中文摘要
自尊作为自我心理的重要组成部分受到研究的广泛关注。近年来，在精神卫生领域，自尊扮演很重要的角色，尤其在情绪健康方面，越来越成为研究的重点。自尊（自我 - 自尊）是某个人的自身价值和自我接纳的总体感觉，表现在对自己的自我价值判断的态度。自尊是心理健康的重要指标，高自尊者一般情况下都具有较强的独立性，他们往往能很好的控制情绪、超越自我，表现出乐观的行为模式，在相同情境下，他们有很强的适应能力，宽容对待自己和别人。低自尊者常常感到孤独，抑郁，焦虑，易伤，他们往往很自卑，产生过多的防御反应，不能合理接受自己，人际关系敏感。
本研究使用 SES 自尊量表，内隐联想测验，缺陷感量表对内蒙古师范大学、内蒙古工业、内蒙古大学、内蒙古农业大学的 520 名大学生进行问卷调查，较深入的分析了不同民族，不同年龄阶段，不同性别大学生的自尊差异，运用 SPSS 统计软件对数据进行差异性检验，回归分析，相关分析，得出以下结论：
1.蒙、汉两族大学生在自尊方面存在一定的差异，不仅表现在自尊量表分数上的不同，其内隐自尊测验的结果也有所差异。造成上述差异的原因可能是两族大学生的初始生活背景、文化方面有所不同，而且其在学习生活中习惯的学习方式、学习方法等不同。根据以往研究可知，过去长期生活成长所产生的经验促使内隐自尊逐渐形成，因此内隐自尊具有自动化的特点，而且相对于外显自尊，更不容易被改变。
2.不同年级的大学生因为年龄的发展及学习生活的不断改变其社会支持、社交方式、教师评价、同辈群体的影响等方面对其自尊的影响程度。
3.大学生的心理自尊表现多样性，并表现出明显的显示性别差异。
社会对性别角色的期待、社会和文化因素和大学的生活环境的变化显着的影响男性大学生和女性大学生的自尊，也就是说社会期待影响不同性别大学生自尊的形成。
关键词：不同阶段，大学生，自尊，民族差异
ABSTRACT
As an important part of self-esteem is due to psychological researchattention. In recent years, self-esteem in the mental health field a veryimportant role, especially emotional health has increasingly become a focusof research. Esteem （self - esteem） is a person's self worth and self-acceptanceof the general feeling, and in the judgment of their own self-worth attitude.
Self-esteem is an important indicator of mental health, as well as high and lowlevels have important implications adapt unique personality. High self-esteemgenerally have a strong independence, their emotions, often beyond the self,showing positive behavior patterns, at the same time, they have a strongability to adapt, tolerance towards themselves and others, the general feelgood yourself. Low self-esteem is often feel lonely, depressed, anxious, easilyhurt, they are often a lot of self-esteem, negative damage and excessivedefense reaction, and can not reasonably accept it difficult to get along withmyself, and sensitive relationships.
At present, the theory of the basic conclusion of self-esteempsychological education in the world is a person's self-esteem is by has thenature difference, all kinds of specific components （such as physicalself-esteem, specialization, socialization of self-esteem, etc.）。 The sport abilityof body self-esteem includes self-evaluation and the self-evaluation of body inappearance and physical fitness and health quality evaluation, this field isessential for college students' overall self-esteem. Three self assessmentresults will be positive and negative effects on college students. In addition,the study of physical self-esteem, domestic major groups to participate in thestudents, especially female college students. Chinese scholars Hector fromwell study found that adolescent male body self-esteem scale average scorethan women . Hector in well and the falling of the research indicates thatsports college students' body self-esteem level was significantly higher thansmall exercise students, male students' body self-esteem than female collegestudents significantly increased. Big, middle school students' bodyself-esteem scale for both men and women significantly difference evaluation,significantly higher than that of men than women. This suggests that big,middle school students of traditional culture and gender social rolepositioning, people tend to accept the “lively boy, quiet and obedient girl”, inthe adolescent brain more or less affected by “strongman with a weakwoman”, etc. The influence of traditional ideas. In addition, in modern society,the female is greater than the pressure from the appearance of people, societyis to emphasize women's physical beauty, physical beauty, which can lead todissatisfaction with their appearance. Study found that teenage girls, becausethe body development is rapid, psychological development is relativelylagging, it is difficult to accept your sudden change immediately. This kind ofphenomenon is very common. As the growth of the age, the students becomemore and more aware of the appearance of social demand, feel the socialpressure of self-esteem to the body.
Key Words:ethnic differences at different stages,Undergraduates'Esteem
目录
前言
第一章 文献综述
一、自尊的相关研究
二、问题的提出
第二章 蒙汉两族大学生自尊状况调查
一、研究目的
二、研究方法
三、研究结果与讨论
第三章 研究过程与结果
一、不同民族大学生自尊的差异分析
二、不同年龄阶段大学生自尊的差异分析
第四章 讨论与分析
一、不同民族大学生自尊的差异
二、不同年龄阶段、不同性别大学生自尊的差异
第五章 研究不足与展望
一、研究不足
二、研究展望
结语
参考文献
致 谢
