Z镇政府执行力的有效提升研究

　　摘要

　　随着社会经济的发展以及政府行政改革的逐步深入,社会各界对政府执行力的关注不断提高,中央政府在各项报告中多次提及政府执行力的提升,高效能、执行力强己经成为各级政府有待实现的目标。乡镇政府作为国家最基层的政权,直接面对农村普通群众,肩负着新农村建设的艰巨任务,其执行力的高低直接关系到各项公共政策能否有效落实,直接影响到广大人民群众对党和政府一系列的评价,因此在开展新农村建设和倡导提高执政能力的大背景下,分析与研究乡镇执行力的问题并寻求提升乡镇政府执行力的有效途径非常必要。

　　本文从阐述研究的背景及意义、分析国内外的研宄综述开始,接着论述了研宄的理论基础及其与研宄的相关性。然后根据乡镇政府执行力的一般性构成将其分解为政策自身指导力、执行主体执行力、执行环境承载力、执行资源支持力和执行对象认知力五个构成要素,这些要素相互影响,相互作用,每个构成力都拥有特定的作用,缺少任何一个“力”都将影响到乡镇政府执行力的发挥。接下来笔者分析了仪征市Z镇政府执行力所呈.现的再制定性弱、执行性强、执行主体宽泛、执行资源有限、执行环境复杂等特点。Z镇政府执行力总体上在逐渐提升,但是Z镇执行力还存在的很多不足,从乡镇执行力构成要素角度来分析,主要体现为政策自身指导力有缺陷、执行主体执行力不足、执行资源支持力短缺、执行环境承载力不够和执行对象认知力有限五个方面。针对上述执行力不足的问题,本文从政策自身、执行主体、财政来源、执行成本、执行机制、执行对象等角度分析其产生的原因。只有使得Z镇政府执行力的各个构成力都得到提高,才能全面提升Z镇政府执行力,所以针对Z镇政府执行力的不足及其原因,笔者提出如下对策:一是要提高政策制定的质量,增强政策自身指导力;二是要提高行政人员的准入标准,加强执行主体能力素质培养,提升执行主体执行力;三是要优化机制建设,特别是要完善财政机制、监督问责机制和激励机制,增强执行资源支持力;四是要合理配置各方权益,大力培育执行力文化,增加执行环境承载力;五是要强化农民群众素质培养,加强执行对象的政策认知力。

　　关键词:乡镇政府政策政府执行力

　　ABSTRACT

　　With the gradual deepening of social and economic development andadministrative reform, the community's concern for the government to implementthe force continues to improve. The central government mentioned in the reportthat to improve the government's execution of multiple high performance andstrong execution has become the goal of governments at all levels. Township '

　　government as the country 's most grassroots political power,directly faces peoplein rural areas, talcing charge of the arduous task of the new rural construction,which is directly related to the execution of the effective implementation of publicpolicy can directly affect the masses of the party under a series of evaluation andthe government. Therefore it is important to analyze problems and researchtownship executive power and to find effective ways to improve the execution ofthe township government under the new situation of rural construction andadvocacy to improve the governing ability.

　　This paper describes the background and significance of the study, analyzingdomestic and international research review, and then discusses the relevance ofbasic research and theory and research. Then according to the general constitutionof the township government executive power itself down to its policy guidance,execution environment carrying capacity, supportive resources for implementationand enforcement of the five elements of cognitive objects, these elements interactwith each other. Each constituting force has a specific role. The lack of any "force"will affect the play of the township government executive power. Then weanalyzed the Yizheng Z Town government executive power and presented weakformulation, execution and strong, broad executive body, the limited resources forimplementation, complex environment and so on. Z town government executivepower in general gradually improved, but many lack of Z Town execution stillexists. From the township perspective, the main guiding force embodied in thepolicy itself flawed. There is inadequate implementation of the main execution,execution supportive resources shortages, inadequate implementation ofenvironmental carrying capacity and limited cognitive object is performed. Forlack of execution problems mentioned above, we analyzed from the policy itself,the executive body, sources of finance, cost of implementation, enforcementmechanisms, such as the implementation of an object point of view of its causes. Ztown government only allows the execution of various poses force being improvedin order to enhance the Z town government execution. So it is the reason for thelack of Z town government and its execution. We proposes the following methods:

　　first, to improve the quality of policy formulation enhance policy guidance forceitself ; second is to improve the access standard administrative staff, qualitytraining to strengthen the implementation capacity of the body to enhance theimplementation of executive power body; third is to optimize buildingmechanisms , in particular, to improve the financial mechanism, supervision andaccountability mechanisms to incentive and enhance the implementation ofsupportive resources; fourth is to regulate the rational allocation of rights, tocultivate the culture of execution , the execution environment to increase carryingcapacity; fifth is to strengthen the quality of peasants' training, to strengthen theimplementation of the policy object cognition.

　　KEYWORDS: township government policy government execution

    目录

　　1 绪 论

　　1.1研宄背景及现实意义

　　1.2国内外研究现状

　　1.3研宄内容和方法

　　1.4研宄的创新点

　　2研究的理论基础

　　2.1委托-代理理论

　　2.1.1委托-代理理论的阐释

　　2.1. 2委托-代理理论与本研宄的相关性

　　2. 2博弈理论

　　2. 2.1博弈理论的阐释

　　2. 2. 2博弈理论与本研宄的相关性

　　2. 3激励理论

　　2. 3.1激励理论的阐释

　　2. 3. 2激励理论与本研宄的相关性

　　2.4政策执行理论

　　2. 4.1政策执行理论的阐释

　　2. 4. 2政策执行理论与本研宄的相关性

　　3乡镇政府执行力的一般性构成及要素的内在关联

　　3.1乡镇政府执行力的构成

　　3.1.1政策自身指导力

　　3.1.2执行主体执行力

　　3.1.3执行资源支持力

　　3.1.4执行环境承载力

　　3.1.5执行对象认知力

　　3. 2乡镇政府执行力构成要素的内在关联

　　4仪征市Z镇政府执行力的现状分析

　　4.1 Z镇政府执行力呈现的特点

　　4. 1.1再制定性弱,执行性强

　　4. 1.2执行主体比较宽泛

　　4.1.3执行资源非常有限

　　4. 1.4执行环境比较复杂

　　4. 1. 5直接作用于广大农民群众

　　4.2 Z镇政府执行力不足的体现

　　4. 2. 1政策自身指导力有缺陷

　　4. 2. 2执行主体执行力不足

　　4. 2. 3执行资源支持力短缺

　　4. 2. 4执行环境承载力不够

　　4.2. 5执行对象认知力有限

　　5 Z镇政府执行力不足的原因分析

　　5.1部分政策缺乏可操作性和协调性

　　5.2执行主体自利性的驱使

　　5. 3执行主体素质有待提局

　　5. 4财政来源不足

　　5. 5执行成本偏高

　　5. 6执行机制不健全

　　5. 7执行中强势群体的干扰

　　5.8执行对象受教育程度偏低

　　6提升Z镇政府执行力旳路径

　　6.1提高政策制定质量,增强政策自身指导力

　　6. 2提高准入标准、加强素质培养,提升执行主体执行力

　　6.2.1严把准入关

　　6. 2. 2加强执行主体的能力素质培养

　　6. 3优化机制建设,增强执行资源支持力

　　6. 3. 1完善财政机制,丰富财力资源

　　6. 3. 2健全监督问责机制,规范执行行为

　　6. 3. 3完善激励机制,促进潜能激发

　　6. 4合理配置权益、培育执行文化,增加执行环境承载力

　　6.4.1协调配置好各方利益

　　6. 4. 2实现上下级权责合理化

　　6. 4. 3大力培育执行力文化

　　6. 5强化农民群众素质培养,加强执行对象政策认知力

　　6. 5.1努力提升农民群众各项素质

　　6. 5. 2提高政策宣传效果

　　结论

　　参考文献