼Æ·½°¸Æµ·±µÄ·¢Éú±ä¶¯£¬ÄÇôÿһ´Î±ä¶¯¶¼½«Ó°ÏìןÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷£¬¶Ô¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛÒ²´øÀ´ºÜ´óµÄÓ°Ïì¡£ºÜÓпÉÄÜ»áÔì³É¶îÍâµÄÖ§³ö£¬¼Ó´óÏîÄ¿µÄͶÈë³É±¾¡£

¡¡¡¡2.4 רҵÈËÔ±»ù´¡¼¼Äܲ»×㣬ÅàѵÁ¦¶ÈС

¡¡¡¡ºÜ¶à½¨ÖþÊ©¹¤ÆóÒµÖдÓʸÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷µÄÈËÔ±¶¼Ã»ÓÐÊܹýרҵµÄѵÁ·£¬¶ø¶àÊý½¨ÖþÆóÒµÔÚ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷µÄÅàѵÉÏҲûÓиøÓè×ã¹»µÄÖØÊÓ£¬¼´±ãÓÐЩÆóÒµ¿ªÕ¹ÁËÏà¹ØÅàѵ»î¶¯£¬µ«ÊÇÅàѵÁ¦¶ÈÍùÍùÏà½Ï±¡Èõ£¬ÅàѵÖÊÁ¿Ò²²»¸ß¡£´ÓÊÂÅàѵµÄÖ¸µ¼½ÌʦҲ¶àÊýȱ·¦×¨Òµ¼¼ÄÜ£¬ÆÕ±é¶¼ÊÇÆäËü²¿ÃÅÁÙʱµ÷Dz¹ýÀ´µÄ£¬Ã»ÓÐÍêÉÆµÄ½Ìѧ·½°¸£¬¼ÓÖ®ÕâЩ½ÌʦÓÐ×Å×Ô¼º¹¤×÷£¬ÔÚ½Ìѧʱ¼äºÍ¾«Á¦É϶¼²»³äÔ££¬ÊÚÓèѧԱµÄ֪ʶҲȱ·¦×¨ÒµÐÔ£¬Ôì³ÉÕûÌåÆóÒµ¸ÅÔ¤Ë㹤×÷ÈËÔ±×ÛºÏÄÜÁ¦½Ï²î£¬Ã»ÓÐÄÜÁ¦Ê¤ÈÎÕâ·Ý¹¤×÷¡£

¡¡¡¡3 ½¨Öþ¹¤³ÌÖÐÌáÉý¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÖÊÁ¿µÄ¶ÔÓ¦²ßÂÔ

¡¡¡¡3.1 ¿ªÍز¢³¢ÊÔиÅÔ¤Ë㷽ʽ

¡¡¡¡Ê×ÏÈÒªÈý¨ÖþÆóÒµÖеÄÏà¹Ø¹¤×÷ÈËÔ±Òâʶµ½´«Í³¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ·½Ê½ÄÑÒÔÓ¦¶Ôµ±Ç°¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛÎÊÌâ¡£ÔÚÕâÀïÓ¦µ±³ä·ÖÀûÓöàýÌåÓ뻥ÁªÍøµÄÓÅÊÆ£¬ÍØÕ¹¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¼¼ÊõµÄ»ñȡ;¾¶£¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý»¥ÁªÍøÈ¥Ñ§Ï°¹úÄÚÍâÏȽøµÄ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¼¼Êõ¡£ÁíÍâΪиÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¼¼ÊõÌṩʵ¼ùÓ¦ÓÃÆ½Ì¨£¬ÎªÁ˱ÜÃâÊèÓÚ¶ÔиÅÔ¤Ëã¼¼ÊõµÄ¾«×¼ÕÆÎÕ£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ¹¤³ÌÖÐÔì¼Û½ÏµÍµÄ»·½ÚʵʩиÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¼¼Êõ£¬Ò»·½Ãæ¼´±ãÔ¤Ëã³ö´í£¬ËðʧÍêÈ«ÔÚÖ¹Ëð·¶Î§Ö®ÄÚ£¬ÍêÈ«¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÆäËü·½ÃæÈ¥ÃÖ²¹£¬ÁíÒ»·½ÃæÈÃÄܶÔиÅÔ¤Ëã¼¼ÊõµÄ¿ÉÐÐÐÔÓÐÒ»¸ö½ÏºÃµÄÑéÖ¤£¬ÔÚʵ¼ùÓ¦Óùý³ÌÖлýÀÛʵ¼ù¾­Ñé¡£

¡¡¡¡3.2 ¼ÓÇ¿¶ÔͼֽµÄÁ˽⣬²¢ÕÆÎÕÉè¼ÆµÄÏà¹ØÒâͼ

¡¡¡¡Éè¼ÆÍ¼Ö½ÓëÊ©¹¤ÖÊÁ¿ÓëÊ©¹¤³É±¾ÓÐ×ÅÃÜÇйØÁª£¬½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹ý³ÌÖбØÐë¶Ô¸Ã¹¤³ÌÖÊÁ¿ÓÐÒ»¸öÃ÷È·µÄÈÏʶ£¬Îª´Ë£¬ÐèÒª¶ÔÉè¼ÆÍ¼Ö½ÖеÄÄÚÈÝÓÐÒ»¸öÈ«ÃæµÄÁ˽⣬ͨ¹ý×Ðϸ¹Û²ìÉè¼ÆÍ¼Ö½È¥¶Ô½¨ÖþÉè¼ÆÒâͼÓÐÒ»¸ö׼ȷµÄÔ¤ÅУ¬ÕâÊǼÆË㹤³ÌÁ¿²»¿É»òȱµÄÖØÒª×é³É²¿·Ö¡£ËùÓвÎÓë¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆµÄ¹¤×÷ÈËÔ±ÔÚÕ¹¿ªÔ¤Ë㹤×÷ǰ¶¼ÒªÒÀ¾ÝÊ©¹¤Í¼Ö½À´Õ¹¿ªÔ¤Ë㣬½«Öظ´¼ÆËã»ò¼ÆËãç¢Â©µÈÏÖÏó×î´ó»¯¿ØÖÆ£¬Ö»ÓÐÕâÑù£¬²ÅÄÜ´Ó¸ù±¾ÉÏÌá¸ß²¢±£Ö¤¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆµÄ׼ȷÂÊ¡£

¡¡¡¡3.3 ¼á³Ö¿Í¹ÛµÄ·ÖÎö½¨ÖþÊг¡£¬×öºÃ¼Û¸ñ²îµ÷Õû¹¤×÷

¡¡¡¡¸ÅÔ¤ËãµÄÔ¤ËãÄÚÈݰüÀ¨½¨Öþ²ÄÁÏ£¬¶ø½¨Öþ²ÄÁϵļ۸ñÊÇËæÊг¡²¨¶¯¶ø²úÉú±ä»¯µÄ£¬ËùÒÔÿһ´ÎµÄ¸ÅÔ¤Ëã¶¼Òª½áºÏÊг¡ÉÌÆ·µÄ¼Û¸ñ×ßÊÆÀ´½øÐУ¬Îª´Ë£¬ÐèҪʱ¿Ì¹Ø×¢²¢Á˽⹤³ÌÖÐËùÐ轨²ÄÔÚÊг¡µÄ×îм۸ñ¡£ÁíÍ⣬Êг¡µÄ±ä»¯ÎÞʱÎ޿̲»ÔÚ½øÐÐÖУ¬ÕâÒ²ÊÇÊг¡¶¯Ì¬·¢Õ¹µÄÌåÏÖ£¬ÎªÁ˱ÜÃâ¸ÅÔ¤ËãµÄºóÖªºó¾õ£¬±£ÕϸÅÔ¤Ëã²ÎÕÕÊý¾ÝÓëʱ¾ã½ø£¬Í¬Êг¡±ä»¯ÏàÆ¥Åä¡£

¡¡¡¡4 ½áÊøÓï

¡¡¡¡×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷¶Ô¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛÓÐ×ÅÖ±½ÓµÄÓ°Ï죬±¾ÎÄͨ¹ý¶Ô½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆÓ빤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄ¹ØÏµ½øÐÐÁ˲ûÊö£¬Í¬Ê±Ö¸³öÁ˵±Ç°½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¹¤×÷ÖдæÔÚµÄÎÊÌ⣬²¢Õë¶ÔÐÔµÄÌá³öÁËÏà¹ØÍêÉÆ²ßÂÔ£¬Ï£ÍûÄܹ»¶ÔÏà¹ØÁìÓò´øÀ´Ò»¶¨µÄ°ïÖú¡£

¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×

¡¡¡¡[1] ÖìÓíØ©¡£½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¶Ô¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄÓ°ÏìÓë¶Ô²ß[J].שÍßÊÀ½ç£¬2020£¨8£©£º170.

×÷Õßµ¥Î»£º¸£½¨Ë®ÀûµçÁ¦Ö°Òµ¼¼ÊõѧԺ
Ô­Îijö´¦£ºÕÅ»ÛÕæ.½¨Öþ¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤Ëã±àÖÆ¶Ô¹¤³ÌÔì¼ÛµÄÓ°Ïì·ÖÎö[J].½­Î÷½¨²Ä,2020(07):205+207.
Ïà¹ØÄÚÈÝÍÆ¼ö
Ïà¹Ø±êÇ©£º¹¤³Ì¸ÅÔ¤ËãÖ°³ÆÂÛÎÄ
·µ»Ø£ºÖ°³ÆÂÛÎÄ