【摘要】：价格约谈是政府为了稳定物价水平、规范市场秩序，有关行政部门约请市场主体（企业或者行业协会）的负责人，通过座谈会的形式，了解企业的经营状况，听取企业的意见和建议，向其讲解价格政策、相关法律法规等方式进行沟通，以期望达到稳定物价和稳定市场秩序目的。从传统的一元性、单向性，法律和执法活动都围绕着以国家为中心进行经济监管活动的国家管理模式，到现代的二元性、交互性，监管双方主体协商一致，共同完成执法目标的监管模式；从以财政、税收、金融等间接手段为主的宏观调控模式到以反垄断法、规制市场价格等直接作用于市场主体的微观调控模式，现实生活中价格约谈这种以主体协商一致，直接作用于市场主体的监管模式被大量频繁的运用。但是看似简单的政府与监管主体的沟通谈话方式，其中涉及到多方主体的利益。这种政府的监管模式没有立法上的依据，对相关方的权利义务、职责、具体运行程序法律上都没有清楚的规定。然而价格约谈是通过直接规制经济主体的任意涨价行为，达到稳定市场秩序的目的，其直接性、非强制性、沟通谈话性等显着特征与经济法中微观调控相符，所以本文从经济法的角度对价格干预中约谈的运行机制，为什么会取得可观的成效，以及运行中存在的问题展开分析。
在此问题的基础上，本文分为五个部分对上述问题进行讨论。
导论部分，本文对新闻媒体大量报道的价格约谈事件和政府为了抑制高房价而颁布的“限价令”进行对比观察分析，同时对相关的政策法规，国内为数不多的相关理论文章进行梳理分析，以找到本文的研究起点。
第二部分，本文首先对价格约谈中的典型事例--联合利华被国家发改委约谈事件，从沟通行动理论和微观调控理论的角度对该事件进行分析，再对税务约谈、审计约谈、行政管理等约谈行为进行大致的介绍，以及目前约谈所产生的效果进行分析，从而得出本文的问题即：价格约谈的现实困境一一为什么政府会频繁的选择约谈这种非正式的规范来规范企业的涨价行为？现实中的价格约谈是怎样运行的？价格约谈的法律属性是什么？
第三部分，本文对价格约谈的内涵，范围、主体、功能、性质的法律属性，以及价格约谈的具体运行机制的论述分析，从而在经济法中找到价格约谈的法律属性即：属于国家干预经济中的微观监管层面，是一种创新的价格规制手段。
第四部分，论述价格约谈在我国现行的法律框架中运行，具有国内的反垄断法和解制度和香港喝咖啡制度，国外的宽恕制度等理论支撑；以及在本国被广泛的使用、具有丰富的成功经验等实践基础。通过这些论述为价格约谈在我国经济法中运行找到理论上和实践上的制度支撑。还有得出价格约谈因为在我国的实践中取得了同法律硬性规定同样的执法效果，所以被频繁的使用。
第五部分，通过以上主要分析价格约谈的制度构造中应该坚持的几大原则和价值取向、启动程序、结果处理等原则。为价格约谈能在经济法中运行，搭建起一个理论的框架。
通过上述分析本文发现，价格约谈属于种类繁多的约谈中一种，具有非强制性、直接性等典型特征，通过对其运过程的分析，得出虽然其是一种“软性”的执法方式，但是却达到了同硬法一样的执法效果，具有预防经济犯罪的效果，所以虽然价格约谈不是一种经济手段但是却被广泛的运用来规制经济，另外这些特征也符合经济法中微观调控范畴中经济规制的特点。
【关键词】：价格约谈 经济规制 软性执法 沟通行动
Abstract：Price interviews are used to stabilize the price level, standardize the marketorder by government departments, they invite the person who in charge of themarket（enterprises or industry associations）， let them understand the businesssituation of enterprises in the form of seminars, listen to the comments andsuggestions, explain price policies, laws and regulations related to communication.
In order to achieve the purpose of price stability and the stable market order. Fromthe national management mode which is the traditional unified, one-way, legal andlaw enforcement activities around the state-centered economic regulatoryactivities .to Modern Management mode which interactive, regulatory actionconsensus together to accomplish the law enforcement objectives. From financialmacro-control mode which is mainly by finance or taxation, to the Micro ControlMode which directs the role in the Anti-Monopoly Law, regulatory the marketprice of the main players in the market. It is used frequently by the governmentwhat is the main consensus and directly effect on the main players in the market,but this communication between the government and regulatory bodies whichrelates to a multi-party body raultistate holder seems simple, which involves amulti-subject multi-stakeholder Actually, there is no rules provisions clearly therights and obligations of the parties, duties, specific operating procedures fromlegislation.
The purpose of the Price Interview is to directly regulate price behavior of theeconomic subjects to stable market order. Its significant regulation consistentmicroscopic characteristics and economic law, such as behaved directly, nostrengthen, communicative. This article discourse from the perspective ofeconomic law on the price intervention mechanism, to analysis why it achievesconsiderable success. And the problems during the operation.
The discussion of these issues on the basis of these problems and the paper isdivided into five parts.
The introductory part of this paper observes and analysis a large number ofnews media reported the price interviews events and promulgated by thegovernment in order to curb high prices “limit order1',and to sort out the relevantpolicies and regulations, one of the few theoretical articles analysis in order tolocate the starting point of this study.
The second part,this article analyzes typical example of the Price Interview 一Unilever was interviewed by the National Development and Reform Commission,from the point of the commimicative action theory and Micro-control theory, thenintroduces Tax interviews, the audit interviews, administrative interviews behaviorroughly, As well as analysis the affections of the current interviews. At last getsthis article: the dilemma of Price Interview why the governm^it frequentlychooses to interview to regulate the prices of corporate behavior? The price ofinterviews is how to run in real life? What is the legal property of the Priceinterview?
The third part, the connotation, the scope, the main function, the nature of thelegal attributes,the operational mechanism and the specific discourse of the Priceinterview will be analyzed. The law attributes of Price interviewed in theEconomic Law will be discussed: the price interview is belonging to stateintervention in the micro-economic regulatory levels, is an. innovative means ofprice regulation.
The Fourth part discusses the price interview run in the current legalframework, drinking coffee system; the foreign forgiveness system as well as thedomestic antitrust reconciliation systan is theoretical suppuration. And it be usedextensively and has a wealth of successful experience, Price Interview besupported by titiese discussions on the theory and practice system in economic law.
It is used frequently, because tbe Price interview made mandatory with the law thesame effect of law enforcement because of the practice.
The fifth part,though aaalysis system constructed should adhere to a fewprinciples, values orientation and start the program, results processing principle.
For the price interview erected a theoretical framework in Economic Law.
Through the above analysis, we find that &e price interview is a wide rangeof interview with a non-mandatory, direct and other typical characteristics, throughthe analysis of its running process Obtain price interview is a kind of ”soft“ way oflaw enforcement,but it reached the effect of a ”Rigid“ law. It can prevent theeconomic-crime, Therefore, although the price interview is not an economic meansbut is widely used to regulate economic. In addition, these features also conformsthe economic law of controversy areas of economic regulation characteristics.
Keywords: Price Interview, Regulating economic, Flexibleenforcement tools, Theory of Communicative Action
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