我国司法确认程序制度探究

　　摘 要

　　我国自建立以来，调解被认为是一项具有中国特色的法律制度，以调解解决纠纷是多元化纠纷解决机制的重点，调解组织制作的调解协议，其效力是解决纠纷的关键，但由于调解协议效力缺乏法律强制力的保障，致使调解协议往往成为一纸空文，不能达到其解决矛盾纠纷的目的。2013年1月1日起实施的新《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》规定了人民调解协议司法确认程序制度，目的是确定人民调解的效力，赋予人民调解协议强制执行力，实现人民调解与司法的有效衔接。我国司法确认程序从确认人民调解协议申请主体、协议申请程序、人民法院受理协议条件、人民法院审查范围和对调解协议的效力规定上来强化调解的效力、促进诉讼与非诉讼纠纷解决机制的合理衔接，以此来缓解法院的审判压力，我司法确认制度具有维护当事人的合法权益、节约司法资源、提高司法效率的功用。当然，由于我国司法确认程序制度刚刚建立，其仍存在不足，我国司法确认程序缺陷表现为：司法确认程序规定不完整；确认申请的主体过于局限；司法确认审查标准不统一；司法确认范围过窄；对当事人的救济机制欠缺等。针对以上不足，完善我国司法确认程序的措施主要有：提高司法确认的宣传力度；扩大司法确认申请主体范围；明确形式审查为主，兼顾实质审查的审查标准；扩大司法确认范围以及建立有效的纠错救济机制。

　　关键词：调解协议；司法确认；审查标准；确认范围

　　Abstract

　　Since its establishment in our country, the people's mediation is considered to be alegal system with Chinese characteristics, to mediate any disputes is the key of thediversified disputes settlement mechanism, the mediation organization make theconciliation agreement, its validity is the key to resolve the dispute,but due to the lack oflegal compulsion conciliation agreement effective safeguard, the conciliation agreementoften become a dead letter, can't achieve the goal of solve the disputes. The CivilProcedure Law of the People's Republic of China which came into force in January 1st,2013 aim to affirm the effect of people's mediation, give enforceability to people'smediation agreements, and guarantee the effective linkup between people's mediation andjustice. Judicial confirmation process in our country from the people's mediationagreement application subject, protocol application procedures, the people's court acceptsthe conditions, the people's court to review the scope and validity of mediation agreementprovisions on strengthening the effectiveness of the mediation, promote legal and non-legaldispute resolution mechanism of reasonable cohesion, in order to reduce the pressure onthe judgment of the court, the judicial confirmation system has the safeguard the legitimaterights and interests of the parties, the function of saving judicial resources,improve thejudicial efficiency., of course, because our country has just set up the judicial confirmationprocess system,it is still insufficient,the judicial confirmation process defects is shown as:The judicial confirmation procedure is incomplete; The main body of acknowledgingapplications are too limited; The judicial confirmation standard review; The judicialconfirmation range is too narrow; For the relief mechanism of the parties lack and so on.

　　To solve above is insufficient, consummates our country the judicial confirmation processmeasures mainly include: expanding the scope of the judicial confirmation for subject;Clear review form is given priority to,to two or morethings examination as to substanceexamination standards; Expanding the scope of the judicial confirmation; Improve theability of handling disputes mediation organization and level,and establish an effectiveremedy mechanism of error correction.

　　Keywords: mediation agreement; judicial confirmation; standards for judicialreview; scope of confirmation

    目录

　　摘要

　　ABSTRACT

　　引言

　　一、我国司法确认程序的立法内容

　　（一）我国司法确认程序的申请主体

　　（二）我国司法确认程序的申请和受理

　　（三）我国司法确认程序的审查范围

　　（四）我国司法确认程序的确认效力

　　二、我国司法确认程序的立法价值

　　（一）强化调解协议的效力

　　（二）促进诉讼与非诉讼纠纷解决机制的合理衔接

　　（三）缓解法院的审判压力

　　（四）有效维护当事人的合法权益

　　（五）节约司法资源，提高司法效率

　　三、我国司法确认程序存在的不足

　　（一）司法确认程序立法规定不完整

　　（二）司法确认申请主体过于局限

　　（三）司法确认的审查标准不统一

　　（四）司法确认范围过窄

　　（五）当事人救济机制欠缺

　　四、我国司法确认程序的完善建议

　　（一）提高司法确认的宣传力度

　　（二）扩大司法确认申请主体的范围

　　（三）明确形式审查为主，兼顾实质审查的审查标准

　　（四）扩大司法确认范围

　　（五）建立有效的纠错、救济机制

　　结语

　　参考文献

　　（一）论文类

　　（二）着作类

　　（三）法律法规类

　　致谢