内容摘要
伴随着改革开放三十多年的发展,我国在经济发展领域取得举世瞩目的成就,综合国力和人民生活水平得到大幅度提升。但由于国家体制改革相对滞后于经济发展,政府在经济运行中起决定性作用,加之法律体系、监督机制尚不健全,形成巨大寻租空间,从而导致大量国家工作人员出现贪污、受贿等职务犯罪出现,这些问题严重威胁了党和政府公信力以及社会的长治久安。检察机关作为宪法规定法律监督监督机关,承担着打击职务犯罪的重要职能。但近十年来,职务犯罪多发,并且呈现出隐蔽化、智能化等趋势,因此在发现犯罪以及打击方面造成更大的难度。伴随刑事诉讼法的修改,非法证据排除制度的引入以及辩护制度的完善,加上法院在认定犯罪的证据标准方面更为严格。这些都给职务犯罪侦查工作带来严峻的挑战,此前过度依赖口供的传统侦查模式已经不适应当前的司法环境。职务犯罪属于经济犯罪的一种,与经济活动、财务账目有着密切联系,因此在职务犯罪侦查中运用司法会计,将会在职务犯罪侦查以及司法认定方面发挥重大作用。
检察机关成立司法会计机构至今已经有近三十年的时间,其在职务犯罪侦查领域的作用愈发明显。但目前,司法实践中存在司法会计使用率相对较低,侦查人员的观念有待更新对于司法会计的重视不够,此外司法会计在操作环节也较为混乱缺乏规范等诸多问题。更为重要的是司法会计应用在职务犯罪侦查领域的研究相对较少,因此针对这个问题开展深入研究对于司法实践有着重要的意义。
本文包括六个部分:第一部分是引言部分,主要阐述论文的研究背景、理论研究背景与研究目的与意义、研究方法、创新点等内容;正文第一章是司法会计和职务犯罪侦查理论概述,包括(一)司法会计概念及内容,其中还包括司法会计检查、司法会计鉴定的概念及内容;(二)职务犯罪概念及内容,涵盖了职务犯罪现状及危害等内容,此外还有对职务犯罪侦查的概念及内容的阐述;第二章是论述司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的作用,分别从司法会计与职务犯罪侦查的关系、司法会计介入职务犯罪侦查的客观要求、司法会计在职务犯罪具体作用几个方面加以论证;并通过几个典型职务犯罪类型来具体论证司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的作用。第三章是司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中应用情况的调查,包括总体数据概述及分析,以及北京市检察系统情况分析,发现实践中存在对司法会计使用率较低,重视程度不足的问题;在这一章节的后半部分,本文对北京市检察系统办理的四起职务犯罪案件中应用司法会计的情况进行详细分析,并逐个案例进行深入分析点评;第四章是对于司法会计应用于职务犯罪侦查的若干建议,包括(一)建议尽快完善证据立法,促进司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的应用更加规范。(二)针对目前职务犯罪侦查中应用司法会计存在的问题,建议加大对职务犯罪侦查人员关于司法会计专业知识的培训、将具备司法会计专业技能的人才更多配备给基层司法机关。最后一部分是结论。
关键词:司法会计 犯罪掩盖 职务犯罪 证据规则
ABSTRACT
Along with the reform and development of open thirty years, ourcountry gained the success that attract worldwide attention in the field ofeconomic development,Comprehensive national strength and people'sliving standards improve.But because of the national system reformrelatively lags behind economic development, the government plays adecisive role in economic operation,the related supervisory mechanism isnot sound, forming a huge rent-seeking space,resulting in a number ofnational staff bribery crimes, corruption appears,these problems seriouslythreaten the credibility of the party and the government and the society.Theprocuratorial organ as prescribed in the constitution supervision organ oflegal supervision plays a very important function in cracking down thecrime. But in the past ten years, the duty crime prone, and showing a subtleand intelligent trend, thus resulting in greater difficulty in finding andcracking down on the crime.With the amendment of the criminal procedurelaw, perfect the exclusion of illegal evidence system is introduced and thedefense system, coupled with the court in the cognizance of criminalevidence standard is more stringent. These are to the duty crimeinvestigation work has brought serious challenges, the traditionalinvestigation mode after excessive dependence has not adapted to thecurrent situation of oral confession.A crime belongs to the economic crimes,and economic activity, financial accounts are closely linked, so theapplication of forensic accounting in the duty crime investigation, play amajor role in the duty crime investigation will investigation and judicialcognizance.
Procuratorial organs established judicial accounting institution hasbeen nearly thirty years, in the field of duty crime investigation effect moreobvious. But at present, in the judicial practice has the judicial accountinguse rate is relatively low, to be updated for the lack of judicial accountingfocus investigation personnel's idea, many problems in judicial accountingin operation link is also more chaotic the lack of standards.More importantis the study of judicial accounting application in the field of duty crimeinvestigation is relatively small, so the perfection of the research of thisaspect is of important significance to the judicial practice.
The first chapter is the introduction of the research background,theoretical background, research methods, innovative points and so on. Thefirst chapter is the concept and content of judicial accounting, including (1)the concept and content of judicial accounting, including the concept andcontent of judicial accounting, including the concept and content of JudicialAccounting, including the concept and content of judicial accounting,including the concept and content of judicial accounting. (second) theconcept and content of judicial accounting. (two) the concept and content.
To demonstrate ; and through several typical duty crimes to demonstratethe role of judicial accounting in the investigation of duty crimes. The thirdchapter is the investigation of the application of judicial accounting in theduty crime investigation, including the overall data summary and analysis,and the Beijing procuratorial system analysis, found that the practice of thejudicial accounting use rate is low, attention to the extent of the problem, inthis chapter, the author of the four cases in Beijing City, the application ofjudicial accounting, and one case for the investigation of the duty crime,including (a) proposed to improve the evidence legislation, and promote theapplication of judicial accounting in the duty crime investigation. (two) inview of the existing problems of the application of judicial accounting inthe present job crime investigation, it is suggested to increase the trainingof the professional knowledge of the judicial accounting, and the personnelwith the professional skills of judicial accounting should be equipped withthe basic judicial organs. The last part is the conclusion.
KEY WORDS: forensic accounting; Crime concealment;duty crime;Rule of evidence,
目 录
引 言
一、选题意义和研究背景
二、理论研究背景
三、研究目的与意义
四、研究思路与研究方法
五、本文的创新点
第一章 司法会计和职务犯罪侦查的相关基础理论
一、司法会计的概念及内容
(一)司法会计概念
(二)司法会计的分类
(三)司法会计的基础理论
(四)司法会计检查和司法会计鉴定
二、职务犯罪及侦查
(一)职务犯罪的概念
(二)职务犯罪的特点及产生原因分析
(三)职务犯罪现状及危害性
(四)职务犯罪侦查
第二章 司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的作用
一、司法会计与职务犯罪侦查的关系
二、职务犯罪侦查需要司法会计为其提供证据支持
(一)职务犯罪证据类型的单一性
(二)职务犯罪手段的隐蔽性和嫌疑人较强的反侦查能力
(三)刑事诉讼法修改导致证据标准的提高
三、司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的作用
(一)核实犯罪线索,明确侦查方向
(二)鉴别和固定证据
四、典型职务犯罪与司法会计应用
(一)贪污犯罪与司法会计
(二)贿赂犯罪与司法会计
第三章 司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中应用情况的调查
一、司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中应用的概况
二、典型案例与司法会计应用
(一)司法会计在“5.08”专案中的应用
(二)北京市 S 区检察院反贪局近五年办案实践
第四章 对进一步发挥司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中的作用的若干建议与设想
一、尽快完善证据立法,使司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中发挥更大作用
(一)现有法律缺少使用司法会计的证据规范
(二)前辈学者在制定相关规范方面的努力
(三)制定司法会计在职务犯罪侦查中应用的证据规则
二、加大职务犯罪侦查部门的司法会计培训和人员配备
(一)加强基层职务犯罪侦查部门的司法会计力量投入
(二)加大对于基层职务犯罪侦查部门侦查人员关于司法会计方面的培训
结 论
参考文献