农村基层组织人员职务犯罪入刑研究

　　中文摘要

　　随着政府公共管理职能的不断下放，村民委员会等基层组织工作人员在协助政府实施公共管理工作过程中发挥的作用越来越大，与此同时基层组织工作人员利用该职权危害社会的行为也越来越突出。但由于立法的不完善及认识的不统一，对村基层组织人员职务犯罪主体的刑法适用存在较大分歧，从而导致打击不力。村党支部、村小组、村民委员会及其下设治保会、经联社等机构是农村的基层的组织，这些最基层组织的工作人员在依法从事行政管理工作时，均应以"国家工作人员"论。我国在立法上仅简单列举了几类单位犯罪主体，而没有将农村基层组织纳入其中，但实际上农村基层组织在本质上与立法明确的单位犯罪主体并无区别，同样应构成单位犯罪主体，且其人员也可作为单位犯罪责任人员追究刑事责任。渎职罪的主体目前正在经历从身份论向职责论的转变，农村基层组织人员在协助政府行使公权力时滥用职权、玩忽职守在本质上符合渎职罪主体要件，应构成渎职罪主体。在立法上应围绕"公务"这一本质特征将农村基层组织人员等依法从事公务的人员纳入以国家工作人员论的范畴、围绕单位犯罪本质特征将农村基层组织等组织纳入单位犯罪主体范畴、围绕"公权力"这一本质特征将行使公权力的农村基层组织人员等纳入渎职罪主体范围，从而有效打击农村基层组织人员职务犯罪。

　　关键词： 农村基层组织 职务犯罪主体 刑法适用

　　ABSTRACT

　　With the continued decentralization of public administration function of the Government,staff of the villagers ' committees and other grass-roots organizations in assisting Governmentsin implementing public administration play a more and more important role in the process, whileat the grass-roots organizations making use of the terms of reference of the anti-social behaviourhas become increasingly acute. But because awareness of the imperfection of the legislation andnot uniform, on the subject of duty crime of village grass-roots staff application of criminal lawthere is a big difference, leading to ineffective combat. Village party branch and village groupsand villagers ' committees and under the public security Committee, by bodies such as theAssociation of rural grass-roots organizations, which at the most grass-roots staff working inadministration according to law, should be based on "national staff". Simply enumerates severalclasses of unit crime in legislation, and grass-roots organizations in rural areas are not included,but in fact the rural grass-roots organizations in essentially no different from legislationexplicitly the subject of unit crime should also constitute a unit subject of crime, and criminalliability can also be used as units personnel be held criminally responsible. Dereliction of dutysubject to the duties currently being experienced from the identity theory theory change at therural grass-roots organizations to assist the Government in the exercise of public powers abusetheir powers, neglect their duties meet the requirements of subject of crime of dereliction of dutyin nature, should form the subject of crime of dereliction of duty. In legislation Shang shouldaround "corporate" this a nature features will rural grass-roots organizations personnel, lawengaged in corporate of personnel into to national staff on the of category, and around unitscrime nature features will rural grass-roots organizations, organization into units crime subjectcategory, and around "public power" this a nature features will exercise public power of ruralgrass-roots organizations personnel, into of dereliction of duty subject range, to effective combatrural grass-roots organizations personnel positions crime.

　　Key word: Basic-level organization ,Duty subject of crime ,Unit dereliction

 

　　目 录

　　中文摘要

　　英文摘要

　　目录

　　1 农村基层组织人员职务犯罪类型及主体刑法适用分歧

　　1.1 农村基层组织人员职务犯罪的类型

　　1.2 刑法适用分歧

　　2 农村基层组织人员职务犯罪主体刑法适用问题研究及案例评析

　　2.1 农村基层组织人员"以国家工作人员论"主体的认定

　　2.2 农村基层组织人员是否属于单位犯罪的责任人员

　　2 . 3 农村基层组织人员能否构成渎职犯罪主体

　　2 . 4 存在身份争议案例的定性意见

　　3 农村基层组织人员主体身份的刑法完善

　　3.1 重新界定"以国家工作人员论"

　　3. 2 确认农村基层组织的单位性质

　　3.3 肯定农村基层组织人员渎职身份

　　4 结语

　　参考文献

　　致谢