大学生行为决策中安于现状偏差问题探究

    本篇论文目录导航：

【题目】大学生行为决策中安于现状偏差问题探究 
【第一章  第二章】安于现状偏差的理论研究综述 
【第三章】大学生行为决策是否存在安于现状偏差  
【第四章】内外源因素对安于现状偏差的影响  
【第五章】安于现状偏差的心理机制  
【第六章  第七章】安于现状偏差的影响因素及心理机制结论 
【参考文献】高校学生安于现状偏差在决策中的实证参考文献 



    摘要

　　安于现状偏差是指个体在进行决策时，倾向于选择维持当前或以前决策及状态，不做改变的行为倾向。对安于现状偏差的心理机制目前比较常见的解释有损失规避理论和后悔理论，自我知觉和认知失调理论也能在一定程度上对其进行解释。

　　从20世纪80年代开始，西方心理学家就着手于安于现状偏差的研究，并取得了丰硕的研究成果。对安于现状偏差概念的界定达成了共识，探讨了影响安于现状偏差的各种因素，提出了多种解释安于现状偏差成因的心理机制。而国内对安于现状偏差研究才刚刚起步，且已有的文献基本上都是对国外研究的综述。

　　本研究选取大学生为研究被试，以大学生日常生活中的行为决策情境代替常用的金钱情境作为实验材料，来验证大学生在日常的行为决策中是否存在安于现状偏差，其行为决策情境分为以下四个维度：学习，消费，实践，娱乐；其次，探讨在影响大学生决策的两个因素中，内在因素（自身兴趣）和外在因素（他人影响）哪个更能改变被试的现状偏差；最后探讨引起大学生安于现状偏差的心理机制，是损失规避还是预期后悔。

　　本研究中实验1和实验2采用4*4两因素混合实验设计，实验3采用4*3两因素被试内设计。实验1结果表明：大学生在日常行为决策中，存在安于现状偏差；且学习情境中的现状偏差显着低于消费、娱乐和实践情境中的现状偏差。实验2结果表明：与外在因素相比，内在因素是大学生改变现状的主要原因，且在不同的决策情境中不存在差异。实验3结果表明：引起大学生安于现状的心理机制是损失规避，而非预期后悔，且在不同的决策情境中不存在显着差异。

　　关键词：决策 安于现状偏差 损失规避 预期后悔

    Abstract

　　Status quo bias refers to the behavior tendency that people tend to maintain thecurrent or previous decision-making and state, do nothing to change in decision making.

　　The most common explain is theory of loss aversion and regret theory, self consciousnessand cognitive dissonance theory also can explain it in a certain extent.

　　Beginning in the 1980s, western psychologists working in the study of the status quobias,and achieved fruitful results. They have reached agreements on how to define statusquo bias,explored the various factors affecting the status quo bias, brought forwardseveral kinds of theories to explain why people prefer status. At present, domestic researchhas just begun on the status quo bias,the existing literature basically is to review researchabroad.

　　This  study  selects  college students as subjects,  use college students'  daily lifebehavior decision situation instead of the commonly money situation as the experimentalmaterial ,to verify status quo bias whether exist in college students' daily decision-making.

　　The behavioral decision situation is divided into the following four dimensions: study,consumption, practice, and entertainment. Secondly, this paper discusses on two mainfactors influencing students' decision-making, internal factors （self interest） and externalfactors （others）， which is more can change the status quo bias of subjects. Finally, toexplore the psychological mechanism of college students' status quo bias is loss aversionor anticipated regret.

　　In this study, Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 using 4*4 two factors mixed design,and Experiment 3 used 4*3 two factors within-subject design. The results of Experiment 1showed that: the status quo bias exist in the college students in the daily  behaviordecision-making; the status quo bias in learning dimension isthethatconsumeentertainment, and practice situation.The resultssignificantly lower than inof Experiment 2 showedcompared with the external factors, internal factors are the main reasons for collegestudents to change the status  quo bias,  and there  is  no  difference in the differentdecision-making contexts. The results of Experiment 3 showed that: the psychologicalmechanism of college students' status quo bias is caused by loss aversion, rather thananticipated regret, and there is no significant difference in different decision-makingcontexts .

　　Key words:decision makingstatus quo biasloss aversionanticip ate d regret

    目录

　　摘要

　　Abstract

　　1前言

　　1.1选题来源

　　1.2研究的目的和意义

　　2文献综述

　　2.1安于现状偏差的界定

　　2.2安于现状偏差的理论研究

　　2.3安于现状偏差研究的现状分析

　　2.4问题提出

　　实验一大学生行为决策是否存在安于现状偏差

　　3.1实验目的

　　3.2研究方法

　　3.3实验结果及分析

　　3.4讨论

　　4实验二内外源因素对安于现状偏差的影响

　　4.1实验目的

　　4.2研究方法

　　4.3实验结果及分析

　　4.4讨论

　　实验三安于现状偏差的心理机制

　　5.1实验目的

　　5.2研究方法

　　5.3实验结果及分析

　　5.4讨论

　　6综合讨论

　　6.1大学生决策中的安于现状偏差

　　6.2安于现状偏差的影响因素及心理机制

　　6.3结论

　　展望

　　致谢

　　参考文献