服务小微企业的商业银行金融业务发展研究

　　中文摘要

　　小微企业是我国经济组织当中数量较为庞大的群体之一，为经济发展做出的贡献难以衡量。但是小微企业在发展运营过程中，资金缺口一直未能得到满足，大多数小微企业面临着融资困难的局面，资本筹集主要局限于自筹和民间借贷来解决，即使在发达国家，小微信贷服务也面临着诸多问题需要解决。随着国家逐年对小微企业政策的倾斜，我国商业银行于 2005 年左右，加大了对小微贷款的支持力度，特别是民生银行、招商银行和中信银行都纷纷推出了针对小企业资金需求特点而设计的商贷产品。随着小微信贷投放规模的逐年增加，服务小微不仅成为人民银行对商业银行的监管指标，同时也成为商业银行自身业务发展的战略之一。但是，我国小微企业所处的市场环境还不健全，金融贷款相应的担保方式、政策支持以及信用评价体系都还处于建设阶段，因此小微企业贷款困难的局面难以快速得到缓解，而商业银行的信贷服务也需要从产品设计、营销策略、风险控制等等诸多方面进行改进，以适应未来经济环境中的小微企业经营发展。

　　本文经过阅读文献和查阅相关资料后，搜索和收集了大量商业银行信贷业务发展状况的资料，对其发展历程与取得的阶段性成果做出了客观评述。接下来，文章对我国小微企业的融资特点、小微企业融资现状与困境做出深入分析，与此同时对我国商业银行的小微金融业务的发展现状以及现存问题做出阐释。最后，针对如何拓宽银行的小微金融服务链条、提高微金融业务服务质量提出了五点政策性建议。

　　关键词：小微企业 小微信贷金融服务 商业银行

　　Abstract

　　Small and micro-business is one of the largest group within economicorganization in our country, has been contributed to the development of economy tothe extent of measurement which is not able to calculate. However, during theoperation development of small and micro business, the problem of funding gap hasnot been resolved for many years. Most of the small and micro businesses has beenfacing the financing difficulties, which is solved mostly by self-capital raising andprivate lending. Even in developed countries, small and micro business financeservices is also facing many problems to be solved. With the positive policies keepscoming out for the small and micro business year by year, The commercial banks inChina have been increasing the support for small and micro businesses loan servicessince 2005, especially China Minsheng Banking Corp. Ltd, China Merchants Bankand CITIC Bank have launched the loan products which is designed focusing on thefunding needs of small businesses. With increasing scale of debt approved for smallbusinesses year by year, small and micro business service is not only the regulatoryindicators of commercial banks for The People’s Bank of China, but also one of thestrategies on business development for the commercial banks themselves.

　　However, the market environment for the small and micro-business in China isnot perfect yet, and the corresponding ways of trust, policy support and creditevaluation systems for financial loans are still in the construction phase, so thedifficult situation of small and micro business loans cannot be quickly eased. In orderto adapt to the future economic environment and business development of small andmicro businesses, the financing services of commercial banks also need to beimproved from many aspects, such as product design, marketing strategy, risk controletc.

　　All the information for this article has been collected by reading the historicalarticle literature and searching on relevant information on a large number of financeservice information on commercial bank development, the objective comments hasbeen made according to the development process of the commercial banks and theoutcome achieved for current stage. Next, the article will emphasized on thecharacteristics of the financing features, financing dilemma status and difficulties ofsmall and micro businesses, In the meantime, the analysis of the development ofsmall and micro business financing services and the existing problems will beinterpreted as well. Finally, according to the expansion of the finance services chainof small and micro business for the bank, the way of improving the quality offinancing services has been illustrated in five-point of recommendations from theaspects of policy.

　　Key words:small and micro-business small and micro-business credit financial servicescommercial banks
 

　　目 录

　　中文摘要

　　Abstract

　　目 录

　　第 1 章 绪 论

　　1.1 研究背景与意义

　　1.2 研究内容与方法

　　1.2.1 研究内容

　　1.2.2 研究方法

　　1.3 相关文献综述

　　1.3.1 国外研究综述

　　1.3.2 国内研究综述

　　第 2 章 小微企业发展状况与融资需求特点

　　2.1 小微企业的概念与特点

　　2.2 我国小微企业发展状况

　　2.3 小微企业融资需求特点

　　第 3 章 我国商业银行小微融资服务现状

　　3.1 小微企业融资业务发展状况

　　3.2 小微企业融资业务的现存问题

　　第 4 章 小微企业融资困难的制约因素

　　4.1 小微企业内部因素

　　4.2 我国商业银行经营模式方面的因素

　　4.3 可选择融资模式的不适应性

　　4.3.1 正规融资渠道障碍重重

　　4.3.2 非正规融资渠道风险高

　　4.4 担保体系方面的限制

　　第 5 章 我国商业银行小微融资业务拓展与创新途径

　　5.1 提高贷款审批和发放效率

　　5.2 建立创新服务机制

　　5.3 定制小微金融产品

　　5.4 拓宽小微企业担保方式

　　5.5 建立网络化融资信息平台

　　5.6 提高小微金融业务的竞争力

　　结 论

　　参考文献

　　致 谢