摘 要
科幻文学是一个舶来的文学类型，在上世纪 80 年代之前，中国的科幻文学一直作为一种功能性的文体被要求发挥着宣传思想、普及科学知识等作用。随后出现的新生代科幻作家的创作丰富了科幻小说的类型和主题，也增加了科幻文学的文化内涵和哲理深度。刘慈欣作为新生代科幻作家的代表之一，以其宏大空灵的想象力给中国科幻带来了新的活力。2015 年 8 月他的科幻小说《三体》（英文版）获得世界级科幻小说最高奖项“雨果奖”,标志着中国科幻小说创作达到了世界先进水平。刘慈欣的科幻小说创作取得如此成绩的原因，在于他以中国文学传统为基础，将西方科幻小说创作经验、现代科学技术的理念与精神以及中国社会历史融为一体，形成了中国当代科幻小说创作的一种特色，探索出一条中国当代科幻小说创作的发展道路。刘慈欣的作品让文学评论界不得不对科幻文学重视起来，但这种重视还不够，毕竟长期以来对科幻文学的忽视以至于相关研究有限，作家只能自己模仿前人进行创作。一个刘慈欣无法撑起整个中国科幻文学，需要更多的作者和更多优秀的作品，也需要更多有针对性和建设性的研究和评论。
本研究共分为三个部分：第一部分，刘慈欣科幻小说的文本分析，探讨支撑他科幻小说成功的文本特点，认为他的创作想象力恢宏、科学态度乐观和形象刻画重物轻人，这些特点让他的小说从其他科幻作品中凸显出来。第二部分，结合刘慈欣创作的阶段性以及中西文学对他的影响，可见其创作特点来源于他秉持现代科学精神，对中国文学传统与西方文学艺术手法积极借鉴和吸收，并在创作过程中不断地尝试与探索，最终形成了自己独特的风格。第三部分，对刘慈欣的科幻小说创作价值进行阐释，其鲜明的“科幻”特色、与市场的结合、引发科幻热特别是成功进入外国科幻界，对今后的科幻小说创作都有很多启示。本文的研究试图为科幻小说创作提供一些借鉴，并为理解中国科幻小说的内涵与特点提供研究成果。
关键词：刘慈欣；中国科幻文学；科幻小说创作；中西文化融合
Abstract
Science fiction is a literary genre introduced by western country entering people's vision,Chinese science fiction has been used as a functional style which asked to play an ideologicalpropaganda, popularization of science knowledge and so on until the 1980's before it belongsto determine literature. Then the new generation of science fiction writers enriched the themeand type, and also increases the cultural connotation of science fiction and philosophicaldepth. Cixin Liu as one representative of the new generation of science fiction writers broughta new vitality to science fiction with his grand and ethereal imagination. In August 2015, hisThree-body Problem won the 73rd American Hugo Award, which is the first Chinese writerreceived the highest award of the American science fiction, and his novel have also beenwelcome in the West. The reason of Liu's success is that he integrated experience of Westernliterature, idea and spirt of the modern science and technology and history of China whichbased on Chinese traditional literature. He produced a unique feature in the present age ofChina and explored a way for the development of Chinese science fiction. Cixin Liu alsomade literary critics had to pay attention to his writings, but the attention is not enough, afterall, it has been hard ignored so that science fiction literature related to the limited number ofstudies, the writer can only imitate their predecessors and made their own creation. One CixinLiu cannot hold up the entire Chinese science fiction literature, there need more authors, moreoutstanding works, and more targeted and constructive studies and reviews.
This study is divided into three parts: The first part, the analysis of Cixin Liu's sciencefiction text, to explore the text characteristics which support his successful science fiction. Hiscreative imagination, optimistic scientific attitude and the grand image features, thesecharacteristics make his works stand out from other science fiction novels. The second part,the combination of his creation stage and the influence of Chinese and western literaturewhich influenced him, its composing characteristics from he grasps the modern scientificspirit, tradition and the western literature on Chinese literature art technique actively drawingon and assimilating, and continually try and exploration in the process of creation, finallyformed his own unique style. The third part, value of his science fiction creation and hisdistinctive science and fiction features, combined with the market, science fiction heat, intoforeign successful science fiction world particularly, have a lot of enlightenment for thesubsequent science fiction creation. In this paper, the study attempts to provide somereference for creation of science fiction, and give results to understand the connotation andcharacteristics of Chinese science fiction.
Key words: Cixin Liu; Chinese Science Faction; Science Fiction Creation; Integrationof Chinese and Western cultures
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
绪 论
一、问题提出
二、研究现状综述
三、研究思路
第一章 刘慈欣科幻小说创作的特点
一、恢宏的科学意境
（一）异世界的展现
（二）神奇与平凡的对接
二、乐观的科学态度
三、重物轻人的形象刻画
（一）强化的科学形象
（二）弱化的人物形象
第二章 刘慈欣科幻小说创作特点成因
一、秉持现代科学精神
（一）科学思维
（二）宇宙意识
（三）科技哲学
（四）生存观念
二、对中西文学的吸收与借鉴
（一）继承中国文学传统
（二）借鉴中西文学艺术手法
三、创作观念的探索与形成
（一）起步与尝试
（二）成熟与多样化
（三）反思与回归
第三章 刘慈欣科幻小说创作的启示
一、注重“科幻”与结合市场
（一）鲜明的“科”与“幻”
（二）文学与市场的结合
二、国内国外双重文化价值
（一）引发国内科幻热
（二）进入世界科幻界
结 语
参考文献
后 记
