拉丁团体舞的比赛成套动作编排研究

　　摘 要

　　体育舞蹈于 80 年代传入我国，因其强大的生命力和富于艺术性的表现形式，成为一项深受人们喜爱的体育项目，它以人自身的形体动作为表现手段，通过身体韵律的活动，抒发内的心情感。体育舞蹈集体育、音乐、舞蹈于一体，具有健身、竞技、消遣、审美文化价值，是当下时尚、新颖的体育运动项目。根据现如今的比赛项目分类，可将体育舞蹈分为拉丁舞、标准舞和团体舞三大类。体育舞蹈团体舞内容丰富，是符合审美要求的成套动作展示，兼具艺术性与体育性。

　　体育舞蹈团体舞自 1993 年首次在我国设为体育舞蹈竞赛项目，在各方面都取得了突飞猛进的发展。它的设立，丰富了体育舞蹈的竞赛内容与形式，提高了体育舞蹈比赛的观赏性和艺术性，极大的推动了体育舞蹈事业的发展。随着体育舞蹈的普及与发展，团体舞也飞速发展起来，团体舞比赛的开展逐年增加，参加团体舞比赛的队伍越来越多、质量也越来越高。

　　体育舞蹈团体舞又分为拉丁团体舞与摩登团体舞。其中拉丁团体舞是基于拉丁舞的五个舞种通过精心的编排与设计，在音乐的引导下配合选手多样的舞蹈技术技巧，呈现出的集体配合项目，是体育与艺术的完美统一。在 2014 年举办的山东省第二十三届大学生运动会中，就首次将体育舞蹈列入竞赛项目，吸引了山东省各高校的踊跃报名参加。其中拉丁团体舞的比赛以其舞台观赏性与艺术性成为大赛体育舞蹈竞赛模块的重头戏。本文通过对山东省第二十三届大学生运动会参与拉丁团体舞竞赛的六支队伍的成套动作的编排进行分析，为提高拉丁团体舞编排质量和水平提供理论依据及应用参考。

　　本文以第二十三届山东省大学生运动会六个代表队拉丁团体舞的编排作为研究对象。通过文献资料法、对比分析法、录像统计法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法的方法进行研究。本文的研究内容是对山东省第二十三届大运会拉丁团体舞六支参赛队伍的成套动作的编排进行分析，具体内容从竞赛规则、动作、音乐、队形服饰妆容的方面进行分析。

　　研究结论如下：

　　1、竞技性拉丁团体舞是要受比赛规则约束的，需在规则的指导下将拉丁的舞五个舞种的动作和技术进行合理的编排，根据团体舞的风格和主题，选择合适音乐，再配合队形的流动和队员们富有激情的表演。各代表队基本都能按照比赛规则进行编排，个别队伍出现超时的现象。

　　2、拉丁团体舞的中最基本的就是拉丁舞的基本技术，若要呈现出一场精彩绝伦的表演，首先要有过硬的基本功，这也是本次比赛评分的重中之重，然而六支队伍基本技术水平参差不齐；此外难度动作的水平整体不高 ,技巧、旋转、托举等动作的完成质量较好，但是动作编排的难度系数不是很高；团体舞中造型的编排极具创意，各有千秋；六队成套动作的结构编排的也都较为合理。

　　3、各代表队的队形变化都各有所长，基本都能做到队形变化多种多样，但是有些队伍在创意方面和复杂队形的编排水平较为薄弱。从所有参赛队伍的在队形变化方面的整体水平来看，队形变换的次数以及难度都不高，在队形编排的上还需向国内外优秀团体舞队伍进行学习和借鉴。

　　4、在音乐的编排上有些队伍在选题上十分具有创造性，融入了各种非拉丁的艺术元素，使作品极具艺术性与观赏性；将而有些队伍选择单纯的将拉丁音乐拼合在一起，各有特色，但是后者的主题和创意不够突出。

　　5、各代表队的服装都各具风格，但是个别队伍对服饰的赛前准备工作没有做好，导致了头饰脱落，影响了作品的整体形象。

　　关键词：拉丁团体舞；编排；分析

　　Abstract

　　Sport dance was first introduced into China during the 80's. It became a popularamong people because of its strong vitality and artistic form of expression. Performersshow their show feelings and expressions with their own body movements andrhythmic activity. Sport dance combines sports, music and dance in one activity. Italso has its own value in the field of fitness, athletic competition, entertainment andaesthetic field. It is a type of dance of the current trend. According to the classificationin the present competitions, sport dance can be divided into three types that are Latindance, standard sport dance and group sport dance. Group sport dance has richcontent and complete sets of movements; witch live up to the esthetic standard. It is acombination of art and sports. Group sport dance has achieved great accomplishmentssince it was first made one of events in the sport dance competition in 1993. Itsestablishment enriches not only the content but also the forms of the competition.

　　Also, the establishment made the competition more enjoyable by improving itsstandard of performance and artistry. Thanks to this fact, sport dance alsoaccomplished great achievements. Along with the popularization and development ofthe sport dance comes thrive development of group sport dance. The amount of groupsport dance events is increasing. More and more groups take part in the competitionwith high-quality performance.

　　Group sport dance can be divided into two categories that are group Latin danceand group modern dance. Because of the fact that group Latin dance is based on fivebasic kinds of Latin dance, performed by multiple dancers under the guidance ofmusic and is elaborately choreographed a perfect combination of dance and sport itcould be seen as a perfect combination of dance and sport. In the 23th Universities'

　　Games, sport dance was listed as a competition event for the first time. It immediatelyattracted quite amount of contestants. Among the three categories of sport dance,group Latin dance stood out from the rest with its enjoyable performance and artistry.

　　This article will be analyzing choreograph of the group Latin dance in the 23rdUniversities' Games to provide theoretical basis and applicable reference to developthe choreograph group Latin dance.

　　In this article, six teams that participated in the competition of the 23rdUniversities' Games will be analyzed as research objects. Literature method,comparison analysis method, video statistics, mathematical statistics and logicanalysis method will be applied in this article. The research content of this article isthe detailed choreographies of the six research objects that are revealed from the rulesof the competition, dance movements, choices of music, group patterns and choices ofcostumes.

　　Research conclusions are as follows:

　　1.The athletic Latin dance is bounded by the rules of certain competition. Allchoreographies need to combine five basic kinds of Latin dance and also need to bedone with the restrictions and guidance of the rules. It should be performed withwell-chosen music that reflects the team style and should also be performed withpassion and in proper form. All six objects followed the rules, however, some of themhas overtime issue.

　　2.The most important technique of group Latin dance is the basicskills of Latin dance. To perform with better quality, dancers need to have solid basicskills. This fact is also taken as a priority in the evaluation. However, six objects areof different skill levels. Furthermore, the difficulty coefficients of movements of sixobjects are relatively low on average but excellently finished. The choreographies arefilled with creativities thus revealed the differences of each object. All of thechoreographies had been designed with proper structure.

　　3.The pattern of each object shows the outstanding aspect of its own. All of theobjects managed to show a variety of patterns; however, some of the objects failed toperform with more complicated patterns and forms.

　　4.The choices of music of some objects are creative while the other just simplycombined Latin music. Though either way has its own advantages the latter is lack ofcreativities.

　　5.The choice of costumes varies from every object to another. However some ofthe objects haven't been fully prepared, witch led to some mistakes during thecompetition and affects the team in some degree.

　　Keywords:Latin group dance,Choreograph,Analysis
 

　　目 录

　　摘 要……I

　　Abstract……III

　　1 论文选题依据与意义……1

　　1.1 选题的依据……1

　　1.2 选题的意义……2

　　2 文献综述……2

　　2.1 拉丁舞的起源……3

　　2.2 拉丁团体舞的特点与风格……3

　　2.3 国内研究现状……3

　　2.3.1 舞蹈创编理论的研究……3

　　2.3.2 拉丁舞成套动作创编理论的研究……4

　　2.3.3 体育舞蹈团体舞队形变化的研究……5

　　2.3.4 体育舞蹈团体舞现状及发展趋势的研究……6

　　3 研究对象与方法……7

　　3.1 研究对象……7

　　3.2 研究方法……8

　　3.2.1 文献资料法……8

　　3.2.2 对比分析法……8

　　3.2.3 录像统计法……8

　　3.2.4 数理统计法……8

　　3.2.5 逻辑分析法……9

　　4 研究的结果与分析……9

　　4.1 体育舞蹈团体舞竞赛规则的分析……9

　　4.2 对大运会拉丁团体舞动作编排的分析……10

　　4.2.1 动作技术部分……10

　　4.2.2 音乐部分……16

　　4.2.3 队形变换……18

　　4.2.4 服饰妆容……21

　　5 结论与建议……22

　　5.1 结论……22

　　5.2 建议……23

　　参考文献……25

　　致 谢……28