摘要
新生代农民工是建设社会主义新农村的中坚力量，也是推动农业现代化建设的主力军。近年来，在“大众创业·万众创新”的热潮下，新生代农民工群体不断涌现回流态势，回到家乡开始自主创业，不断实现自我价值和社会价值。那么，研究新生代农民工为什么返乡创业、在返乡创业中遇到哪些问题、如何更好地实现返乡创业就是本文要研究的重点。
为了更加精准和真实的了解新生代农民工返乡创业的状况，笔者从对江苏省镇江市返乡创业的新生代农民工的调查研究上，剖析他们返乡创业的缘由和现状；从内部、外部、自身等角度提出正确引导新生代农民工返乡创业的意见和建议，希望能够通过此篇论文对新生代农民工更好地、有序地返乡创业提供参考。
本篇论文主要分为六章，内容如下：
第一章是引言部分。首先导出研究新生代农民工返乡创业的现实意义和理论意义，研究这个问题不仅是对创业理论体系的补充和丰富，也具有帮助推动我国农村经济发展乃至整个国民经济发展的现实意义；接着介绍国内外研究情况；最后介绍本文的研究方法。
第二章是对新生代农民工的基本概念和相关理论依据做阐释。首先，介绍新生代农民工的概念；其次，介绍新生代农民工返乡创业的意义和概念；再次，从马克思关于农业劳动力转移的经典阐述、马克思关于剩余劳动力的基本思想、社会阶层理论、“以人为本”理论四个方面提出研究的理论依据。
第三章是对江苏省镇江市新生代农民工返乡创业情况进行调查。通过发放调查问卷和面对面访谈的形式，实地走访创业项目，得出新生代农民工返乡创业缘由、婚恋交友情况、以及五种返乡创业的模式等数据和素材分析。
第四章是把新生代农民工返乡创业与就业进行对比。分析两者在经济上、生活上、社会认同度上的不同之处。
第五章是分析新生代农民工返乡创业遇到的问题及其原因。主要从人力资本困境、外部关联缺陷、培育机制不够健全三个方面进行分析。
第六章是提出帮助实现新生代农民工返乡创业的建议。主要是从提升新生代农民工素质、优化新生代农民工返乡创业外部环境、完善新生代农民工返乡创业的政策等三个提出有针对性的有效措施。
通过上述研究，新生代农民工返乡创业受到外部环境的引导，还受到自身发展需求的驱动，因此，在创业过程中不仅会受到自身科学文化水平的制约，还会遇到城乡二元结构、土地流转困难等外部环境的制约。为了解决这些问题，我们必须凝聚政府、社会、自身三方的力量，不断提高新生代农民工文化软实力和创业软环境，为新农村建设添砖加瓦。
关键词：新生代农民工，返乡，创业
Abstract
New generation migrant workers are the backbone of the construction of socialismnew countryside, is also the main force of agricultural modernization. In recent years, weencourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations, under thewave ,new generation migrant workers constantly emerge to return home to start theirown businesses,who constantly realize self-value and social value. So,why the newgeneration migrant workers return home to to start their own businesses, what are theproblems in the progress, how to achieve success is the focus of this paper to study.
In order to understand the status,the author analyze the causes and status from theinvestigation of the new generation of migrant workers returning home of zhenjiang cityin jiangsu province;From the perspective of internal and external, make correct opinionsand the suggestions to the new generation of migrant workers .
This paper is mainly divided into six chapters, the content is as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction section. Firstly,it analyzes practical significanceand theory significance of new generation migrant workers return home to start their ownbusinesses.Research on this question is an extension of entrepreneurship theory and apowerful move to promote rural economic development in China and even the entirenational economic development; Secondly, it introduces domestic and foreign researchsituation; Lastly, it introduces the research method in this paper.
The second chapter is about the basic concept of new generation migrant workers andthe related theoretical basis. First of all, it introduces the concept of the new generation ofmigrant workers; Secondly, it introduces the meaning and concept of the new generationof migrant workers return home to start their own businesses; lastly,it proposes theresearch theory basis from four aspects of the marxist classic elaboration on agriculturallabor transfer, Marx about the surplus labor force, social stratum theory, and“human-oriented” theory .
The third chapter is investigation of new generation migrant workers return home tostart their own businesses in zhenjiang city of jiangsu province .Through the form ofquestionnaires,face-to-face interviews,and visiting entrepreneurial projects, it is concludedthat data and material analysis of the causes and the new generation of migrant workersreturn home to start their own businesses,Online dating and five home business model .
The forth chapter is to contrast the new generation of migrant workers return home tostart their own businesses and employment.It analysis differences in the economy, life andsocial perception.
The fifth chapter is to analyze the problems and reasons of the new generation ofmigrant workers return home to start their own businesses.It analyzes three aspects mainlyfrom the human capital, external associated defects and imperfect cultivating mechanism.
The sixth chapter is to put forward opinions and suggestions to promote the newgeneration of migrant workers return home to start their own businesses.It put forwardthree effective measures from the new generation workers' own quality, optimizing theexternal environment and improve the policy.
Through the above research, the new generation workers was driven by not only theexternal environment, but also by their own development demand. In the process,therefore,they will not only restricted by their own scientific and cultural level, but alsoby the external environment such as urban and rural dual structure, difficulties of landcirculation.In order to solve these problems, we must assemble the force of government,society and people, constantly improve the new generation migrant workers'cultural softpower and soft environment, to contribute to the new rural construction.
Key words: new generation of migrant workers, return home , to start their ownbusinesses
目 录
摘要
Abstract
目 录
第一章 引言
第一节 研究的现实意义和理论意义
第二节 国内外研究现状及趋势
第三节 研究方法
第四节 创新与不足
第二章 新生代农民工的基本概念和相关理论支撑
第一节 新生代农民工的基本概念
第二节 新生代农民工返乡创业的意义和概念
第三节 相关理论支撑
一、农业劳动力转移阐述
二、剩余劳动力思想
三、社会阶层理论
四、“以人为本”理论
第三章 新生代农民工返乡创业的调查--以江苏省镇江市为例
第一节 调查过程简介
第二节 调查结果分析
第三节 镇江市新生代农民工返乡创业模式
一、农民专业合作社模式
二、朋辈创业模式
三、电商创业模式
四、自主创业模式
五、家庭农场创业模式
第四章 新生代农民工返乡创业与就业比较分析
第一节 两者收入情况比较分析
第二节 两者生活情况比较分析
第三节 两者社会认同度比较分析
第五章 新生代农民工返乡创业存在的问题及原因分析
第一节 人力资本困境
一、自身文化程度有限
二、科学素质水平不高
三、传统农民思想桎梏
四、自主创业经验匮乏
第二节 外部关联缺陷
一、创业资金匮乏
二、土地流转困难重重
三、农业补贴机制不完备
四、城镇发展的息息相关
五、二元结构的消极影响
六、社会化服务不平衡
第三节 培育机制不健全
一、培育内容陈旧
二、培育师资滞后
三、培育模式单一
四、培育经费短缺
第六章 促进新生代农民工返乡创业的建议
第一节 提升新生代农民工素质
一、增强精准引导和宣传，提高心理素质
二、灵活设置培训内容，提高学习素质
三、大力推进农业教育改革，提高专业素质
第二节 优化外部环境
一、长效化建立土地流转机制
二、效率化加速城镇化建设
三、一体化探索城乡建设机制
四、社会化健全农业服务体系
第三节 完善助推新生代农民工返乡创业的政策
一、立法保障职业农民发展
二、健全职业农民准入制度
三、加强顶层制度设计
四、优化融资贷款环境
五、合作社抱团取暖
六、打造创业孵化基地
参考文献
致 谢
