摘要：马克思自然观是在对近代自然观特别是黑格尔和费尔巴哈自然观反思批判的基础上形成的，它为正确处理人与自然的关系提供了一个科学的分析框架，是当代中国实现科学发展的思想基础。近代以来，随着主体性的张扬和科技理性扩张，人实现了对自然的全面征服和占有，人与自然的矛盾日渐突出，社会发展面临着严重的本体危机。改革开放以来，中国社会发展所取得的成就举世瞩目，但人与自然的矛盾同样尖锐，如何汲取马克思自然观的思想精粹，推动中国社会的科学发展就成为人们普遍关注的一个热点话题。马克思自然观认为，自然是社会发展的本体基础，人类的实践活动联系了人与自然界，人与自然的关系体现着人与人的关系。本文在深入挖掘马克思自然观的思想富源的同时，着重剖析了当代社会发展面临的本体危机的具体表现及其成因，认为人类中心主义价值观、以经济增长为中心的发展观、掠夺式和占有式的发展方式以及物欲化的生活方式和消费方式是造成本体危机的根源。当代中国社会要实现科学发展必须以马克思自然观为指导，确立生态中心主义价值观，树立“以人为本”的科学发展观，选择“天人合一”的发展方式，倡扬优雅的生活方式和消费方式。
关键词：马克思；自然观；当代中国；本体危机；科学发展观；路径
Abstract
Marx's view of nature is in the modern view of nature is to form the basis of Hageland Feuerbach's view of nature on the reflection and criticism, and provide a scientificframework for understanding its relationship between man and nature, is the ideologicalbasis of contemporary Chinese to realize scientific development. Since modern times,with the subjectivity and rationality of science and technology expansion, people realizethe comprehensive nature of conquest and occupation, the contradiction between manand nature has become increasingly prominent, the social development is facing a seriouscrisis of ontology. Since the reform and opening up, the social development Chineseachievements attract worldwide attention, but also a sharp contradiction between manand nature, how to learn from Marx's view of nature thought essence, promote thescientific development of China society will become a hot topic of common concern tothe people. Marx's view of nature contains a rich content, Marx thought, the naturalontology is the foundation of social development, the practice is the link between manand nature, the relationship between man and nature embodies the relationship betweenpeople and people. The view of nature in Marx's thought of Fuyuan dig at the same time,analyzes the concrete manifestation and the causes of the crisis facing the body ofcontemporary social development, that the value of anthropocentrism, development witheconomic growth as the center of the view, the development mode of predatory andpossessive and materialistic lifestyles and consumption patterns is the root the crisiscaused by the body. The Chinese society to achieve scientific development must be basedon Marx's view of nature as a guide, the establishment of eco centrism values, establish a“people-oriented” concept of scientific development, select the “harmony between manand nature development mode”, advocating elegant way of life and consumption.
The professional study of Marx philosophy student: Song QixianTutor: Professor Yang Liangcai
Key words: Marx; View of nature; Contemporary Crisis Chinese; Ontology;Scientific Development Concept; Path
目 录
绪 论
（一）选题背景和研究意义
（二）研究现状
（三）研究思路与方法
一、马克思自然观的主要内容
（一）马克思自然观的思想基础
（二）马克思自然观的主要内容
（三）马克思自然观与科学发展观的关系
二、当代社会发展的本体危机
（一）本体危机的表现
（二）本体危机的成因
三、中国实现科学发展的路径选择
（一）当代中国发展观的演变
（二）中国实现科学发展的路径选择
参考文献
谢 辞
