摘要：北宋院体画作为一种宫廷绘画艺术，在唐、五代的基础上发展到成熟阶段，是中国古代绘画艺术的高峰；和唐诗、宋词一样，也是中国古代文化顶峰阶段的一种具体的艺术表现形式。本文选择北宋院体画艺术研究，并非仅就此艺术形式进行分析，而是通过院体画这一艺术形式不同的表现形态，进而揭示它背后隐含的艺术精神。这是前人的相关研究中未曾深入涉及到的问题，也是本文研究的创新所在。本文在学习前人研究成果的基础上经过自己的思考和分析，总结出北宋院体画所体现出当时这一艺术流派的相关艺术精神。
本文认为：北宋院体画作为一种宫廷绘画艺术，在当时理学思潮的影响下，对传统儒家和道家艺术精神都有所继承，因而从总体上表现出人与天地一体并在天地之间立其心的艺术精神。这种艺术精神体现在当时的各种绘画科目中，无论是黄筌和宋徽宗的花鸟画、郭熙的山水画、张择端的民俗风情画，都可以看出北宋院体画所体现出来的这种艺术精神。具体而言，在北宋院体画艺术精神的学理基础中，从哲学以及绘画题材即技法表现角度去探索其艺术精神；在北宋院体画艺术精神的图绘语式中，从美学风格以及审美趣味角度去探索其艺术精神。
本文通过图像法、自下而上（归纳）法等相关研究方法，对北宋院体画的分析，从中去揭示它复杂的艺术精神，这也是本文不同于前人相关研究的地方即创新之处。其意义在于，我们不仅只看绘画表面，而是从表面图像中看出艺术家是如何借助艺术方式表达自己对人与自然的关系的理解的。这也就会牵涉到艺术的本质问题，不只是一个艺术史问题的研究，而是一个值得我们深思的课题。
本文具体分为五章进行论述：
第一章，绪论，明确院体画范围和内涵，交代研究意义、研究现状以及研究方法。第二章，介绍北宋院体画艺术精神的历史语境，它是北宋院体画以及所体现出的艺术精神的生长土壤。第三章，北宋院体画艺术精神渊源，从理论和实践两方面来追溯。第四章，北宋院体画的图绘语式，从不同角度来阐述这些艺术精神的体现。第五章，北宋院体画艺术精神的影响。重在强调其艺术精神的作用。
在理论上，前人研究北宋院体画艺术的有很多，但是重在研究其艺术精神的，只有谈到写实精神的，但写实精神并非北宋院体画所独有，北宋院体画也并非仅仅写实，所以没有深入到真正的北宋院体画艺术精神。北宋绘画艺术的主要艺术形态院体画，也就是当时艺术家通过绘画的方式反映出的当时人们的精神史。
在实践方面，当今时代艺术再次高度繁荣，世界艺术纷繁杂乱，我们更不能忘记中国的传统艺术精神。弘扬民族艺术精神，让我们得到精神上的美感，心灵上的陶冶，这也是我们践行艺术教育的目的。北宋院体画所体现出的艺术精神不仅对于当代绘画艺术创作是一个很好的借鉴，而且在现代西方思潮入侵下，重新审视我们民族之传统艺术精神，对于重建我们民族之精神家园具有一定启示意义。
以上正是本文研究的意义所在。
关键词：北宋 院体画 艺术风格 艺术精神
Abstract
The Northern Song Dynasty painting,as a kind of the Palace Painting art schools,up to the mature stage of development based on Tang and the Five Dynasties, is thepeak of the ancient chinese painting art. At the same time, it, like poems of Tang andSong Danasties, is a specific form of artistic expression at the peak stage of ancientchinese culture. The research of Northern Song Dynasty painting art in the paper, notonly analyzes art form, but also reveal its hidden art spirit through the different forms ofthe painting. This is the innovation of this study and never involved in the previousrelated studies. Based on the previous studies, the thesis has summed up the relativespirits which the Northern Song Dynasty painting reflected at that period, by beingthought and analyzed deeply.
This paper believes that the Northern Song Dynasty painting ,as a kind of thePalace painting art schools, influenced by Neo Confucianism at that time, has inheritedthe traditional Confucian and Taoist spirit of art. Therefore it generally shows theartistic spirit of people and the world together and the soul between them. The artisticspirit is reflected in the various painting subjects, such as, Huang Quan and SongHuizong's flower and bird painting, landscape painting of Guo Xi and Zhang Zeduan'sfolk custom painting. Specifically speaking, in the Northern Song Dynasty painting artspirit of the theoretical basis, the paper will explore the spirit of art through philosophyand painting technique of expression from the Northern Song Dynasty painting arts.
Besides, in the spirit of painting language, the paper will also explore its artistic spiritthrough the aesthetic style and aesthetic point of view.
In this paper, by inductive method, image method and other research methods toanalyze the Northern Song Dynasty painting and reveal its complex art spirit forms, thisis real innovation different from previous research. Its significance lies in, not onlyseeing the painting surface, but showing how to express themselves to the relationshipbetween man and nature by understanding arts.This will involve the essence of art, notonly the research of art history problems, but also a pondering issue.
This paper consists of five chapters:
The first chapter, introduction, makes the scope and connotation of painting clearand explains the research significance, the present situation and research methods. Thesecond chapter introduces the art historical context of the Northern Song Dynastypainting. It is the growth soil of the Northern Song Dynasty painting and reflects thespirit of art. The third chapter, the Northern Song Dynasty painting art spirit origin,from two aspects of theory and practice to trace. The fourth chapter, the drawinglanguage style of the Northern Song Dynasty painting to explicate these artistic spiritfrom different angles. The fifth chapter, the influence of the Northern Song Dynastypainting art spirit, especially emphasizing the role of the artistic spirit.
In theory, the previous research in the Northern Song Dynasty painting art has a lot,but only focuses on the spirit of realism. But in my opinion, it is not unique to the spiritof realism in the Northern Song Dynasty painting, but deepth to the art spirit of thereal North Song court paintings. In this paper, it focuses on reflecting the people's spiritof history at that time by that paintings.
In practice, contemporary art highly prosperous again, the world of art, mixed anddisordered, we can't forget the traditional Chinese artistic spirit. Art carring forward thenational spirit, let us get spiritual beauty, edification of the soul. These are also thepurpose of our practice of art education.
I think the problems above are the meaning of this researchKey words:
The Northern Song Dynasty Painting Style of Art The spirit of Art
摘要
ABSTRACT
第一章 绪论
第一节 院体画的范围和内涵
第二节 研究意义
一、 理论意义
二、 现实意义
第三节 研究现状分析
一、国内研究现状
二、国外研究现状
第四节 研究方法与研究路径
一、研究方法
二、研究路径
第二章 北宋院体画艺术精神的历史语境
第一节 北宋院体画背景
一、五代南唐画院的奠基
二、北宋翰林图画院的设立
第二节 北宋院体画发展因素
一、北宋院体画发展的内部因素
二、北宋院体画发展的外部因素
第三节 北宋院体画艺术精神的学理基础
一、从审美观念来看学理基础
二、从艺术精神与作品关系看
三、从北宋理学思潮出发来看
四、从北宋院体画的题材来看
第三章 北宋院体画艺术精神渊源
第一节 从艺术理论角度看其艺术精神渊源
第二节 从艺术创作角度看其艺术精神渊源
第四章 北宋院体画艺术精神的图绘语式
第一节 不同生存状态艺术家的图绘语式
一、来自西蜀和南唐的遗民画家
二、作为最高统治者的皇帝画家
三、从当朝民间选拔考试的画家
第二节 多元美学风格图绘语式
一、“艺术风格”概念
二、艺术风格与艺术精神之关系
三、北宋院体画呈现出的多元艺术风格
第三节“雅﹑俗”审美趣味图绘语式
一、追求雅趣的宫廷趣味
二、走向世俗的民间趣味
第五章 北宋院体画艺术精神的影响
第一节 对南宋绘画的影响
第二节 对元、明、清的影响
第三节 对近代绘画的影响
结论
参考文献
致谢
