小企业的融资服务模式创新探究

　　摘 要

　　根据世界银行的统计数据，在2012年我国的4200多万中小企业占据我国企业总数的99.8%.中小企业的发展适应了当前我国经济的发展趋势，为我国经济发展做出了巨大的贡献，但是中小企业在我国生存却很艰难。这些生命力顽强的中小企业客户群体，是银行业金融机构群雄逐鹿的重要群体。特别是城市商业银行受规模有限、地域限制、监管严控和自身的公司治理等因素，发展小微企业更为迫切，对于小企业的融资服务模式创新需要更加及时和快速。在国内金融体制改革、金融市场化、金融脱媒等体制机制再造的变革时期，如何有效的服务中小企业，做强做精区域市场，是城市商业银行迫切需要解决的问题。

　　本文的研究分为五个部分：第一部分对本文的研究背景和意义进行了充分的论证，系统分析了当前城市商业银行发展小微企业的重要性、必要性和必然性；第二部分在对相关概念进行界定的基础上，明确了本文的研究对象小微企业的具体界定和划分，进一步对城市商业银行创新小微企业融资服务模式的动因进行了分析，为城市商业银行发展小微企业，创新小微金融服务提供理论和现实支持；第三部分以CS银行为例，针对CS银行两千多个小微企业客户进行了调查分析。

　　在聘请专业咨询机构的基础上，设计了详尽的调查问卷，并对调查结果进行了统计和分析，从基本情况、经营现状和融资现状三个方面对小微企业经营特征和融资环境进行了系统分析，为小微企业融资服务模式构建提供数据支持；第四部分构建了创新性的城市商业银行小微企业融资服务模式。融资服务模式的目标是为了做大做强区域市场内城商行小微金融业务。具体实现上，城市商业银行从组织结构优化、产品结构创新和资源结构优化三个方面进行了系统创新和重构，在组织结构优化上，借鉴和吸收民生银行事业部制度改革的先进经验，分行业成立行业金融部，在对行业进行深入研究的基础上，从行业规模、资产负债状况、利润率等方面综合考虑和设计金融产品，并设立专门的小微企业信贷服务部，为小微企业提供量身定制的服务；在产品结构创新方面，对于抵押担保、质押担保和信用贷款等方面进行了全面创新，并幵发出长湘贷等具有竞争力的核心信贷产品；在资源结构优化方面，外部充分挖掘市民银行的地位，整合城市商业银行在区域内的资源，内部调整人力资源管理模式，对内外部资源进行重新整合。第五部分结合研究的基本内容得出研究结论，并进一步对本文的不足和进一步研究方向进行了讨论。

　　本文的创新主要有：（1）研究视角创新。本文结合调查分析法和案例分析法，建立中小企业融资行业特征和需求特征的调査问卷，委托专业机构对CS银行2460家中小企业客户进行了调查，并采用基本的数理统计方法对结果进行了分析，为城市商业银行总体发展战略和业务发展思路提供了一个新的研究视角。（2）研究思路创新。本文以信息不对称理论、资产定价模型等理论分析为基础，采用调查研究、案例分析相结合的思路，构建城市商业银行小微企业融资服务模式，既是对中小企业融资模式的有益探索，也是对城市商业银行核心竞争力构建的有效补充。

　　关键词：小微企业；城市商业银行；融资模式

　　Abstract

　　According to World Bank statistics, in 2012,is about more than 4200 small andmedium-sized enterprises in our country, accounting for 99.8% of the total number ofenterprises, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises by the industrial andcommercial registration of 4.6 million individual and private enterprises of 38 million.

　　The rapid development of small and medium-sized private enterprises at the sametime, also met a lot of problems. Among them,the money is tight, the narrowfinancing channel has become an important factor of restricting the development ofsmall and medium-sized enterprises. And the development of small business customerbase, is one of the important groups highlighting Chinese banking financialinstitutions. Especially the city commercial bank limited, regional restrictions,regulatory scrutiny and their corporate governance factors, such as the development ofsmall micro enterprise more urgent, for small businesses financing service modeinnovation needs to be more timely and quickly. In the domestic financial systemreform, financial liberalization and financial disintermediation institutionalreengineering revolution period, how to effectively service for small andmedium-sized enterprises, and stronger to do fine regional markets, is the citycommercial bank is an urgent need to solve the problem.

　　Research of this paper is divided into five parts: the first part of this article theresearch background and significance of sufficient argument, systematic analysis ofthe current city commercial bank developing small micro enterprises the importance,necessity and inevitability; In second part of defining the relevant concepts, on thebasis of clear the research object of this article small micro enterprise specificdefinition and classification, further to small micro enterprise financing model ofurban commercial Banks innovation motivation was analyzed, and the small microenterprises to the development of the city commercial Banks small financial serviceinnovation to provide theoretical and practical support; The third part in changshaBanks, for example, in view of the bank of changsha made an analysis on more thanthree thousand small micro enterprise customer. In hire professional consultants, onthe basis of detailed questionnaire was designed, and has carried on the statistics andanalysis of the results of the survey, from the basic situation, the management presentsituation and the financing situation of small micro enterprise business characteristicsand systematically analyzes the current financing environment, provide data supportfor the small micro enterprise financing model building. The fourth part constructs theinnovative city commercial Banks small micro enterprise financing mode. Financingmodel's goal is to become bigger and stronger regional market inner city firm smallmicro financial business. On the concrete implementation, city commercial Banksfrom the innovation organization structure optimization, the product structure andresource structure optimization three aspects has carried on the system innovation andreconstruction, on the organization structure optimization, and absorbs the advancedexperience of minsheng bank division system reform, set up industry finance, in theindustry, on the basis of in-depth study, from the industry scale, balance sheets,profitmargins and so on comprehensive consideration and design of financial products, andset up a special small micro enterprise credit service, and provide customized servicesto small enterprises; Innovation in product structure, to mortgage, pledge, and creditloan and so on has carried on the comprehensive innovation, and develop a long xiangborrow the competitive core credit products such as; In terms of resource structureoptimization, external tap citizens bank status, integration of city commercial Banksin the areas of resources, internal adjust the human resource management models, tointegrate internal and external resources. The fifth part according to the basic contentsof the research conclusion, and further to the shortcomings of this article and furtherresearch directions are discussed.

　　This article's innovation mainly include: （1） the research Angle of view. Basedon the investigation analysis and case analysis, the establishment of small andmedium-sized enterprise financing industry features and requirements ofquestionnaire, entrust a specialized institutions in changsha Banks surveyed 2460small business customers in the home, and USES the basic method of mathematicalstatistics are analyzed, the results for the city commercial bank's overall developmentstrategy and business development provides a new research perspective. （2） theresearch based on the asymmetric information theory, the theory of asset pricingmodel analysis of the countenneasures of small and medium-sized enterprisefinancing difficult to solve the lack of based on case analysis and mass data to supportempirical research, this paper USES the theory research, survey research, caseanalysis, construction of city commercial Banks small micro enterprise financingmode, is not only the beneficial exploration for small and medium-sized enterprisefinancing model, is a core competitiveness of city commercial Banks to buildeffective supplement.

　　Key words: Small and micro businesses; City Commercial Banks; financingmode
 

　　目 录

　　第一章弓I 言

　　一、研究背景与意义

　　二、理论基础及文献综述

　　三、研究思路与研究方法

　　四、研究创新与不足

　　第二章城市商业银行创新小微企业融资模式的动因分析

　　一、相关概念的界定

　　二、城商行创新小微企业融资模式的宏观动因

　　三、城商行创新小微企业融资模式的微观动因

　　第三章城市商业银行小微企业客户融资需求的调查分析

　　一、调查问卷的设计

　　二、调查结果的统计与分析

　　三、调查问卷的结果分析

　　第四章城市商业银行小微企业融资模式构建-以CS银行为例

　　一、目标与原则

　　二、组织结构优化

　　三、产品结构创新

　　四、资源结构整合

　　第五章研究结论、对策建议及研究展望

　　一、研究结论

　　二、对策建议

　　三、研究展望

　　参考文献

　　致谢