摘 要
“村改居”作为新型城镇化建设的重要内容，是农村经济结构调整和新兴城镇化建设发展的需要，是实现建设社会主义新农村和提高城镇居民生活水平目标的重要途径。
“村改居”工作的顺利实施，对于实现以“城乡统筹、生产集约、产业互动、生态宜居、和谐发展”为基本特征的新兴城镇化建设，促进大中小城市、小城镇、新型农村社区的共同协调发展、互促共进，走共同富裕的道路，都具有重要的社会意义。这也是十八大报告中提出的“富强、民主、文明、和谐，倡导自由、平等、公正、法治，倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善”社会主义核心价值观的首要任务。
“村改居”居民社会保险体系的建设是一项非常复杂和艰难的基础性工作，既涉及到“村改居”劳动力就业问题，又涉及到弱势群体的保护、社区公共服务设施的建设、社区综合治安稳定管理、社区保障基金筹集和使用等诸多方面。研究“村改居”居民社会保险问题的实施策略，积极稳妥地推进新型城镇化建设，搞好“城中村”、小城镇的综合改造，服务于居民的再就业和社区服务保障工作，是农村建设法律保障体系的重要政治任务。
本文从全国性“村改居”工作实施的实际情况出发，分析“村改居”居民社会保险体制的建设，以群众关注焦点为中心，针对社区改造中存在的法律依据不全，措施不力、地方政府或村集体截留土地转让资金导致的群众矛盾突出、社区保障机制不完善、社区管理不规范等问题，进行全面分析，在各地试点经验基础上，结合地方实际情况，分析了“村改居”过程中社会保险工作的推进策略。
研究中采取了文献研究法、比较分析法、专家论证法和案例分析法等研究方法，对“村改居”居民社会保险问题进行了深入研究，提出“村改居”工程在目前我国新型城镇化建设中的重要意义；分析了“村改居”工程的发展现状以及存在的“村改居”居民就业困难、社保资金来源单一、“村改居”土地开发利用率低、社保形式单一保障水平低以及社保覆盖率低等问题，阐述了社会保障实施的权利保障原则、普通型原则、平等性原则、基本生活保障与提高生活质量相结合的原则。对制约“村改居”社会保障问题存在的内在因素进行了剖析；提出现有环境下“村改居”社区发展趋势、社会保险制度在“村改居”社区改造中应起的作用，认为加强“村改居”工程的社会保障工作，有利于提高新社区居民社会福利保障水平，保护弱势群体，并且在促进居民就业与城镇可持续发展、优化资源结构等方面，具有重大的作用和意义。
通过 “村改居”后社区居民社会保险存在的难点和重点问题，提出了较为可行的解决方案，包括：在合理界定资产处理与转移方式、制定“村改居”居民社会保险的标准，确定社会保障体系的覆盖范围、拓展“村改居”居民社会保险资金筹集渠道基础上建立“村改居”居民社会保险体系；合理界定集体资产的范围和权属、建立集体资产管理程序等措施，加强集体资产的管理，以此来解决“村改居”居民社会保险资金的来源；通过扩大就业渠道合理安置社区居民、加强社区公共设施建设、优化社区内部资源、建立就业与养老保障公众服务平台等一系列配套政策制度与改革等策略，建立科学合理的“村改居”居民社会保险机制，从而建立有利于公益城市、和谐社区的改造策略，促进城镇化建设大局的稳定，创造和谐、民主、富强与文明的社会。
“村改居”是一项系统工程，涉及社区建设的诸多方面，社区居民在身份转换过程中所遇到的就业、村集体资金的合理使用与再分配，以及城乡居民社会保障制度的衔接等问题，直接关系到新社区的和谐发展和可持续发展。因此，“村改居”社会保险问题的研究，对于完善“村改居”新兴城镇化建设的目标和促进群众生活水平的提高，都具有重要的社会意义和现实意义。
关键词：“村改居”;城镇化建设；社会保险；资源优化
Abstract
“ The villagers to residents ” as an important content of the construction of the new typeof urbanization, rural economic structure adjustment and the needs of the development ofemerging urbanization construction, is to realize the construction of new socialist countrysideand the important way to improve the level of urban residents life goals. “ The villagers toresidents ” the smooth implementation of work, for the implementation to the “urban and ruralareas as a whole, the intensive production, industrial interaction, ecological livable andharmonious development” as the basic characteristics of the emerging urbanizationconstruction, promote the medium cities, small cities and towns, the coordinated development,promoting the new rural community's common, following the path of common prosperity, hasimportant social significance. This is the eighteenth big report puts forward “prosperous,strong, democratic, civilized and harmonious, advocating freedom, equality, justice, rule oflaw, promote patriotic, dedicated, honest, friendly”, the primary task of socialist core values.
“ The villagers to residents” construction of the social insurance system is a verycomplex and difficult basic work, involving both the home village changed the employmentproblem, and involves the protection of vulnerable groups, the construction of communitypublic service facilities, community comprehensive security management, communitysecurity fund raise money and use, and many other aspects. Study the home village changedsocial insurance problems of the implementation of the strategy, actively and steadily pushingforward the construction of the new urbanization do well in the comprehensive transformationof “village in city”, the small town, in the service of residents again obtain employment andcommunity service work, is the rural construction legal security system an important politicaltask.
This article from the national “ the villagers to residents ” work according to the actualsituation of analysis the home village changed residents for the construction of the socialinsurance system, to focus public attention as the center, based on legal basis in thecommunity reform is not complete, lack of measures, the local government or the villagecollective retaining land transfer funds led to the contradiction of the masses, communitysecurity mechanism is imperfect, community management problems such as nonstandard, toconduct a comprehensive analysis, based on local pilot experience, combined with localactual situation, analyzes the “ the villagers to residents ” social insurance work in the processof advancing the strategy.
Adopted a literature research method, comparative analysis, expert argumentation, andcase analysis and other research methods, residents of “ the villagers to residents ” socialinsurance problems were studied, put forward “ the villagers to residents ” project in thecurrent our country the important value of the new urbanization construction; Analysis of the“ the villagers to residents ” project development present situation and the existence of“village changed residents” employment difficulty, social security funding sources, the homevillage changed land utilization rate is low, low level of social security forms a single securityas well as the low coverage of social security problems, this paper expounds the implement ofsocial security of right protection principle, the normal principle, equality principle, basic lifesafeguard and improve the quality of life the principle of combining. To restrict the homevillage changed analyzes the internal factors of social security problems; Put forward underthe existing environment, the home village changed community development trend, the socialinsurance system in the transformation of “ the villagers to residents ” community should bethe role of, think to strengthen the “ the villagers to residents ” project of social security work,is beneficial to improve the level of new community residents social welfare, to protectvulnerable groups, and in promoting the sustainable development of residents and urbanemployment, optimize the resource structure, etc, has important function and meaning.
By community residents after the “ the villagers to residents ” the difficulty and keyproblems of the social insurance, puts forward a feasible solution, including: the reasonabledefinition of asset disposal and transfer mode, make the home village changed residents socialsecurity standard, to determine the coverage of social security system, to expand the homevillage changed residents social security fund-raising channels based on the home villagechanged residents social insurance system; Reasonably define the scope and the ownership ofcollective assets, to establish collective asset management programs and other measures, tostrengthen the management of collective assets, in order to solve the villagers to residents, thesource of the residents of social insurance funds; By expanding employment channelsreasonable resettlement community residents, strengthen community public facilitiesconstruction, to optimize internal resources, to set up the employment and pension securitysystem of public service platform and a series of supporting policies and reform strategies,such as establishing scientific and reasonable residents changed “” village social insurancemechanism, thus setting up the transformation of public city, harmonious community strategy,promote the stability of the overall urbanization construction, create a harmonious,democratic, prosperous, and civilized society.
“ The villagers to residents ” is a systematic project, involving many aspects ofcommunity construction, community residents have encountered in the process of theconversion of employment, reasonable use and redistribution of village collective funds, aswell as such problems as the linkage between the residents of urban and rural social securitysystem, is directly related to the harmonious development of the new communities andsustainable development. As a result, the home village changed social insurance problems ofresearch, to improve the home village changed emerging target of the construction of theurbanization and promote the improvement of living standards, has important socialsignificance and realistic significance.
Key Words: “The villagers to residents”; The urbanization construction; Socialinsurance; Resource optimization
目 录
中文摘要
英文摘要
引言
（一） 选题背景与意义
1. 选题背景
2. 课题研究的意义
（二） 国内外研究的现状
（三） 课题研究的内容与创新点
（四） 课题研究存在难题和拟采取的解决办法
一、“村改居”居民社会保险的相关概念及理论
（一） 社会保险的概念和内容
1. 社会保险的概念
2. 社会保险的内容
（二） “村改居”居民的概念及特点
1. “村改居”居民的概念
2. “村改居”居民的特点
3. “村改居”居民与城镇居民、农民的区别
4. 实施“村改居”的必要性
（三） 完善“村改居”居民社会保险制度的意义
1. “村改居”居民社会保险工作对新型城镇化建设的意义
2. “村改居”居民社会保险制度对于经济结构转型的意义
（四） 本章小结
二、 “村改居”居民社会保险存在的问题及成因
（一） “村改居”工程改造和“村改居”居民社会保险实施的现状
（二） “村改居”居民社会保险存在的问题
（三） “村改居”居民社会保险缺失的因素分析
（四） 本章小结
三、 完善“村改居”居民社会保险制度的途径
（一） 构建完善的社会保障体系，推动社会保险制度改革
1. 确立“村改居”居民社会保险实施的基本原则
2. 做好“村改居”居民社会保险扩面和基金征缴工作，提高社保覆盖率
3. 采取多种方式充实社会保障基金，推动社会养老保险制度的改革
4. 健全社会救助体系，提高社会保障水平
（二） 制定社会保险体系的覆盖范围与标准
（三） 优化“村改居”社区资产处理与转移的方式，解决保险资金来源
（四） 建立社区养老保险机制，提高保障水平
1. 扩大就业渠道，合理安置社区居民
2. 建立完善的社区公共设施
3. 优化与发展社区内部资源
4. 建立就业与养老保障公众服务平台
5. 配套政策制度改革
结论
参考文献
后记
