摘 要
伴随着全球化经济的不断深入,我国的经济已经由高速增长逐步转变为中高速增长,同时作为我国国民经济支柱产业之一的钢铁行业也随之发生了新的变化。经过 2014 年的努力,钢铁行业产能过剩的情况略有好转,企业的效益也逐步走出低谷,节能减排取得了新的进展。2015 年钢铁行业下游需求减弱,导致钢材的价格大幅度的下跌,企业资金链紧张,使得整个钢铁行业在转型升级的过程中面临着严重的财务风险。
财务风险指的是在公司各项财务活动(筹资、投资、资金回收及收益分配等)中存在着多种不可预测和控制的因素,使公司实际收益偏离预期,造成公司经济损失甚至破产的一种风险。因此,若要在激烈的市场竞争中求得企业的生存与发展,钢铁企业就要充分认知自己面临的财务风险,并且做好应对各种财务风险的勇气,建立企业财务风险管理体系,应对已有风险,防范未知风险。实施财务风险管理,可以完善企业资本结构,提升企业的核心竞争力,实现企业的可持续发展,增强企业参与市场竞争的能力。
本文以 LG 钢铁公司为研究对象,研究了钢铁企业财务风险管理体系的构建过程,通过对钢铁企业面临的财务风险进行识别、分析,以此提出切实可行的应对措施。运用系统论的方法,我们可以构建出一个财务风险管理体系,它是以财务风险管理为支撑、以内部控制为抓手、以战略目标为导向的。借助先进的理论工具,优化辨识评估工作流程;成立财务风险管理组织体系,明确财务风险管理的工作机制和流程;借助公司网络信息化平台,自主开发财务风险管理信息系统;建立科学考评机制,形成重大财务风险控制策略和流程;建立、完善相关的财务风险管理考核制度和日常监控体系。它不仅能够极大地管控LG公司的财务风险,而且对于我国钢铁企业提升财务风险管理意识、提高财务风险管理效率、丰富财务风险管理实践经验也是有益的。
关键词:财务风险;钢铁企业;风险分析;风险防范
Abstract
With the deepening of economic globalization, China's economy has been in thehigh-speed growth gradually transformed into a medium-high-speed growth, and, asone of the pillar industry of the national economy, the steel industry also has takenplace new changes. After 2014 years of efforts, the iron and steel industry overcapacity situation improved slightly. The benefit of the enterprise also gradually out ofthe trough. New progress has been made in energy conservation and emissionsreduction. In 2015, iron and steel industry downstream demand, resulting in steelprices fell, and in a large enterprise capital chain tension, making the entire steelindustry faces serious financial risk in the process of transformation and upgrading.
Financial risk refers to in the financial activities(financing, investment, fundcollection and income distribution, etc. ) of the company exists a variety ofunpredictable and uncontrollable factors, making the company's actual earningsdeviating from the expected returns,thereby causing loss to the company economic,even bankruptcy. Therefore, if you want to seek survival and development ofenterprise in the fierce market competition, the iron and steel enterprises must fullyrecognize the financial risk to his face, have the courage to deal with all kinds offinancial risk, and establish the enterprise financial risk management system, to dealwith the existing risk, prevent unknown risks. Implementation of financial riskmanagement, can perfect the enterprise capital structure, promote enterprise's corecompetitiveness, achieve the sustainable development of the enterprise, and enhancethe ability of enterprises to participate in market competition.
Based on LG iron and steel company as the research object, this paper studiedthe process of the construction of the iron and steel enterprise financial riskmanagement system, and through identification and analysis the financial risk that theiron and steel enterprise faced, to put forward feasible measures. According to themethod of system theory, we can construct a system of financial risk management,supported by financial risk management, gripped by the internal control, guided bythe strategic target. With the tools of advanced theory, optimization identificationevaluation process; Establish the financial risk management organization system,define working mechanisms and process of financial risk management; With the aidof net work information platform, independent develop financial risk managementinformation system; Establish scientific evaluation mechanism, form the significantfinancial risk control strategy and process; Establish and perfect the appraisal systemand the daily monitoring system of financial risk management. It can not only controlthe financial risk of the LG company enormously, but also has great beneficial toimprove financial risk management consciousness, the efficiency of financial riskmanagement, financial risk management practice experience for China's iron and steelenterprises.
Keywords:Financial risk;Iron and steel enterprises;Risk analysis;Riskprevention
目 录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 选题背景和研究意义
1.1.1 选题背景
1.1.2 研究意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.2.1 关于企业财务风险的研究
1.2.2 关于我国钢铁行业财务风险的研究
1.3 研究内容与研究思路
1.3.1 研究内容
1.3.2 研究思路
1.4 研究方法与创新之处
1.4.1 研究方法
1.4.2 创新之处
第 2 章 财务风险管理相关理论
2.1 风险与财务风险
2.1.1 风险
2.1.2 财务风险
2.2 风险管理与财务风险管理
2.2.1 风险管理
2.2.2 财务风险管理
2.3 财务风险管理的步骤
2.4 小结
第 3 章 我国企业财务风险管理现状分析
3.1 我国企业财务风险管理存在的问题
3.2 我国企业财务风险管理改进措施
3.3 小结
第 4 章 LG 公司财务风险状况分析
4.1 LG 公司概况
4.2 LG 公司财务风险管理现状分析
4.2.1 财务风险管理的原则
4.2.2 LG 公司财务风险管理的主要做法
4.3 小结
第 5 章 LG 公司财务风险的度量与防范
5.1 LG 公司财务风险的度量
5.1.1 融资风险
5.1.2 资金流动性风险
5.1.3 资本运作风险
5.1.4 审计风险
5.2 LG 公司财务风险的防范
5.2.1 进一步加强和完善公司内部治理
5.2.2 慎重选择公司多元化发展战略
5.2.3 及时掌握并分析国家宏观经济形势
5.3 小结
第 6 章 加强 LG 公司财务风险管理的对策建议
6.1 优化资本结构以提高资金使用效率
6.2 加强营运资金流动性的管理利用
6.3 建立健全公司内部财务风险预警系统
6.4 制定长远发展战略促进公司发展
6.5 小结
第 7 章 结论与展望
7.1 研究结论
7.2 研究不足与展望
参考文献
致谢