摘 要
在科技经济水平飞速发展的今天，人们的生活质量明显在逐步提高，生活节奏加快，但随之而来的社会压力与负担也变得越来越大，因此，人们的体质健康问题成为一大迫切需要解决的大问题。对于大学生群体来讲，体质健康很有必要，大学生是社会发展的主要人才力量，是未来社会的接班人，大学生体质的健康与否直接影响着我国生产力水平的发展提高，影响着国家综合国力的提高和国际竞争力水平的提高，因此大学生群体的体质健康问题必须要受到社会广泛关注与高度重视。而近些年来，虽然对大学生体质下降的研究不少，可大学生体质仍然呈现下降趋势，深深令人担忧。为了从社会学角度改善、提高我国大学生的体质健康问题，本文运用了文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等方法，通过抽样问卷调查，社会访谈调查以及专家访谈调查，主要从社会学角度，分析总结大学生体质下降的影响因素，并针对这些影响因素提出相应的解决办法和建议，从而为提高我国大学生体质提供了一些参考依据。
根据影响大学生体质下降的这一系列社会学因素的出现，得出对于影响大学生体质下降绝不单单是学校教育的问题，也包括来自家庭环境、社会环境、大学生个体本身所一系列综合因素导致的。学校因素，学校的“重文轻武”、对体质健康的不重视、体育课强度小、健身器材，场地匮乏、食堂饮食缺乏卫生安全管理、课外体育缺乏组织引导都是导致大学生体质下降的原因；家庭环境因素，家庭健身意识薄弱、只重营养不重锻炼、对独生子女的过分娇惯、爱护，对子女期望值过高，造成子女压力大没有时间参与锻炼，因此导致大学生体质下降；社会环境因素，由于受传统思想影响导致国家社会对于体育的不重视，投入过少、加上生产力的大发展，使得商家过分强调经济利益、国家对于高校实施扩大招生、社区体育建设不健全、保障机构不完善、交通的便利、环境的污染以及网络，电子产品的日新月异都对大学生体质下降产生影响；而回归到个人因素，大学生自我健身意识不强、生活作息不规律、饮食不正常、沉迷网络、考试，找工作压力大，对于体育没有太多的经费投入、对体质锻炼不感兴趣，不愿意参与到体育锻炼中去都是直接导致大学生体质下降的社会学因素所在。
根据大学生体质持续下降的社会学因素分析，提出以下对策和建议等几个方面，来改善和提高大学生的体质健康：
一、改变传统思想的束缚，提高体育以及体育人的地位，营造良好的体育氛围，提倡身体健康与学业并重；二、加强大学生、家庭、社会整体的体育健身健康意识，扩大网络媒体的宣传力度，通过舆论体系来提高大学生对体质健康的重视，进而自觉进行体育锻炼；三、改善不合理的生活习惯和生活方式，饮食营养、按时，合理分配作息时间，不熬夜，多锻炼，劳逸结合；四、营造良好的高校体育开展氛围，开办各种课内、课外体育活动，组织学生观看体育赛事或视频影像，张贴体育文化宣传标语；五、积极参加户外体育锻炼，不做“宅男宅女”,不做网络常客；六、改变教学模式，选材多样，教学方式多样化；七、政府部门要提高对大学生的身体素质下降的关注，保证更多的资金投资，体育场馆和设施的施工，以保证健身计划；八、制定相关法律条例干预大学生参与体育锻炼，并设定一些相关部门的监督管理，帮助更好的提高大学生体质；九、对车辆出行进行管制，提倡保护环境。
关键词：大学生 体质下降 社会学
Abstract
In the economic level of science and technology rapid development today,people's quality of life in gradually increase obviously, speed up the pace of life, butthe resulting social pressure and burden is becoming more and more big, therefore,people's physical health problem become a big problem that needs urgent solution.
For college students, it is necessary to physical health, college students is a majortalent force of social development, is a replacement for the future society, collegestudents' physique health or not directly affects the productivity development in ourcountry, affecting the improvement of the improvement of national comprehensivenational strength and international competitiveness, so college students physicalhealth problems must be social widespread attention and highly valued. In recentyears, although the study of college students' physical deterioration, can students'physique still showed a trend of decline, deeply worrying. In order to improve on thesociological aspect of and improve physical health problems of college students inChina, this paper USES the literature material law, expert interview method,questionnaire survey method, mathematical statistics, logic analysis method, throughexpert interview investigation and social interview investigation, samplingquestionnaire survey students, emphatically from the Angle of sociology, summarizesand sums up the sociological factors's influence and the cause of college students'physical deterioration, relevant solutions are put forward based on these factors andthe suggestion, thus to improve our country provides some references for students'physique.
According to this a series of sociological factors influencing college students'physical deterioration, it is concluded that for affect college students' physicaldeterioration not only is the issue of school education, including family environment,social environment, a series of comprehensive factors of university student individualitself. As a school, the school of “heavy text light weapons”, not value of physicalhealth, physical education strength small, fitness equipment, lack of space, lack ofcanteen food health and safety management, lack of extracurricular sportsorganization guides are the cause of college students' physical deterioration, Asfamily environment impacts, family fitness consciousness weak, heavy nutrition notonly exercise, too much spoil, love the one child policy, high expectations for theirchildren, cause children have no time to participate in the exercise under pressure,thus resulting in a decline in students' physique; From social environment, due to theeffect of traditional thoughts, do not take the lead to the country, the society for sports,too little investment, coupled with the great development of productivity, whichmarketers too much emphasis on economic interests, national implementation ofenrollment expansion in colleges and universities, community sports construction isnot perfect, imperfect guarantee agencies, the transportation is convenient, theenvironment pollution and change of network, electronic products have an effect oncollege students' physical deterioration; And return to a personal problem, thestudents' fitness consciousness is not strong, irregular life work and rest, and diet isnot normal, Internet addiction, exams, job stress, for sports don't have much money,have no interest in physical exercise, do not want to participate in physical exercise toare direct factors that led to the decrease of the constitution of the students ofsociology.
In order to improve and enhance the physical health of college students, from theperspective of sociology influence factors analysis, put forward the countermeasuresand Suggestions of the following aspects:
One, change the traditional thought of bondage, to improve the status of sportsand sports people, create a good sports atmosphere, promote health and education;Second, strengthen the university student, the family and society as a wholesports fitness health consciousness, enlarge the propaganda of network media,through public opinion system to improve college students' attention to physicalhealth, and consciously take exercise;Third, improve the unreasonable living habits and lifestyle, diet and nutrition, ontime, reasonable distribution of work and rest time, don't stay up late, exercise more,mix;Four, create a good atmosphere on the development of colleges and universitiessports, run a variety of in-class and extracurricular sports activities and organizestudents to watch sports or video, posted sports culture.
Five, take an active part in outdoor sports, don't do “curtilage male curtilagefemale”, do not do network regulars;Six, change teaching mode, select material diversity, diversity of teaching;Seven, the government give more attention, increase financial support and spiritsupport, increase the sports facilities;Eight, formulate relevant laws regulations intervention in college students toparticipate in physical exercise, and set some supervision and management of relevantdepartments and help improve students' physique better;Nine, to control vehicle travel, advocate to protectde the environment.
Key words: college student physical deterioration sociology
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
目 录
第一章 前言
第一节 选题背景与依据
第二节 研究目的与意义
一 研究目的
二 研究意义
第三节 相关文献综述
一 体质
二 国内大学生的体质研究状况
三 国外大学生的体质研究状况
第四节 研究对象与研究方法
一 研究对象
二 研究方法
第二章 研究结果与分析
第一节 大学生体质持续下降的数据调查分析
一 中国大学生体质下降的数据引用说明
第二节 从社会学角度分析影响大学生体质下降因素的研究
一 专家访谈 …
二 抽样社会调查访谈
三 抽样学生调查
第三节 基于社会学角度的大学生体质下降原因
一 社会环境因素
二 学校自身因素
三 家庭自身因素
四 生活环境和生活方式因素
五 学生自身因素
第四节 从社会学角度如何改善提高大学生体质
一 自身
二 学校
三 家庭
四 社会
第三章 结论与建议
第一节 结论
第二节 建议
参考文献
致 谢
