摘要
墨遗萍是当代蒲剧界一位比较重要的剧作家，他一生勤于笔耕，着作颇丰，创作了二十五个蒲剧剧本。同时墨遗萍也是蒲剧界首屈一指的戏剧理论家，其《蒲剧史魂》对蒲州梆子的形成、发展、兴盛、衰落等作了大量的调查、记录与考证，是研究蒲州梆子的重要史料。除此之外，他首开蒲剧田野调查之风，记录、整理大量宝贵资料，为地方戏的研究提供借鉴。然而由于种种原因，其剧作长期以来没有得到应有的重视，研究者未能展现其剧作的成就，没有对其进行全面深入的研究。故本文试图全面关照其生平、剧作及蒲剧史，并以剧作为中心，深入挖掘其剧作的主题思想，揭示成因。
在绪论部分，笔者首先综述了对墨遗萍相关研究的历程。至今，对他的研究大多是一些怀念性的，评价也多不够全面，尤其是其剧作几乎无人做进一步的整理和研究。主体部分从以下四个部分逐层进行论述。第一部分，生平考述。墨遗萍深受墨子“利天下而为之”思想的影响，积极参加革命活动，在从事文艺工作之后，能够通过戏曲来反映自己对社会的认知，激励鼓舞着人民群众。第二部分，新编历史故事戏研究。墨遗萍一生创作十六部新编历史故事戏，根据剧作内容分为民族矛盾剧、反奸除坏剧、爱国剧、励志剧、止战剧、抗争剧。第三部分，现代戏研究。墨遗萍共创作了九个现代戏，依据剧作所反映的时代问题分为教育剧、抗战剧与阶级斗争剧，从中感受文艺“工具论”的特点。第四部分，墨遗萍对蒲剧史的研究。首先墨遗萍对蒲剧史开拓性的研究，从蒲剧的形成、蒲剧的特色以及雅与俗的认识三方面概括《蒲剧史魂》的意义。其次墨遗萍进行蒲剧田野调查，搜集整理了蒲剧资料大量宝贵资料。最后在结语部分，概括了墨遗萍对蒲剧的贡献。
本文通过墨遗萍生平及其剧作的全面展示与分析，深入挖掘其剧作所蕴涵的思想及艺术闪光点，肯定了他在蒲剧界的历史地位及价值，对蒲剧剧作家的研究作了必要的补充。
【关 键 词】 墨遗萍 生平与创作 蒲剧史贡献
Abstract
Mo Yiping is an important playwright of contemporary Pu opera. He haswritten many plays in his life, including 25 Pu opera scripts. At the same time,Mo Yiping is also a leading drama theorist of Pu opera. His works Pu OperaHistory, which made a lot of investigation, record and textual research aboutthe formation, development, prosperity and recession of Puzhou Bangzi, is animportant historical material for the research of Puzhou Bangzi. Besides, heis the first one to conduct field investigation about Pu opera, and records andsorts a lot of valuable materials, providing guidance for the research of localopera. However, due to various reasons, his plays have not gotten enoughattention for a long time. The researchers have not been able to conductcomprehensive thorough research about him and show his achievements onplay writing. Therefore, the thesis focuses on his plays, and tries to dig intothe theme of his plays and reveal the causes from his life, plays and thehistory of Pu opera.
In the introduction, the author firstly reviews the research history aboutMo Yiping. Till now, researches about him are mostly about yearning, and theevaluation about him is not comprehensive either. Especially, there is almostno one doing further collation and research about his plays. The main part isdiscussed from the following four parts. First part, research of his life.
Deeply affected by Mo-tse's thought “Do things benefiting the whole world”,Mo Yiping actively participated in revolutionary activities. After engaging inliterary and artistic work, he wanted to use drama to reflect his recognitionof the society and encouraging the masses of the people. Second part,research of newly organized historical story drama. Mo Yiping has created 16newly organized historical story dramas in his life, which can be divided intoethnic conflicts drama, evil punishment drama, patriotic drama, inspirationaldrama, war ending drama and protest drama according to the content. Thirdpart, research of modern drama. Mo Yiping has created 9 modern dramas intotal, which can be divided into educational drama, resistance drama andclass struggle drama according to the times problems the drama hasreflected. People can learn the “instrumentalism” feature of literature andart from these dramas. Fourth part, Mo Yiping's research of Pu opera history.
Firstly, it tells about Mo Yiping's pioneering study about Pu opera history, andsummarizes the significances of Pu Opera History from three aspects: theformation, feature of Pu opera, and the recognition of elegant and vulgar.
Secondly, it tells about Mo Yiping's field investigation of Pu opera, whichcollects and sorts a lot of valuable materials about Pu opera. In the end, itsummarizes Mo Yiping's contribution to Pu opera in the conclusion.
The thesis digs into the thought and art flashpoint in Mo Yiping's playsthrough comprehensive display and analysis of his life and plays, affirminghis historical status and values in Pu opera and making necessarysupplement for the study of Pu opera playwrights.
【Key Words】 MoYiping life and creation contribution to Pu operahistory
目 录
1 绪 论
1.1 选题的动机
1.2 研究现状
1.3 研究的目的意义
2 墨遗萍先生的生平
2.1 1949 年前的墨遗萍
2.2 建国后的墨遗萍
3 新编历史故事戏研究
3.1 民族矛盾剧
3.1.1 民族矛盾剧的剧情
3.1.2 民族矛盾剧的观念
3.1.3 民族矛盾剧的行为特点：人民性 暴力性
3.2 反奸除坏剧
3.2.1 反奸除坏剧剧情
3.2.2 反奸除坏剧的主题意义
3.2.3 反奸除坏剧能够成功的原因
3.3 爱国剧
3.3.1 爱国剧剧情
3.3.2 爱国剧的创作意图
3.4 其他类型的剧作
3.4.1 励志的《龙门记》
3.4.2 止战的《云梯图》
3.4.3 抗争的《乞巧图》
4 墨遗萍现代戏研究
4.1 教育剧
4.1.1 顾全大局，反对本位主义的《牛菜篇》
4.1.2 追求实事求是的《六个字》、《取经记》
4.2 抗战剧
4.3 阶级斗争剧
5 墨遗萍对蒲剧史的贡献
5.1《蒲剧史魂》对蒲剧的认识
5.1.1 蒲剧的形成
5.1.2 蒲剧的特色
5.1.3 雅与俗的认识
5.2 田野调查
5.3 墨遗萍对于戏曲相关方面的认识
5.3.1 墨遗萍《观剧杂谈》
5.3.2“梦柳得柳”的体会
5.3.3“赵氏孤儿”的感想
结语
致谢
参考文献
